1、高考英语书面表达 高分写 作 技 巧,高考英语书面表达之忌,书面表达不同于作家作文, 它不需要严格的布局谋篇、修辞润色，而只需根据所给的情景、图画或要求、提示把主要内容即要点按顺畅的层次表达出来即可。但不得逐字翻译，归纳起来，考生要做好此题，应注意以下禁忌： 一、忌审题不清或不全 文不对题的作文失分最严重。往往表现为文体与要求不和、内容与要求不和、忽略细节要求（如：要否自拟标题，有无附加条件等）。因此，考生应仔细审题，确定人称与时态,并抓住所要表达的各个内容要点(以动词为要点中心)。审题时首先要弄清题目的主要内容是什么，然后再考虑一下该用什么形式来表达。,二、忌次序混乱，连接词单一或缺乏 审完
2、题后，不少考生虽已知道了要写的内容，却不能合理地组织所给的材料，东一句、西一句，写得支离破碎，文理不通，让人不知所云。考生最好能迅速地列出要点，在这个过程中，要考虑一下先写什么，后写什么，句与句之间，不得逐字或逐条翻译。 段与段之间最好能使用一些能清晰表达逻辑结构的连接词或句子，如first of all , above all , secondly , next , in fact, besides, in a word , at last , the most important point is that等等，使文章过渡自然、流畅，做到前后连贯、层次分明、有条不紊。,三、忌偷工减料、画蛇
3、添足 书面表达必须严格按试题所提供的要求去写，需要表达的内容要点不可偷工减料、随便删减，也不能随意增添。切不可凭自己的想象任意发挥，下笔千言，离题万里，把没用的内容写了很多，却漏掉了规定的内容、要点，或把次要的内容当作主要内容来写，主次不分。也有的考生把没有必要写的东西写得过多，超过了规定字数，结果弄巧成拙，也是要扣分的。,四、忌基本语法及用词错误 在写英语句子时为了表达准确，要尽量避免语法、词汇及拼写方面的错误。使用动词时，应注意语态、时态在人称和数上与主语的一致。应注意名词使用中的单、复数问题，是否要用冠词以及形容词或副词在句中的位置问题，介词的搭配问题等。例如：想表达“我不知道要怎样对付
4、那台收音机”时，会写出“I dont know how to do with the radio”，而正确的表达应是“I dont know what to do with the radio”。,五、忌非它莫属，死般硬套。 选词造句切忌死盯字面意思，凡拿不准，写不出来的词汇要学会“转弯” 。例如：想表达“准备”，而又不会prepare时，可用短语get ready 来代替；“美化(环境)”的“美化（beautify)”，可用makebeautiful; “反对（ oppose）” 可用be strongly against；“考驾照”可写成take an driving license te
5、st（不可直译成test driving license);就即便“驾照”写不来，也可用driving pass表达(总比 driver photo或photo for driving好）。对用不来或写不出的要尽量避免“一词”定终身，非它莫属。提倡变相“多词” 转换。,六、忌充分自信、不回查 写出来的东西，很可能有不正确、不恰当的地方，因此，在答完卷时，至少应从以下几个方面认真检查：（1）对照题目要求，看全部要点是否都已包括进去，有无遗漏或误解；（2）文体格式是否正确规范；（3）词语使用是否合适、正确，有无语法与用词上的错误， 表达是否符合英语表达习惯；（4）单词拼写、字母大小写有无错误，标点
6、符号有无遗漏或用错等等。 一句话，对书面表达应尽量做到：不跑题，不漏点，语言精简合习惯，灵活表达要规范，书法整齐词有限。,高考书面表达写作步骤,Step1: 仔细审题,确定人称、时态和文体形式。Step2: 拟定67个要点（以动词为中心，含开头和结尾）。Step3: 草写常用名词实词（作主语、宾语、表语）。Step4: 连词成句，补充定语、状语。 （一般控制在7-10句x12词左右）Step5: 连句成篇（2-3段式短文） （1015分） Step6 (2125分高分条件）：适度转换 2-3个较高级的词汇； 23个句型 23个丰富的句式（分词作状 语、定语，定语从句，强调 句，名词性从句） 2
7、3个适当的连接词 （句与句之间和段与段之间补充）Step7: 检查与对应：文体、大小写、标点、字数、要点、 拼写等。,高考书面表达的评分标准：,覆盖所有主要内容；应用了较多的语法结构和词汇；语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑；达到了预期的写作目的。,第五档（很好）（2125分）：,书面表达高分技巧,书面表达高分技巧,注意：不能不用，且不能少用，但也不能滥用。,1. I used to like reading and writing poems at middle school.2. Suddenly I thoug
8、ht of a good idea.3.You can find my house easily.,I used to be fond of reading and writing poems at middle school.,All of a sudden, a good idea occurred to me.,A good idea suddenly struck me.,You have no trouble/difficulty in finding my house .,You can find my house without any difficulty .,一、怎样使用较高
9、级的词汇,4.Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable. 5.The old photo made me think of my happy childhood.,Thanks to the good weather , our journey was comfortable.,The old photo reminded me of my happy childhood.,6.His invention will be good for people greatly.,His invention will ( ) pe
10、ople. His invention will ( )people. His invention will ( ) people. People will ( )his invention. His invention will( ). His invention will ( )people.,be of great benefit to,bring a lot of benefits to,be greatly beneficial to,benefit greatly from,benefit people greatly,do much good to,7. When she hea
11、rd he had died, she went pale with sorrow.8.We all think he is a great man.9.In our school, there are twenty-six classrooms.10.Mr.Zhang taught us English.He was 44 years old .He wore long hair. His character was very strange.,At the news of his death, she went pale with sorrow.,We all think highly o
12、f him .,Our school is made up of /consists of twentysix classrooms.,Mr.Zhang，44 years old , used to be our English teacher of strange character, wearing a long hair.,11. As a result the plan was a failure.12. She went to Austria in order to study music. .,She went to Austria for the purpose of study
13、ing music.,The plan turned out to be a failure.,1. When she heard he had died, she went pale with sorrow.2. I was walking along Park Road towards the east. At that time, an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street.,二、怎样使用较丰富的句式,On hearing the bad news of his death, she went p
14、ale with sorrow.,I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street.,3. The flat is in a building on Beijing Road. It is not far from our School.4. He is surprised that the little girl knows so many things.,The flat is in a buildin
15、g on Beijing Road, which is not far from our School.,To his surprise , the little girl knows so many things.,What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.,5. We can achieve our goal only in this way.6.He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.,O
16、nly in this way can we achieve our goal .,It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened.,Not until he had read the news in the newspaper did he know what had happened.,7. When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.8. Though Im weak, Ill make the effort. 9. I pa
17、ssed the physics exam because of your help.10. She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.,On his arriving, please give me an e-mail.,Weak as I am, Ill make the effort.,I couldnt have passed the physics exam but for your help.,Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.,11. T
18、hey sang and laughed as they went back to school.12.I wont believe what he says. 13.If you study hard, you will make rapid progress.14Our school is beautiful. It is very large. It has 100mu.And there are 3500 students in it. Its staff (员工）teaches and serves us well.,Our beautiful large school covers
19、 an area of 100mu,whose staff teaches and serves us well.,Singing and laughing, they went back to school.,No matter what he says, I wont believe.,Study hard and youll make rapid progress.,15.The teacher required all the students to hand in their compositions after class. ( 复合宾语),All the students wer
20、e required to hand in their compositions after class.The teacher required that all the students should hand in their compositions after class.It was required by the teacher that all the students should hand in their compositions after class.The teachers requirement was that all the students should h
21、and in their compositions after class.,（被动语态）,（宾语从句）,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,1.恰当使用关联词, 如:but, when，so，if，because，so that等。,1) People have found mobile phones very convenient _they can get in touch with each other whenever and wherever they like.2) This village used to be very small and poor _it has changed a
22、 lot since 1978 .,because,but,三. proper linking words or sentences使用恰当的连接词,2.巧妙使用意思有联系的词或语句 如:First, Second, Third, Soon, most excitingly, Whats more, whats worse, As a result等。,All the school-age children can study here._, they enjoy free education in it.The birds dodo were killed for food on a lar
23、ge number. _, they died out at last.Eating sugar is bad for our teeth. _, it may make us fat.,As a result,Whats worse,Whats more,3.适当使用过渡性语句 如:The reasons are as follows. Every coin has two sides. All roads lead to Rome. As the result/survey shows. We can draw an conclusion.等,Now in the country area
24、s, there are many children out of school. _. First，most families are too poor to send their children to school . Second, some parents think there is no need for their daughters to go to school. Third, ,The reasons are as follows,Television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a
25、 comparatively cheap one. But_, television also has disadvantages, such as its effects on young people.,every coin has two sides,4.适当使用过渡性语句 如:The reasons are as follows. Every coin has two sides. All roads lead to Rome. As the result/survey shows. We can draw an conclusion.等,三、怎样使用恰当的连接词,四、学会运用复合句和
26、非谓语动词, Kate is a new student. She comes from a northern province. She speaks a dialect. We find it hard to understand her dialect.,Kate, a new student from a northern province, speaks a dialect which we find hard to understand.,用一句话表达,不是人人都能学好英语，小学生同时学汉语和英语反而会影响汉语学习。,四、学会运用复合句和非谓语动词,第一步：拆分成几个简单句,不是人
27、人都能学好英语。小学生同时学汉语和英语。这会影响汉语学习。,第二步：分别翻译这几个简单句, Not everyone is good at learning English., Children from primary school learn English and Chinese at the same time., This will affect their Chinese study., Not everyone is good at learning English., Children from primary school start to learn English and
28、 Chinese at the same time., This will affect their Chinese study.,第三步：合并句子,That children from primary school start to learn English and Chinese at the same time will affect their Chinese study,because not everyone is good at learning English., Not everyone is good at learning English., Children from
29、 primary school start to learn English and Chinese at the same time., This will affect their Chinese study.,第三步：合并句子,If children from primary school start to learn English and Chinese at the same time, this will affect their Chinese study,方法2：,because not everyone is good at learning English.,四、学会运用
30、复合句和非谓语动词,你来试试,参考词汇：错别字: wrongly-written characters网络语言：web language,要求：1. 用两句话表达表格内容 2. 两句话要有连贯性,第一句（两个信息点）： 1. 学生作文中出现很多错别字 2.（他们）上网聊天时经常使用网络语言。, There are many wrongly-written characters in students compositions.,The reason why there are many wrongly-written characters in students composition is
31、that they often use web languages when chatting on line.,合并句子：, They often use web languages when chatting on line.,1. They have so much homework to do every day that they fail to memorize the new characters,第二句:1. 每天有很多作业做 2. 没有记住生字。, They have much homework to do every day.,2. With so much homewor
32、k to do, they fail to memorize the new characters.,3. Because they have so much homework to do, they fail to memorize the new characters.,合并句子：, They fail to memorize the new characters.,连接两句话： The reason why there are many wrongly-written characters in students composition is that they often use we
33、b languages when chatting on line. Moreover, they have so much homework to do every day that they fail to memorize the new characters.,练习一：1.众所周知，词汇就像建造大楼的砖块，是语言的重要组成部分。 (2010 江苏) a.As everybody knows, vocabulary is an important part of language, just like bricks in a building .b.It is well known th
34、at vocabulary is an important part of language, just like bricks in a building .c.What is known to all is that vocabulary is an important part of language, just like bricks in a building .,2.鼠标是一个有用的装置。人们用它来和电脑进行对话。 (2009 江苏) a. The mouse is a most effective device. It is used by people to communica
35、te with a computer.b. The mouse is a most effective device used by people to communicate with a computer. (过去分词短语作定语),3我站在讲台上，很窘迫，不知该怎么做。 (2009湖南) a. I stood on the platform, feeling embarrassed and not knowing what to do. b. I stood on the platform, felt embarrassed and didnt know what to do.c. I s
36、tood on the platform, and I felt so embarrassed that I didnt know what to do.,4.我认为，仅仅送给父母贵重的礼物是不对的。 (2006江西)a. I dont think it good only to provide our parents with expensive gifts. b. In my opinion, it is not good only to provide our parents with expensive gifts.c. We only provide our parents with
37、 expensive gifts, which is not good.,书面表达真题：(A),15分,Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school !, This village is a small one with/which has nearly 100 families and about 500 people.,It used to be very poor., However,it has changed a lot since 1978 ,and has been developing very fast.,People here li
38、ve a much better life than before .,15分与25分差距对比：,Now it is taking,on a new look.,In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldnt afford to go to school. ,But now it has been rebuilt and, which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village.,All the school-age children c
39、an study here., Whats more,they enjoy free education., May you enjoy your stay here,the newly built teaching building,/ May you have a pleasant time here!,Thank you.,Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school ! This village is a small one with/which has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It
40、used to be very poor. However, it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast. People here live a much better life than before . Now it is taking on a new look. In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldnt afford to go to school. But now it has been rebuil
41、t and the newly built teaching building which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village. All the school-age children can study here. Whats more, they enjoy free education. May you enjoy your stay here / May you have a pleasant time here! Thank you.,书面表达: (C) 你的英国朋友正在做一个课题：世界各地的生日庆祝方式。他请
42、你介绍中国学生过生日的方式。请你根据以下要点写一篇短文：（一）通常方式：1. 生日聚会 2. 生日礼物 3. 生日祝福（二）我认为更有意义的庆祝方式和理由词数：100-120,Now students in China celebrate their birthdays in many ways. Usually, a party is held. Best friends and relatives will come to the party. They usually buy a gift. They show their best wishes. Sometimes, people s
43、end short messages too and it is becoming very popular. But I think that its better to help other people. We know that its important to learn to help other people. Helping other people can do us a lot of good. People will help you because youve helped them and youll be happy,Improve this composition
44、, try!,( 1) Now students in China celebrate their birthdays in many ways. Usually, a party is held. Best friends and relatives will come to the party.（用where定语从句）(2) They usually buy a gift. They show their best wishes.（合并句子）(3)Sometimes, people send short messages too and it is becoming very popula
45、r （用which定语从句）. (4) But (替换） I think （替换） that its better to help other people.(5) We know that its important to learn to help others. Helping other people can do us a lot of good. (6) People will help you in return and youll be happy （用For one thing, For another 替换）.,Nowadays students in China celebrate their birthdays in various ways.,Usually, a party is held where best friends as well as relatives can get together and have fun.,They usually buy a small gift with which to express their best wishes.,
