1、被动语态分类翻译练习 part 1,一、译成主动句，原文主语仍译为主语,1The temperature in the store room is not allowed to go above zero2Laser technology may be taken as one of the most important advances achieved by scientists in recent years,3 Under certain conditions，heat may be changed into mechanical energy，and mechanical energ
2、y into heat energy4 Chinas first atomic reactor and cyclotron(回旋加速器) were built in 19585The speed of the molecules is increased when they are heated,二、译成主动句，原文主语译成宾语,1Large quantities of steam are used by modem industry in the generation of power2These facts were not known to the early investigators
3、，and many of them died of cancer.,3the result of the invention of the steam engine was that human power was replaced by mechanical power4The numerical data concerned are provided in the third chapter5A synthetic material equal to that metal in strength has been created by our research center,三、译成主动句
4、，并根据情况增添适当主语,1Laser has been found very efficient in drilling small holes2 It is believed that we shall make full use of the suns energy some day,3It may be supposed that originally the earths land surface was composed of rock only4 It may be supposed that some bikes are made of plastics instead of
5、steel5Gases are frequently regarded as compressible，liquids as incompressible,被动语态分类翻译练习 part 2,四、译成无主句,1 Practically no scientific experiments have yet been made on this question2Full use must be made of all natural resources in our country,3Sometimes oil or gas is reached，but is not worth further
6、drilling.4New ways are being found in making use of the smoke that keeps coming out of the factory chimneys(烟囱)5Much greater magnification can be obtained with the electron microscope,五、译成判断句,1Iron is extracted from the ore by smelting in the blast furnace(鼓风炉)2This cylindrical(圆柱形的) vessel(容器) is d
7、esigned and made by ourselves,3It is possible the discoveries were made independently in different places at different times4The tyres(轮胎) on the wheels of early cars were made of iron or solid rubber5Rainbows are formed when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky,六、仍译成被动句,1the word
8、s “work” and power are often confused or interchaIlged in colloquial（口语的、通俗的） use2Because of its cost，it is limited in practical use,3The design will be examined by a special committee first4once the impurities have been removed the actual reduction to the metal is an easy step5Elcctricity itself ha
9、s been known to man for thousands of year.,考研英语翻译练习1_被动,17,考研英语翻译练习1_被动,1)Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa (反之) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force. (95年考题),2)Odd though it sounds, cosmic infl
10、ation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true. (98年),3）When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankinds instinct for moral reasoning in action,
11、 an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.（97年）,4）This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.（96年）,5）How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends
12、 upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.（95年）,6)In general, the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or
13、 predicted can not be well defined.（95年）,参考答案,1.政府是以减少技术的经费投入来增加纯理论科学的经费投入, 还是相反, 这往 往取决于把哪一方看作是驱动的力量。,2.宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的理论在科学上看来可信的推论。许多天体物理学家七八年来一直认为这一论说是正确的。,3.这种反应并不错，这是人类用道德观念进行推理的本能在起作用，这种本能应得到鼓励而不应遭到嘲弄。,4.给某些与当前目标无关但将来可能产生影响的科研以支持，看来通常能有效地解决这一问题。,5.这些测试在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量
14、、可靠性和适应性，以及解释这些信息的技能和才智。,6.一般的说，当所要测定的特征能很精确界定时，测试最为有效；而当所要测定或预测的东西不能明确地界定时，测试的效果则最差。,七、被动语态的译法法,32,英语英译汉练习2 （ 2004年考研）,文章大意：内容关于为什么哲学家长期以来对语言与思维的关系很感兴趣.,文章大意：.古希腊人认识到语言与思维有关联.两个著名人类学家、语言学家Franz Boas 和Edward Sapir对人类语言研究方面做出的贡献.Whorf通过分析部落语言的兴衰证明了语言与文化的不可分割性,(61) The Greeks assumed that the structur
15、e of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse language could be.,(62) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost t
16、heir native languages.,(63) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.,(64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf
17、 developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society.,(65) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can prod
18、uce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.,英语英译汉练习2 （ 2004年考研）参考答案,(61) 希腊人认为，语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系，这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别之前早就已在欧洲扎下了根 （早就扎根于欧洲了）。,(62) 我们(之所以)感激他们，是因为在此之后，这些语言中有一些已经不复存在了，或是因为说这些语言的人或是消亡了，或是被同化而丧失了自己的本族语言。,(63) 这些新被描述的语言与已得到充分研究的欧洲和东南亚地区的语言往往差别显著，以至于有些学者甚至指责Boas和Sapir编造了材料。,(64) Whorf对语言与思维的关系很感兴趣，逐渐形成了这样的观点：在一个社会中，语言的结构决定习惯思维的结构。,(65)Whorf进而相信某种类似语言决定论的观点，其极端说法是：语言禁锢思维，语言的语法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。,
