1、1Lesson 9 A cold welcomeOn Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall. It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock. It would strike twelve in twenty minutes time. Fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. The big mi
2、nute hand did not move. We waited and waited, but nothing happened. Suddenly someone shouted. Its two minutes past twelve! The clock has stopped! I looked at my watch. It was true. The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing.New words and expressi
3、ons 生词和短语welcome n. 欢迎； v. 欢迎 crowd n. 人 gather v. 聚集 hand n. （表或机器的）指针shout v. 喊叫 refuse v. 拒绝 laugh v. 笑参考译文星期三的晚上，我们去了市政厅。 那是一年的最后一天，一大群人聚集在市政厅的大钟下面。再过 20 分钟，大钟将敲响 12 下。15 分钟过去了，而就在 11 点 55 分时，大钟停了。那根巨大的分针不动了。 我们等啊等啊，可情况没有变化。突然有人喊道：“已经12 点零 2 分了！那钟已经停了！”我看了一下我的手表，果真如此。那座大钟不愿意迎接新年。此时，大家已经笑了起来，同时唱起
4、了歌。1. On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall. 星期三的晚上，我们去了市政厅。hall h:l n. 1. (also hallway) (AmE also entry) a space or passage inside the entrance or front door of a building 门厅；正门过道e.g. 她跑进门厅，冲上楼梯。She ran into the hall and up the stairs.(stair ste(r) n. 1. (stairs)pl. 楼梯 2. c 梯级) 2. (AmE al
5、so hallway) a passage in a building with rooms down either side(大楼内的)走廊 synonym: corridor krid:(r) n. (建筑物或火车内的) 走廊；走道，过道，通道e.g. 我沿着走廊直奔斯科特的办公室。I headed for Scotts office down the hall.(head v. +adv./prep to move in a particular direction 朝(某方向)行进)3. a building or large room for public meetings, mea
6、ls, concerts, etc. 礼堂；大厅e.g. 音乐厅；宴会厅；展览厅 a concert/banqueting hall / an exhibitioneksibin hall(banquet n. 1. 宴会；盛宴 2. 筵席 banqueting adj. 宴会的 )2. It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock. 那是一年的最后一天，一大群人聚集在市政厅的大钟下面。(1) crowd kraud n. 1. c+sing.
7、/pl.v. a large number of people gathered together in a public place, for example in the streets or at a sports game 人群；观众e.g. 一小群人聚集在教堂的外面。A small crowd had gathered outside the church.剧院里聚着一群一群的人。There were crowds of people at the theatre.2. c+sing./pl.v. (informal, often disapproving) a particular
8、 group of people 一伙人；一帮人 e.g. 我不喜欢大学生。I dont like the college crowd.3. (the crowd)(sometimes disapproving)ordinary people, not special or unusual in any way 群众；民众；老百姓；凡夫俗子e.g. 他宁愿做个凡夫俗子。He prefers to be one of the crowd.2follow the crowd, go with the crowd (informal)to be easily influenced and to do
9、 what most people do in a particular situation 附和群众；随大流：e.g. 他想做什么就做什么而不是随大流的。He does what he wants-he doesnt just follow the crowd.Vt. 1. to fill a place so there is little room to move 挤满；塞满；使拥挤e.g. 成千上万的人把狭窄的街道挤得水泄不通。Thousands of people crowded the narrow streets.2. to fill your mind so that you
10、can think of nothing else 涌上(心头)；涌入( 脑海)e.g. 往事涌上他的心头。Memories crowded his mind.(2) had gathered 为过去完成时，表示过去某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。(3) gather 1) vt. 使集拢，集合，召集：e.g. 他在自己周围聚集了一大群人。He gathered a large crowd of people round him.2) vt. 收集，采集，收(庄稼等 )：e.g. 孩子们在外面地里采花。The children are out in the field gathering flow
11、ers.收集所有这些书花了我一辈子的时间。It has taken me a lifetime to gather all these books.3) vi. 集拢，聚集，集合：e.g. 他们聚集在市政厅的大钟下面。They gathered under the Town Hall clock.3. It would strike twelve in twenty minutes time. 再过 20 分钟，大钟将敲响 12 下。(1) 这句话的时态为过去将来时。(2) strike 的基本含义是“打” 、 “击”：e.g. 她打了那人的脸。She struck the man in th
12、e face.当用于钟、乐器等东西时，它有“敲” 、 “弹”的含义：e.g. 我进屋时，钟敲响了 5 点。When I entered the room, the clock struck five.strike straik v. (struck strk, struck)(AmE also struck, strickenstrikn)/n.1. to show the time by making a ringing noise (钟）敲，鸣，报时e.g. 时钟刚刚敲过三点。 The clock has just struck three.我进屋时，钟敲响了 5 点。When I ent
13、ered the room, the clock struck five.2.vt.(formal) to hit sb./sth hard or with force 撞；碰；撞击；碰撞：e.g. 船触礁了。The ship struck a rock.树遭到雷击。The tree was struck by lightning. 那块石头击中了她的额头。 The stone struck her on the forehead. f:hed 额；前额3. vi. (formal) to hit sb./sth. with your hand or a weapon 打；击e.g. 她打了那
14、人的脸。She struck the man in the face.他用拳头打桌子。He struck the table with his fist.4. vi. to refuse to work as a protest (n. prutest u,c抗议；反对)罢工e.g. 工会投票决定罢工。The union has voted to strike.5. vt. sb.(as sth.)to give sb. a particular impression 给(某人以)印象；让(某人)觉得e.g. 你觉得这房间如何？How does the room strike you?他给我留
15、下的印象是他很聪明。He strikes me as being a very clever man.6.vt. (想法、主意等)突然出现在（某人的）脑海中e.g. 我突然想到，我们应该制定一个新方案。It suddenly struck me that we ought to make a new plan.37. vt. 攻击；袭击；侵袭e.g. 飓风袭击了该城市。A hurricane struck the city.(hurricane hrikn n. (尤指西大西洋的 )飓风 typhoon taifu:n n. 台风 tornado t:neidu (pl. oes or -os
16、)龙卷风，旋风 cyclone sakln n. 气旋；旋风)n. 1. 罢工；罢课；罢市e.g. 罢工持续了两个月。The strike lasted for two months.on strike not working because of a strike 在罢工e.g. 工人已罢工三星期了。The workers have been on strike for three weeks now.2. 军事进攻；袭击；(尤指) 空袭 e.g. 空袭 an air strike3.击；打；踢(3) in + 表示时间长度的短语可译为“时间之后” ，一般与将来时连用：e.g. 请在此稍候。
17、杰克几分钟之后就回来。Please wait a moment here. Jack will be back in a few minutes.4. Fifteen minutes passed and then, at five to twelve, the clock stopped. 15 分钟过去了，而就在 11 点 55 分时，大钟停了。pass/pa:s/ v.1. 给，递，传递（pass sth. to sb /pass sb. sth.)e.g.请把盐递过来。Pass the salt , please.2. (时间) 推移；逝去e.g. 三个月过去了，我们仍然没有他们的音讯
18、。Three months passed and we still had no news of them.3. 消磨；度过，打发(时间)e.g. 我们借唱歌消磨时间。We sang songs to pass the time.pass away (婉辞，指去世)亡故e.g. 他母亲去年去世了。 His mother passed away last year.5. The big minute hand did not move. 那根巨大的分针不动了。hand n. 1. c 手e.g. 知道答案就举手。Put your hand up if you know the answer.2.
19、 (a hand)(informal) help in doing sth 帮助；协助e.g. 我来帮你拎那些包吧。Let me give you a hand with those bags. (=help you to carry them)邻居们总是乐于帮助。The neighbours are always willing to lend a hand.3. (in sth) the part or role that sb./sth. plays in a particular situation; sbs influence in a situation角色；作用；影响e.g. 他
20、的几位同事对他的下台起了作用。Several of his colleagues had a hand in his downfall.(downfall daunf:l n. 衰落；衰败，垮台；衰落 (或衰败、垮台 )的原因)4. c(usually in compounds) a part of a clock or watch that points to the numbers(钟表的)指针e.g. 我手表的分针断了。The minute hands broken on my watch.(时针：the hour hand 秒针：the second hand)5. c a perso
21、n who does physical work on a farm or in a factory(农场或工厂的) 体力劳动者，工人手背 the back of the hand ; 领着某人 lead sb. by the hand 帮助某人 give sb. a hand4举手 raise ones hand/ put up ones hand 挥手 wave ones hand 握手 shake hands (with sb.)on the one handon the other hand(引出不同的；尤指树立的观点、思想等)一方面另一方面v. (sth to sb. / sb. s
22、th.) to pass or give sth. to sb.交；递；给：e.g. 她把信交给我。She handed the letter to me. / She handed me the letter.6. We waited and waited, but nothing happened. 我们等啊等啊，可情况没有变化。动词 happen 作“发生” 、 “出现”讲时，主语是物：e.g. 你听说今天上午萨姆发生了什么事了吗？Have you heard what happened to Sam this morning?昨晚发生了一件有趣的事。An interesting thi
23、ng happened last night.7. Suddenly someone shouted. Its two minutes past twelve! The clock has stopped!突然有人喊道：“已经 12 点零 2 分了！那钟已经停了！”(1) shout aut v. / n.v. 1. (sth)(at/to sb.)/(at sb. to do sth)to say sth in a loud voice; to speak loudly/angrily to sb.大声说；叫；嚷；斥责；怒骂：e.g. vi. 我大声呼救，但没人来。I shouted for
24、 help but nobody came.她大声吆喝他把大门关上。She shouted at him to shut the gate.Vt. 高声命令/鼓励 to shout orders/encouragementV+that 他大叫他不会游泳。He shouted that he couldnt swim.2.vi. (out) to make a loud noise 呼叫；喊叫：e.g. 她想动动腿，结果疼得大叫起来。She shouted out in pain when she tried to move her leg.n. a loud cry of anger, fea
25、r, excitement, etc. (愤怒、害怕、激动等的 )呼喊，喊叫声e.g. 气愤/痛苦的叫喊 a shout of anger/pain(2) past adv. 1. from one side of sth to the other 从一侧到另一侧，穿过e.g. 他没有停下来，只径直地走了过去。He didnt stop-he just walked straight past.2.used to describe time passing（时间）过去，逝去e.g. 一个星期过去了，情况毫无变化。A week went past and nothing had changed.
26、adj. 1. gone by in time 过去的，昔日的e.g. 在过去的岁月 in past years讨论的时间已过。The time for discussion is past.2. only before noungone by recently; just ended 刚过去的；刚结束的e.g. 近几周来我很少见到她。I havent seen much of her in the past few weeks.3. only before nounbelonging to an earlier time 从前的；以往的e.g. 根据过去的经验，我想他可能把时间忘了。From
27、 past experience Id say hed probably forgotten the time.n. 1. (the past)过去，昔日；过去的事情e.g. 过去我常去那里。 I used to go there often in the past.2. c a persons past life or career(某人)过去的经历( 或事业)e.g. 我们对他的过去一无所知。We dont know anything about his past.prep. 51. (AmE also after) later than sth.晚于；在之后e.g. 两点半 half p
28、ast two2. on or to the other side of sb./sth.在另一边；到另一侧e.g. 我们就住在挨着教堂那边的房子里。We live in the house just past the church.3. above or further than a particular point or stage 多于；超过e.g. 这些花已过了盛开的季节。The flowers are past their best.8. I looked at my watch. It was true. 我看了一下我的手表，果真如此。9. The big clock refuse
29、d to welcome the New Year. 那座大钟不愿意迎接新年。这句话中的两个动词 refuse 和 welcome 在一般情况下主语都是人，我们可以说:e.g. 苏珊从国外回来时，她的朋友们用鲜花欢迎她。Susans friends welcomed her with flowers when she returned from abroad.在书上的这句话中，用大钟作主语是一种拟人手法。(1) refuse (1) vt. 拒绝(接受、服从等)：e.g. 她拒绝接受这份礼物。She refused the gift.(2) vt. 拒不，不肯，不愿：e.g. 玛丽不愿说出自己
30、的年龄。Mary refused to tell her age.约翰拒不改变主意。John refused to change his mind.(3) vi. 拒绝，不接受：e.g. 对于他的帮助我提出给他报酬，但他拒绝了。I offered to pay him for his help, but he refused.(2)welcome welkm v., adj., noun., exclamation/ ,eksklmein /verb.1. vt., vi.sb. (to sth) to greet sb. in a friendly way when they arrive
31、somewhere 欢迎(到达的人) ；迎接e.g. vt. 他们在门口迎接我们。They were at the door to welcome us.很高兴欢迎您光临舍下。It is a pleasure to welcome you to our home.vi. 欢迎的微笑 a welcoming smile2. vt. to be pleased that sb. has come or has joined an organization, activity, etc. 欢迎(新来的人) ；迎新：e.g. 他们热烈欢迎这些新的自愿者。They welcomed the new vo
32、lunteers with open arms.(=with enthusiasm) 3. vt. to be pleased to receive or accept sth. 乐意接纳；欣然接受e.g. 任何建议我都会愉快地接受。Id welcome any suggestions.我热烈欢迎这一决定。I warmly welcome this decision.adj. 1. that you are pleased to have, receive, etc. 令人愉快的；受欢迎的e.g. 天气转晴，令人心旷神怡。The fine weather made a welcome chan
33、ge.2. (of people) accepted or wanted somewhere 受欢迎的；受款待的e.g. 儿童在旅馆里总是受到款待。Children are always welcome at the hotel.n. c, u (尤指热情的)迎接，接待；欢迎e.g. 感谢你们的热情接待。Thank you for your warm welcome.Exclamation used as a greeting to a person who is arriving(迎接他人的招呼语)欢迎e.g. 欢迎归来！Welcome home!欢迎您来到北京！Welcome to Bei
34、jing！610. At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing. 此时，大家已经笑了起来，同时唱起了歌。Grammar in use1. 引导时间状语的介词 in, on, at, during, till 与 until1) 用 in 的时间短语有：表示一天中的某段时间： e.g. 在早上 in the morning 在下午/晚上 in the afternoon/evening表示月份、年份： e.g. 在 3 月 in march 在 9 月 in September 在 1984 年 in 1984表示季节：e.g. 在春天 i
35、n (the) spring 在冬天 in (the) winterin+一段时间有两种含义。它可以表示“在某段时间之内” ，这时它可以与现在时、过去时或将来时连用，一般与完成某个动作有关：e.g. 我总是在 10 分钟之内吃完早饭。I always eat/have my breakfast in ten minutes.我在两小时之内做完了考题。I finished the examination in two hours.另外，它还可以表示“时间之后” ，与将来时连用：e.g. 母亲 10 天后回来。Mother will be back in ten days.2) 用 on 的时间短
36、语有：表示星期：e.g. 星期一 on Monday 星期五 on Friday 在星期一早上/晚上 on Monday morning/evening表示日期：e.g. 在 6 月 1 日 on June 1st 在 3 月 23 日 on 23rd March/ on March 23rd(在书写日期时没有冠词，但在口语中则分别读为：on June the first, on the 23 rd of March)on March (the) 23rd表示星期+日期：e.g. 在 6 月 1 日，星期一 on Monday, June 1st表示具体时间：e.g. 在那一天 on that
37、 day 在那天晚上 on that evening我哥哥的生日是 8 月 12 日。My brothers birthday is on August 12th. 3)用 at 的时间短语有：表示确切的时间：e.g. 在 10 点钟 at 10 oclock 在 5 点钟 at 5 oclock表示用餐时间：e.g. 在午饭/ 正餐时间 at lunch/dinner time 在茶点时间 at teatime 表示其他时刻：e.g. 在中午/夜里 /半夜 at noon/night/midnight 在这时 at this time玛丽 10 点/在茶点时来看我了。 Mary came t
38、o see me at ten/teatime.4) during 后必须跟一个名词，可以指整个一段时间。它有时可以用 in 替代：e.g. 那年夏天很热。It was very hot during the summer.在这半小时内他打了四次电话。He has phoned four times during the last half hour.但在下面的例句中则不可用 in 代替 during：e.g. 我是在这一周的某天遇见他的。I met him sometime during the week.整个冬季一直没下雪。During the whole winter it never
39、snowed.5) fromtill指一段明确的时间：e.g. 旅游季节从 6 月一直到 10 月。The tourist season runs from June till October.(tourist n. 旅游者；观光者；游客 e.g. 旅游业：the tourist industry =tourism trzm u)7(run vi. (for sth) 持续；延续)6) 当所用动词只表示一个短暂的动作( 如 finish, leave)时，则只能在否定句中用 till/until:e.g. 我要到星期一才离开。I wont leave till/until Monday.2.
40、否定句的两种形式：not any 与 no对于一般疑问句，可以有两种否定的回答：e.g. -你有时间吗？Have you got any time?-我没有时间。I havent got any time. / Ive got no time.否定词 no 比 not any 的语气要强，但这两种否定的意义是相同的。no 可构成复合词 nobody, none, nothing, nowhere; any 可构成复合词 anybody, anything 和 anywhere:e.g. 你见到谁了吗？Have you seen anyone?-我谁也没见到。Ive seen no one/nobody. / I havent seen anyone/anybody.-你今天干了什么吗？Have you done anything today?-我今天什么也没干。Ive done nothing. / I havent done anything.在一个句子中通常只能有一个否定词(包括 never, hardly 等词)：e.g. 我买不到鸡蛋。I cant get any eggs. / I can get no eggs.而除黑人英语外一般不说：I cant get no eggs.
