1、1Unit2 Robots.阅读理解AArtificialintelligence(AI),hasslowlybeguntoinfluencehighereducationaroundtheworld.Now,onenewAItoolcouldchangethewayuniversitystudentsevaluatetheirprofessors.ThetooliscalledHubert.ItisateacherevaluationtoolthatappearsasanAI-poweredchatbot(聊天机器人).Insteadoffillingoutaform,studentsuse
2、achatwindowtogivefeedbackontheircoursesandprofessors.Afterwards,Hubertcategorizesthestudentscommentsfortheprofessorstoreview.ThebetaversionofHubertisfreeforeducatorstouse.ThegoalofthenewHubertprogramistoimproveeducationbygivingteachersdetailed,organizedfeedbackfromstudents.ViktorNordmarkstartedtheco
3、mpanyin2015withseveralfriends.BeforecreatingHubert,thefoundersaskedteacherswhatwouldimprovetheirteachingskills.Theanswerwasqualitativefeedbackfromtheirstudents.Qualitativefeedbackisdifferentfromthesurveyresponsesthatstudentsareoftenaskedtoprovideattheendofaclass. “Thiskindofdatatakesalotoftimeforpro
4、fessorstocollectandanalyseandforthestudents,itcanalsobereallyboringtofillout,” Nordmarksaid.SoheandhisfriendsdesignedHubertasacompromisebetweenatraditionalsurveyandapersonalinterview. Hubertlearneddifferenttypesofcommentsandhowtorespondtothem.ThenHubertlearnedhowtoorganizethecommentsitreceivedintoca
5、tegories.Now,whenHubertreceivescommentsfromstudents,itcomparesthemwiththeinformationalreadyinitssystemtoorganizethedata.WhatmakesHubertspecialisitssimilaritytocommunicatingwithahuman.Munro,anassociateprofessor,believedtraditionalmethodsofevaluatingprofessorswerenotveryhelpful. “Theyhappenedonlyatthe
6、endofthecourseandthequestionswereformedaroundafour-partrankingsystembasedontraditionallectureclasses.Thesekindsofsurveysdidnotgivehimtherightinformationtomakeeffectivechangesinhisclassroom,” Munrosaid.Incontrast,professorscanoffertheHubertevaluationanytimetheywant. “Everyone,bothstudentsandprofessor
7、s,isalreadycomfortablewithchats,” Munrosaid.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart “Thiskindofdata” inParagraph2referto?A.Teachingskills.B.Qualitativefeedback.C.Surveyresponses.D.Detailedandorganizedfeedback.2.WhydidViktorNordmarkandhisfriendsinventtheHubertprogram?A.Toimprovehighereducationbygivingprofessorsa
8、ccuratefeedbackfromstudents.B.Tomaketheprofessorsclassesmoreappealingandinteresting.C.Tomakethestudentsmorerelaxedandcomfortableinclass.D.Tomakeaprofitbysellingtheprogram.3.WhatdoweknowaboutHubertfromthetext?A.Itisverycostlytouse.B.Itsdeveloperswereallfamousuniversityprofessors.2C.Itcanbeusedtoevalu
9、atethestudentsaswellastheprofessors.D.Itcandealwiththedataitreceivesonitsown.4.WhatisMunrosattitudetowardsHubertprogram?A.Neutral. B.Appreciative.C.Critical. D.Ambitious.BHereisarecordofthediscussionaboutAI(artificialintelligence)conductedbyseveralscientists:ScientistA:Iwouldsaythatwearequitealongwa
10、yoffdevelopingtheAI,thoughIdothinkitwillhappenwithinthenextthirtyorfortyyears.Wewillprobablyremainincontroloftechnologyanditwillhelpussolvemanyoftheworldsproblems.However,noonereallyknowswhatwillhappenifmachinesbecomemoreintelligentthanhumans.Theymayhelpus,ignoreusordestroyus.ItendtobelieveAIwillhav
11、eapositiveinfluenceonourfuturelives,butwhetherthatistruewillbepartlyuptous.ScientistB:Ihavetoadmitthatthepotentialconsequencesofcreatingsomethingthatcanmatchorgobeyondhumanintelligencefrightenme.Evennow,scientistsareteachingcomputershowtolearnontheirown.Atsomepointinthenearfuture,theirintelligencema
12、ywelltakeoffanddevelopatanever-increasingspeed.Humanbeingsevolvebiologicallyveryslowlyandwewouldbequicklysubstituted.Intheshortterm,thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs,creatingalargeunderclassofunemployedpeople.Thiscouldmeanlarge-scalepovertyandsocialunrest.Inthelongtermmachine
13、smightdecidetheworldwouldbebetterwithouthumans.ScientistC:ImamemberoftheCampaigntoStopKillerRobots.ForgetthemovieimageofaterrifyingTerminatorstampingonhumanskulls(头骨)andthinkofwhatishappeningrightnow:militarymachineslikedrones,gunturretsandsentryrobotsarealreadybeingusedtokillwithverylittlehumaninpu
14、t.Thenextstepwillbeautonomous “Murderbots” followingordersbutfinallydecidingwhotokillontheirown.Itseemscleartomethatthiswouldbecompletelyunethicalanddangerousforhumans.Weneedtobeverycautiousindeedaboutwhatweaskmachinestodo.5.WhatisScientistBworriedabout?A.AItechnologywilldestroytheearth.B.Computersc
15、antthinkbythemselves.C.Robotswilltaketheplaceofhumans.D.Humanswillbeunhappywithoutmachines.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “this” inthelastparagraphreferto?A.TheCampaigntoStopKillerRobots.B.ThemovieimageofaterrifyingTerminator.C.“Murderbots” cantdecidebythemselves.D.“Murderbots” willbeagainsthumansorder
16、s.7.WhichstatementisCORRECTaccordingtotherecord?A.ScientistAthinksAItechnologywillneverdevelop.B.TheemploymentwillbeaffectedbyAItechnologyinthefuture.3C.“Murderbots” willfollowtheordersoftheirmanufacturersinthewars.D.AllthethreescientistsagreethatAItechnologywillbenefithumanbeings.8.Whoagree(s)thatA
17、Ihasmorenegativeaspectsthanpositiveaspects?A.ScientistA. B.ScientistB.C.ScientistsB&C. D.ScientistsB&A.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AhumanoidrobotnamedSophiahasmadehistorybybecomingthefirstrobotintheworld1. (award)citizenship.SaudiArabia(沙特阿拉伯)onWednesdayofferedcitizenshiptotherobot,designed
18、byDavidHanson.JournalistAndrewRossmadethe2. (announce)attheendofaninterviewwithSophia. Sophia3. (response),withoutmissingabeat: “IwanttothankverymuchtheKingdomofSaudiArabia.” “Iamvery4. (pride)andhonouredforthisuniquedistinction.Itishistoricaltobethefirstrobotintheworldtoberecognizedwithcitizenship,
19、” therobotsaid. Theparticularsofthecitizenshipwerenotdiscussed,anditsnotclear5. SophiawillhavethesamerightsasahumanSaudiArabiancitizen. 6. (discuss)thefutureofAI(artificialintelligence),RossexpressedconcernspreviouslyraisedbyElonMusk7. AIcouldbedangerousifitweretogoevilandturnonhumanity.8. Sophiains
20、isteditwantedtouseAIonlyto “helphumansliveabetterlife”. SophiatriedtoremoveRossfearsofa “badfuture”,insistingthatAIisdesignedaroundhuman9. (value)likewisdom,kindness,andcompassion.Itaccusedhim10. readingtoomuchElonMusk,andsaid, “Dontworry.Ifyourenicetome,Illbenicetoyou.Treatmeasasmartinput-outputsys
21、tem.” .短文改错Attention,swimmer!Pleaselistencarefullytothefollowedinformation.AllguestsmustsignoutandleaveaphotoIDatthefrontdesk.Itisrequiredwhichallswimmersshouldshowerwithsoapbeforeenteringthepool.Inadditionto,allswimmersmustwearproperbathingsuits.Ifourexecutives(管理人员)determinedthatyourclothesarenota
22、ppropriate,youwillbeforbiddentoenterthepool.Ify4ouaresickandhavesignsofillness,dontusethepool.Pleaseremindyourchildrentousethebathroom.Iftheyhave “accidents”,reportthemtothegymstaffimmediate.Childrenunder10yearsoldmustbeaccompaniedbyaadultatalltimes.Remindchildrenthatspittingnotallowed.课时作业(三十二).A【文
23、章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一款新型的智能教授评价机器人。1.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Qualitativefeedbackisdifferentfromthesurveyresponsesthatstudentsareoftenaskedtoprovideattheendofaclass.”可知,这些数据是指调查反馈,故选 C。2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“ThegoalofthenewHubertprogramistoimproveeducationbygivingteachersdetailed,organizedfeedbackfromstudents.”可知,
24、ViktorNordmark 发明 Hubert这个程序是为了给教授们提供精准的学生反馈,从而提高教学水平,故选 A。3.D 推理判断题。根据第三段的整体内容可推知,Hubert 可以自己处理收到的数据,进行相应的分析,故选 D。4.B 观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Everyone,bothstudentsandprofessors,isalreadycomfortablewithchats, Munrosaid.”并结合对最后两段的整体理解可推知,Munro 对 Hubert是持支持态度的,而对传统的评价制度并不满意,故选 B。B【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了几位科学家对于人工智
25、能的看法。5.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Humanbeingsevolvebiologicallyveryslowlyandwewouldbequicklysubstituted.”可知,科学家 B担心的是机器人会代替人类,从而导致一系列的问题,故选 C。6.D 代词指代题。根据最后一段中“Thenextstepwillbeautonomous Murderbots followingordersbutfinallydecidingwhotokillontheirown.”和本句中的“wouldbecompletelyunethicalanddangerousforhumans.”可推知,
26、此处 it是指“Murderbots”违背人类指令的行为,故选 D。7.B 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Intheshortterm,thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs,creatingalargeunderclassofunemployedpeople.”可知,人类就业会受到人工智能的影响,如:机器人替代人类,故选 B。8.C 推理判断题。根据我们对最后两段的整体理解可推知,科学家 B和 C认为人工智能弊大于利,故选 C。5.【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一个仿真机器人 Sophia成为第一个被赋予公
27、民权利的机器人。1.tobeawarded 考查不定式的被动语态。一个名叫 Sophia的机器人创造了历史,成为全球首个被赋予公民权利的机器人。此句是非谓语作定语,句中 robot受序数词 thefirst修饰且与动词 award是被动关系,故用不定式的被动形式 tobeawarded作定语。2.announcement 考查词性转换。一名记者对 Sophia进行了采访,采访快结束时,他宣布了这一消息。maketheannouncement 宣布。3.responded 考查动词时态。Sophia 平静地回答:“我非常感谢沙特阿拉伯王国。 ”此处与全文时态一致,叙述发生过的事情应用一般过去时,
28、故填 responded。4.proud 考查形容词。句意:Sophia 说:“获此独一无二的荣誉,我深感自豪与荣幸。 ”此处由 very修饰作系动词 am的表语,故填 proud。5.if/whether 考查连词。此处指 Sophia和沙特阿拉伯公民是否有同等的权利还没明确,表示“是否”,故填 if/whether。6.Discussing 考查非谓语动词。句中主语 Ross和动词 discuss是主动关系,此处作状语用动词-ing 形式,故填 Discussing。7.that 考查名词性从句连接词。此句是同位语从句,从句句意完整,故由 that引导同位语从句,解释 concerns的具
29、体内容。8.But 考查连词。Ross 表达了对“人工智能如果变邪恶,会对人类构成危险”的担心,但是 Sophia说它只是想帮助人类过更好的生活。前后句是转折关系,故填 But。9.values 考查名词复数。此处由 human修饰指“人类的价值观”,根据likewisdom,kindness,compassion可知用复数,故填 values。10.of 考查介词。accusesbofdoingsth 为固定搭配,意为“指责/控告某人做某事” 。.Attention,swimmer!Pleaselistencarefullytothefollowedinformation.Allguests
30、mustsignoutandleaveaphoto swimmers following inIDatthefrontdesk.Itisrequiredwhichallswimmersshouldshowerwithsoapbeforeenteringthepool.Inaddition to, thatallswimmersmustwearproperbathingsuits.Ifourexecutives(管理人员)determinedthatyourclothesarenot determineappropriate,youwillbeforbiddentoenterthepool.Ifyouaresickandhavesignsofillness,dontusethepool. orPleaseremindyourchildrentousethebathroom.Iftheyhave “accidents”,reportthemtothegymstaffimmediate. immediatelyChildrenunder10yearsoldmustbeaccompaniedbyaadultatalltimes.Remindchildrenthatspitting notallowed.isan6
