1、,第七章 被动句的翻译,一、译成汉语的主动句,（一）保留原句的主语，根据意思改换说法 1. The village is populated by about 1300 farmers. 村里大约住着300位农民。 2. The street is filled with cars. 街上挤满了车。 3. The hall is air-conditioned and beautifully lighted. 大厅里有空调设备，照明设计也非常美观。,(二)变换主语 1. It is well known that the compass was invented in China four t
2、housand years ago. 众所周知，中国在四千年前就发明了指南针。 2. Many new opportunities will be opened up in the future for those with a university education. 今后，具有大学文化水平的人将会获得很多新机会。 3. The time between tea and supper was usually passed in watching television. 在下午喝过茶到吃晚饭这段时间，看电视是一种常见的消磨时光的活动。 4. Their friendship was turn
3、ed to enmity through idle gossips. 流言蜚语使他们之间的友情变成了仇恨。,（三）译成无主句,1. In general, decisions of the first type are relatively easily made. Decisions of the second type are much more difficult. 一般说来，作出第一种决定比较容易，作出第二种决定则困难得多。 2. Time can always be found to do things one wants to do. 只要相干，总是可以找到时间的。 3. Havi
4、ng been told about the news, she was very excited. 知道这个消息后，她非常激动。,（四）补充主语,1. Voices were heard calling for help. 有人听见呼救的声音。 2. It is now understood that atoms can be further divided into smaller particles. 现在人们懂得，原子还可以进一步分成更小的粒子。 3. not a voice, or hand, or even an eye was raised. 没有人敢吭声，没有人敢举手，甚至没有
5、人敢抬一下眼皮。,二、译成汉语的被动句,被：被捕be arrested, 被杀be killed, 被俘be captured, 被剥削be exploited 让：让人摆布allow oneself to be ordered about, be at the mercy of others 给：给他逼死be driven to death by him 叫：叫人说的一文不值be said to be not worth a farthing 挨：挨骂get a scolding, get a dressing down 受：受骗be deceived, 受伤be wounded, 受压迫b
6、e oppressed,为所, 被所, 让给：她为花言巧语所陶醉。She is intoxicated with sweet words. 受：受欢迎be welcome, 受表扬be praised, 受尊敬be respected 被：被评为先进工作者be made an advanced worker 由：时间由他决定。The time will be decided by him. 为所：这已为该组织所接受。This has been accepted by the Organization. 是的：这幅画是汤姆画的。The picture was painted by Tom.,加以
7、，予以：原则如果不加以实行，就没有什么意义了。Principles mean very little unless they are acted up. 1. Robert was dismissed by the boss of the factory. 罗伯特已被工厂的老板开除了。 2. All the buildings were destroyed in a big fire. 所有的建筑均为大火所焚毁。 3. All the people whose names are ticked off have paid their bills. 所有名字前（被）画了勾的人已付过帐了。 4. The book is written by a famous author. 这本书是一位知名的作者写的。,三、常用被动句型的习惯译法 1. It is reported that 2. It is said that 3. It is generally believed that 4. It must be pointed out that 5. It is well-known that 6. It is found out that 7. It will be seen from this that,
