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国际音标发音规则大全.doc

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1、国际音标发音规则大全一、26 个英文字母及发音音标如下: A a ei B b bi: C c si: D d di: E e i: F f ef G g di: H h eitI i ai J j dei K k kei L l el M m em N n en O o P p pi: Q q kju: R r : S s es T t ti: U u ju: V v vi: W w dblju:X x eks Y y wai Z z zi: / zed二、以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如: 1)含元音音素ei 字母: Aa Hh Jj Kk 音标: ei eit d

2、ei kei 2) 含元音音素i: 字母: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv 音标: bi: si: di: i: di: pi: ti: vi: 3) 含元音音素e 字母: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz 音标: ef el em en es eks zed 4) 含元音字母 Uu 或元音音素u: 字母: Uu Qq Ww 音标: ju: kju: dblju:5) 含元音音素ai 字母: Ii Yy 音标: ai wai6) Dont forget Oo / and Rr/:/三、区别元音字母 Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu 与元音二十个音素。不定冠词 a 放在辅音开

3、头的词前;an 放在元音开头的词前。大多数元音字母开头的词,一般发元音,但有些就不是,如字母 Uu, 单词 useful, university, European 等。一般辅音字母开头的词发辅音,但有些就不是,如 hour, honest 这两个单词中 h 都不发音。如:1) an Aa / Ee / Ii / Oo, an Ll / Ss / Xx / Rr an orange/apple/egg/ English teacher/ eraser / ID card/ 11-year-old boy; an hour a 一小时,an honest man 一个诚实的人(这儿的 h 不发音

4、)an 8-year-old boy 一位八岁的男孩 an egg an eraser2) a Uu/ Bb / Pp a useful jU:sfulbook 一本有用的书(这儿 u 第一个音发/ j/) a universityju:nv:st 一座大学 a Europeanju:rpn man 一位欧州人如:There is an “r” and a “u”in the word “ruler”.He is an English teacher. Hell be back in half an hour. I eat an apple and a pear every day.四、英语国

5、际音标表(48 个)长元音 i: u: a: 单元音(12 个)短元音 i u e 元音 (20 个)双元音(8 个) ai ei i i u au 辅音(28 个)10 对(20 个)清辅音 p t k f s tr ts五、国际音标和英语字母在书写方面的联系从音标到字母和字母组合、单元音: i: e:he she me we these Chinese Japaneseea:tea eat meat sea ee:see tree meet green teenei:receive ey:key i:police policeman policewoman machineeo:people

6、ie:piece field believe thief: a:orange cabbageay:Sunday holidaye:begin English pretty cinema ey:monkey volleyballi:it is in big thisy:city very sorryu:busyui:build building ai:captain mountain certainly浊辅音 b d g v z d dr dz鼻音(3 个) m n 似拼音(3 个) h r l 半元音(2 个) w j 前元音 /i:/ / /e/ /后元音 /:/ / /:/ / /U:/中

7、元音 / / /:/ /双元音 /e/ /a/ / / /a/ / /e/ /爆破音 /p/ /b/ / t/ /d/ / k/ /g/摩擦音 /f/ /v/ / / /s/ /z/ / / / r/ / h/破擦音 /ts/ /dz/ /tr/ /dr/ /t/ /d/鼻辅音 /m/ /n/ /舌侧音 / /半元音 / j/ / w/e: a:any many anyone anything anybody anywhereai:said paiday:says e:pen bed yes egg deskea:bread head breakfastu:bury:a:bag am and

8、at sad happy handsome:a:class banana father afteral:half palm calmar:car far park arm star partyau:aunt laughear:heart : o: come none love other mother another some money honeyoo:blood floodou:touch country enough young u:bus sun but cut up us mutton:ear:learn earth early hearder:her term ir:first g

9、irl bird skirt sir thirdor 在 / w/后:work word world worse worstur:nurse turn hurt Thursdayyr:myrtle our:journalist journal:a:along about banana Canada Chinae:student open children different differentlyi:holiday Aprilo:today welcome policeu:minus autumner:father mother brother sister player singer win

10、ner meteror:doctor forget mirror color visitor actorar:sugar grammarre:metre tired fireou:delicious previousur:surprise Saturdayour:colour ure:picture pleasure nature future temperatureoar:cupboard yr:martyr satyru:ew:flew grew review blew threwo:do to who whose whomoo:too zoo food pool boot schoolo

11、u:soup group throughu:blue glue Juneui:fruit juiceoe:shoe :o:woman wolfoo:book look good footoul:could would shouldu:put sugar full push:(w)a:want wash watch whato:hot on not sorry dogou:cough au:Australia: (w)a:wateral:all ball call fall hall mall small talk tall wall walk(w)ar:warm quarter warau:A

12、ugust autumn daughter caught taughtaw:draw saw lawoor:door floorore:more beforeor:or for short sportou:bought brought thought foughtour:four yourawe:awe awed awelessoar:board blackboard cupboard keyboardo:story、双元音:a:i:time like nice fine five writey:my by whyi(g):sign high light right ie:die lie ti

13、e(5)ei: heighte:a:name cake game face placeai:rain train wait straightay: day may okay play today yesterdayei:veil veinei(gh):eight eighteen eightyey:theyea:great break:e:zero cereal seriousea:real really idea cerealere:here ear:ear dear hear near cleareer:beer deer pioneer:o:go no nose homeow:show

14、know yellow windowoa:goat boat coatou:shoulder though althoughoe:woe:ure:sure oor:poor our:tour tourista:ou:out about house blouse mouse mouthow:how now cow bowe:air:air hair chair fair unfairare:care hare parent careful carefullyear:pear wear bearere:there whereeir:their theirsa:Mary:oi:oil toilet

15、boil soil joinoy:boy toy employee、辅音:清浊成对辅音:p-b t-d k-g f-v s-z - - ts-dz t-d tr-dr清音浊化:清辅音p t k tr等在s后重读时由送气音变为不送气音,即发其浊辅音b d g dr,但音标仍写成清辅音。如:sportsp :t,studentstju:dnt , skyska, streetstri:t。但弱读时s后的清辅音仍读请辅音,不读相对的浊辅音。如:hostesshsts。p:p:pen map help cheap pencil paperpp:apple happy appearb:b:bag by

16、bed boy bus bluebb:rabbit cabbaget:t:ten time not get tablett:bottle bottom little prettyed:watched washed cooked helped danced dressed laughedd:d:desk door day dog dd:add daddy middleed:played cleaned climbed answered arrived called studied emptied enjoyed criedk:c:cat come cut clock cry picture bl

17、occc: occasion according occupy acclaim ch:school Christmas chemistry technology stomachk:book bike cake kite Kate lookck:black duck clock jacket cockq:Iraq coq que:unique techniqueg:g:go girl big getgg:egg bigger biggestgu:guess guestgue:dialogue gh:ghyll ghostf: f:five fish fine family fifteenph:p

18、hoto phone elephant photograph physicsgh:laugh enoughff:off coffeev:v:very five havef:ofs:c:nice city cycle bicycles:sit six some bus use us desk booksss:miss class glass grasssc:science scientist sceneps:psalm psywarz:s:is his please music lose husband appleses:leaves thieves knives wives cities co

19、untriesz:zoo zerozz:buzz:th:three thank month thin math:th:this the with than clothes clothingthe:breathe soythe: sh:she shoe short shop washs:sure Asiac: special sufficient delicioust:station national patient collectionss:Russia professionch:machine:s:usually television pleasurez:seizurege:garagets

20、:ts:shirts hurts coats costs goats itsts:Lets its thats whatstes:kites gates dateszz:pizzadz:ds:beds birds hands friendsdes:decidest:ch:chair much lunch Chinatch:watch catch matcht: picture question future natural nature d:g(e):age page huge orangeg:gentle gentleman generaldge:bridge porridge judgej

21、:jump jacket just June Jim Julych:sandwichtr:tr:tree trip try true truth trulydr:dr:dress drive hundred children 、单个辅音:h:h:he her have hand head hair(w)h:who whom whose wholel:l:let look please lake people untilll:tell full till bell(t)l(e):whistler: r:red right threerr:sorry worry hurry carry carro

22、t(w)r:write wrongm:m:man meat meet timemm:common communicatem(b):climb lambm(n):autumn n:n:name nice nine near under(k)n:know knifenn:Ann(m)n:mnemonics:ng:sing long young morningn(k):thank think ink pinkn(g):Englishw:w:we window work walkw(h):what why where white whenj:y:yes you year yellowj:Jensen

23、ja hallelujah jaapi:onion review million billion brilliant behaviore:Europe European五、国际音标和英语字母在读音方面的联系从字母和字母组合到音标.元音字母 a 及 a+其他字母的读音a 在重读开音节中读 e:name cake game face a 在重读闭音节中读 : bag am and at sad a 在辅音字母 s,th,f,n,p,h 前读 ::class fast grasp ask father after dance grapha 在w后读或 ::want what waterw :ta 在

24、 ny 前读e:any manya 弱读时读:along about banana Canada Chinaa 在非重读音节中读 :orange cabbagea 读e:Maryai 读e:rain train waitai 读:captain ai 读e:saiday 读e:day may okay play todayay 弱读读:Sunday holidayay 读e:saysair 读e :air hair chairal 在多数辅音字母前读 :(f,m 除外):all ball call fall hall mall small talk tall wallal 还读: l(特别当后

25、面不是 k,f,m 时):also saltal 在辅音字母 f,m 前读::half palmar 在重读音节中读: ::car far park arm starar 在 w后读 ::warm quarterar 弱读读:sugarare 读e:care hare parentass 在重读音节中读:s:class glass grass passau 在重读音节中读 ::August autumn daughterau 读:Australiaau 还读作::aunt laughaw 在重读音节中读 ::draw saw lawawe 读: :awe awed aweless. 元音字母

26、e 及 e+其他字母的读音e 在重读开音节中读 i::he she me wee 在重读闭音节中读 e:pen bed yes egg deske 在非重读音节中读 :begin English pretty cinemae 弱读读:student open children differente 读:zero hero seriouse 读j:Europeea 在重读音节中读i::tea eat meatea 读e:bread head breakfastea 读e:great breakea 读:real really idea cerealear 读::learn earth early

27、 heardear 读e:pear wear bearear 读 :ear dear hear near clear nearly nearbyear 读::hearted 在大部分清辅音后读 t(t除外):watched washed cooked helped danceded 在元音和浊辅音后读 d(d除外):played cleaned climbed answered arrived aired boiled emptied enjoyed crieded 在td后读d:wanted neededee 在重读音节中读i::see tree seeeer 读 :beer deer pi

28、oneerei 读i::receiveei 读e:veil veinei 在 gh 前读e :eight eighteen eightyeir 读e :their theirseo 读i::peopleer 在重读闭音节中读::her termer 在非重读音节中读:father mother brother sisterere 读 :hereere 读e:there wherees 在浊辅音(z d 除外)及元音后, es 发z:leaves thieves knives wivespotatoes tomatoes heroes Negroes goes does families sto

29、rieses 在sztd后读 z:buses blouses dishes garages watches orangesew 读ju: :new newspaper reviewew 在 l,r,j 后读u: :flew grew Jewex 读eks :exercise exitex 读ks:excle expensive extinctex 读gz:exam examination exactlyey 读i::keyey 读:monkey valleyey 读e:they. 元音字母 i 及 i+其他字母的读音i 在重读开音节中读a:time like ricei 在重读闭音节中读:bi

30、g six siti 读i::police policeman policewoman machinei 弱读读:holiday Aprili 在非重读音节中读:taxii 读j:onion review million billion brilliant behaviori 在元音字母 a,e,o 前读a:dialogue quiet pioneeri 在 g 前读a:sign high light righti 在 nd 前读a:find behindi 在 ld 前读a:childi 在 re 前读a:fire tired retire ie 在重读音节中辅音字母前读i::piece f

31、ield believe thiefie 在重读音节词词尾读a :lie dieir 在重读音节中读::bird girl first.元音字母 o 及 o+其他字母的读音o 在重读开音节中读: go no nose homeo 在辅音字母 st,ld 前读:post oldo 在重读闭音节中读:hot on not sorryo 读 ::storyo 在辅音字母 m,n,v 和 th 前读:come none love othero 读u::do to whoo 在 w 后读:woman wolfo 在非重读音节中读:today policemanoa 在重读音节中读 : boat coat

32、oar 读: :board blackboard cardboardoar 读:cupboardoe 读:woeoe 读u: :shoeoi 读:oil toilet boil soiloo 一般读u ::too zoo food pool boot schooloo 在 d,k 和少数 t 前读:book look good footoo 读:blood floodoor 读: :door flooroor 读:pooror 在重读音节中读: :or for short sportor 在w后读::work word worldor 读:doctor forget mirrorore 读:

33、:more beforeou 在多数情况下读a: out about house blouseou 在 ght 前读::bought brought thoughtou 读:touch country enough youngou 读u ::soup group throughou 读:shoulder thoughou 读 :coughou 读:delicious previousoul 读:could would shouldour 读: :four yourour 读::journalist journalour 读:colourour 读:tourour 读a :our hourow

34、读a:how now cowow 读:show know yellow windowowe 或 ower 读a :towel floweroy 读:boy toy employee. 元音字母 u 及 u+其他字母的读音u 在重读开音节中读ju: : student Tuesdayu 在重读闭音节中读:bus sun but cut up usu 处于开音节位置,又在辅音字母 j,l,r,s 后读u:: June fluency February Sueu 在重读闭音节中还读:put sugar full pushu 在非重读音节中读:minus autumnu 读:busy minuteu

35、读e:buryui 读ju:或j,ju::suit suicide l,r,j+ui 时,ui 读作u: 或,u::sluise fruit juice fluid ruin ui 读:build buildingur 在重读音节中读::nurse turn hurt Thursdayur 读:surprise Saturdayure 读 :sureure 在非重读音节中读:picture pleasureure 在重读音节中读j:cure.21 个辅音字母及辅音字母组合的读音b 读b:bag by bed boy bus bluebt,mb 在词尾时,b 不发音:debt climb com

36、bbb 读b:rabbit cabbagec 在字母 e,i,y 前读s:nice city cyclec 在字母 a,o,u,l,r,t 前或在音节末尾读 k:cat come cut clock cry picture blocc+ia,ie,io 时,c 读:special sufficient deliciouscc+a,o,u 或 l 时,cc 读k:occasion according occupy acclaimcc+e,i 时,cc 读ks :accept accidentch 读t:chair much lunch Chinach 读k:school Christmas ch

37、emistry technique technology stomachch 读:machinech 读d:sandwichck 读k:black duck clock jacket cockd 读d:desk door day dogdd 读d:add daddy middledge 读d:bridge porridge judgedr 读dr:dress drive hundred childrends 读dz:beds birds hands friendsdes 读dz :decidesf 读f :five fish fine family fifteenf 读v:offf 读f:of

38、f coffeeften 读fn:ofteng 读g:go girl big getg 在 e 前读d:age page huge orangeg 读d:gentle gentleman generalgg 读g:egg bigger biggestge 读:garagegh 在 i,ei,ai,ou,au 后不发音: right eight straight bought daughtergh 读f:laugh enoughgh 在词首时,读g:ghyll ghostgn,gm 在词尾时,g 常无声:sign phlegmgu 在词首读g:guessgu 在词中读gw :languagegu

39、e 在词尾读 g:dialogueh 读h:he her have hand head hairh 不发音:hour honestwh 读w:what why where whitewh 在 o 前读h:who whom whosegh 在词首时,h 不发音:ghyll ghostj 读d:jump jacket just June Jimj 读j:Jensen ja hallelujah jaapk 读k:book bike cake kite Kate lookkn 在词首时,k 不发音:know knifel 读l:let look please lake peoplell 读l:tel

40、l full till bellm 读m:man meat meet timemb 在词尾时,读m,b 常无声:climb combmm 读m:common mn 在词首读n:mnemonicsmn 在词中时,读mn:columnistmn 在词尾时,n 常无声:autumn columnn 读n:name nice nine near undern 在kg前读:pink Englishn 在 k 后读n:know knifen 在 m 后读n:mnemonicsnn 读n:Annng 在词尾读:sing long young morningng 在词中读g:English fingernk

41、读k:thank think ink pinkp 读p:pen map help cheap pencil paperpp 读p:apple happy appearph 读f:photo phone elephant photographps 在词首时,p 常不发音:psalm psywarq 读k:Iraq coqqu 在词首读kw :queen quickque 在词尾读 k:unique techniquer 读r :red right threerr 读r:sorry worry hurry carry carrotwr 读 r:write wrongs 在词首读s:sit six

42、somes 在清辅音后读s:books likess 在浊辅音和元音后读z :apples windowss 读z(尤其是在两个元音字母之间):his is please music元音字母+s+无音 e: n.,adj.读s:base usev.读z:lose use词中的 s,其后跟清辅音字母时,s 读s,其后跟浊辅音字母时,s 读z:desk husbands 读:sure Asias 读:usually television pleasuresion 读 n: television decisionsten 读s n:listenstle 读stl:whistlesure 读:plea

43、suresc+i,e,y 读s:science scene scythesc+a,o,u 读sk:scarf score scudss 读s:miss class glass grassss 读:Russia professionssion 读n:expressionsh 读:she shoe short shop washt 读t:ten time not get tablet 读t:picture questiontch 读t:watcht+ia,ie 时,t 读 :martial patientsten,ften,stle 中,t 无声: listen often whistletes

44、读ts:kites gates datestt 读t:bottle bottom little prettytion 读n : station national patients+tion 时读tn:questionth 读 :three thank month thinth 在 pron.,art.,prep.,conj.中读:this the with than词尾 the 读:breathe soythe词尾 ther 读:father mother brother sistertr 读tr:tree trip try true truthts 读ts:shirts hurts coats costs goatsts 读ts :Letsture 读t:picture v 读v:very five havew 读w:we window work walkw 不发音:twowh 读w:what why where whitewh 在 o 前读h:who whom whosewr 在词首读r,w 无声: write wrongx 读ks :box six excuse nextx 读gz:exam exact exampley 在重读开音节中读a: m

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