1、Topic sentence,1.Write a topic sentence for a paragraph which describes your hometowna sentence +topic sentence topic +controlling idea: controlling+ easy to develop + hometown.1.Chengdu, my hometown, is a wonderful paradise, in which there are many places of interest and natural beauties.2.My homet
2、own is famous for several amazing natural features.,Chengdu, my hometown, is a wonderful paradise, in which there are many places of interest and natural beauties. For instance, Dujiang Dam, which is the greatest irrigation work, has been playing an important role in peoples daily life. Dufu Cottage
3、 was built to remember a great writer and poetDufu, attracting billions of tourists to come and see every year. Juzhaigou, Emei Mountain, as well as Huanglong are famous natural-beautiful places over the world. Despite these, Chengdu is also famous for its delicious food, on which the climate makes
4、an effect. Someone says that Chengdu is a place which people do not want to leave once they come. And thats what I really agree with.,My hometown is famous for several amazing natural features. First, it is noted for the Wheaton River, which is very wide and beautiful. On either side of this river,
5、which is 175 feet wide, are many willow trees which have long branches that can move gracefully in the wind. In autumn the leaves of these trees fall and cover the riverbanks like golden snow. Also, on the other side of the town is Wheaton Hill, which is unusual because it is very steep. Even though
6、 it is steep, climbing this hill is not dangerous, because there are some firm rocks along the sides that can be used as stairs. There are no trees around this hill, so it stands clearly against the sky and can be seen from many miles away. The third amazing feature is the Big Old Tree. This tree st
7、ands two hundred feet tall and is probably about six hundred years old. These three landmarks are truly amazing and make my hometown a famous place.,2. Develop the following sentence into a complete paragraph.a. At present, there are a large number of people who want to study for a Masters degree in
8、 China.b. There are two reasons why some people like to buy cars with automatic transmission/manual transmission.,2. Develop the following sentence into a complete paragraph.Topic sentence + a paragraph.a. At present, there are a large number of people who want to study for a Masters degree in China
9、.b. There are two reasons why some people like to buy cars with automatic transmission/manual transmission. Problems:1.写成3段,把已给的topic sentence当成首段或不要已给主旨句,自己另写一句.2.段内离题,岔题,重复现象普遍.3.段内意义衔接(logic)和形式连接词混乱.,Sentence errors(句子结构，词性),1.My hometown is a happiness coast city, which is located in the southe
10、rn.2.My hometown is a traditional and silence small town, where has a rice field in autumn it looks like a seas with golden colour. 3.Cars with automatic transmission is much convenience than manual one in driving.4.In my viewpoint, the most importance factor is the social competition.,5.Studying fo
11、r a master degree is a way to promote educational background, which will shorten the process of being succedded.6.Firstly, some of them think that it is no competitive for them to find a job, if they just graduate Bachelors degree.7.Secondly, as more and more colleges expand their number of enrollme
12、nts. The quality of higher education in China declined.8.After getting the masters degree is a big event in ones lift which needs sufficient consideration.,Sentence errors(句子结构，单词拼写，Chinglish ),there are three reasons are as follows.My hometown is the most beautiful place with its scenery in my mind
13、.More and more competitveness people need to stuggle for, they study harder and longer time in order to receive the Masters degree.With the development of the city, peoples ability of getting the job are increasing higher.First, its hard to find a good job with only a bachelor degree because the uni
14、versity students is getting more and more.Some of them are really eager for knowledge who like to know why it it not only what is it.,1.load the topic sentence with a strong controlling idea,The controlling idea offered by some key words in the topic sentence helps both the reader and the writer. It
15、 helps the reader by teling what the paragraphs main idea will be. It helps the writer by reminding him or her to stick to the central idea as he or she writes the paragraph.To prevent ourselves from introducing unrelated material, we should load our topic with strong controlling idea.,Underline the
16、 controlling ideas in the following topic sentences1.The response is unacceptable for two reasons.2.Learning a language involves the acuqistion of four skills.3.Many solutions have been suggested for the food problem.4.There are many surprising gramatifcal contrasts between English and Arabic.5.Agri
17、cultural production has always depended on weather conditions.6.Not all language is verbal.,too general:students often ride to school.Good:some students drive cars to school and others ride bicycles, mopeds, or motorcycles.too general:San Francisco is famous.Good:San Francisco is famous for its many
18、 tourist attractions.too general:people hate american food.too specfic:people hate american food that is tasteless and greasy because Americans use too many canned, frozen, and prepackaged foods and because everything is fried in oil or butter.Good: people hate american food that is tasteless and gr
19、easy.,underline the controlling ideas in these topic sentences.,1.Many different kinds of part-time jobs.2.Students have various reasons for choosing where they want to sit in classroom.3.Studying for tests calls for a methodical approach.4.Certain guidelines help a family to live together happily.5
20、.A young person needs to learn how to become self-reliant.6. In my opinion, many television commercials are misleading.,Revise the following topic sentences by adding specific controlling ideas when necessary, and underline them.,1. I like television horror movies.2. People develop their own life-st
21、yles.3.Blue Jeans are popular.4.Comic books are entertaining.5. magazines are interesting.6.A person needs to have a healthy self-image.,2.write a helpful outline in advance,An outline is like an architects plan for a house. An architech llans a house before it is built to make sure that all the par
22、ts will fit. like an architech, we should plan a paragraph before we write it to make sure that all of our ideas will fit.An outline will help make your paragraph more organized. A careful plan will help your paragrap stay focused on the ideas in your topic sentence.An outline saves time for writers
23、. Preparing an outline can take time, but when you are finished, you will be able to write the rough draft of your paragraph more quickly than if you didnt have an outline.,two types of outline,a simple outline,detailed outlineTopic Sentence: A. first main supporting point1.specific fact2.specific f
24、act3.specific factB. second main supporting id1.specific fact2.specific fact3.specific factconcluding sentence,Topic Sentence: A. first supporting ideaB. second supporting ideaC. supporting ideaconcluding sentence,the topic outline A college education has several advantages for young people.(topic s
25、entence) a: to train in professinonal skills. b. to develop powers of reasoning , analysis, and judgement c. to expand cultural background.the sentence outlineTrade in commodities is nessary between nations.(topic sentence) a. no nation has all teh commodities it needs. b. a nation may not have enou
26、gh of certain commodities. c. A nation may see certain items for a profit. d. Latest innovations and different styles of commodities may make foreign trade necessay.concluding sentence: all nations strive to maintain a favorable balance of trade so as to be assured of the means to buy mecessary good
27、s.,rules for writing an outline,Parallelism can be regrarded as the most important quality of a good outline.1. arrange our points in good order and Number them in a parallel form2.avoid mixed grammatical structures.(we should use similar grammatical structures to present points of the same importan
28、ce in our outline.)3.Dont use questions in ur outline,Choose one of the suggested topics to write a paragraph.Make a simple outline before ou begin to write.,Americans English teachersSuper girl singersBusiness people Suggested time limits:Outlining time: 3 minuteswriting Time-10 minuteschecking Time:2 minutes,
