1、旅游文本翻译 Tourist Material Translation,中英旅游文本的异同旅游文本翻译要求旅游文本翻译技巧,目录,体裁多样：描写、记叙、说明兼而有之 功能多重： 具有信息功能、美感功能和诱导 功能 内涵丰富：承载大量文化信息，具有明显的文化特征,旅游文本,旅游文本,中英旅游文本的共同点,（1）都属于“信息型”+“诱导型”文本The critic of an appeal-focused text should observe first of all whether the translator demonstrates sufficient appreciation of t
2、he non-linguistic and non-literary purpose of the text, and whether the version of in the target language conveys the same appeal or evokes the same result as the author expressed in the original text. The form of the text is thus usually adapted to target-culture norms and conventions of text-type,
3、 genre, register and tenor. (Reiss, 2004: 43),例1： St. Petersburg. The very name brings to mind some of Russias greatest poets, writers and composers: Pushkin, Dostoevsky, and Tchaikovsky. The 19th century was a golden age for St. Petersburgs wealthy classes. It was a world of ballets and balls, of a
4、rt and literature, of tea and caviar.,例2： 云南有26个少数民族，是中国少数民族种类最多的省份。各民族的服饰、建筑、风俗、歌舞、饮食等，形成了一幅美丽的风情画卷。 Home to 26 ethnic groupsthe largest number in China Yunnan Province offers tourists a cultural feast of unique ethnic costumers, architectures, customs, cuisines, songs, and dances.,（2）多用描述性形容词例3：Th
5、e Hawaiian Islands are one of the most beautiful places on earth. The weather is friendly. The temperature ranges from 60-90 degrees all year long. Its a little warmer in summer, and a little cooler in winter, but every day is a beach day for somebody. 夏威夷岛是世界上最具魅力的地方之一。这里天气晴朗，气候宜人，气温常年在华氏60-90度之间。夏
6、天稍暖，冬天稍凉，但每天都是晒太阳的好日子。,中英旅游文本的共同点,例4： Between 22 and 28 June, you have the unique opportunity to spend a week getting to know our one-of-a-kind alpine world, with the aid of experienced Zermatt mountain guides-all this at a special price. 6月22至6月28日，您可以获得独一无二的机会，用一周的时间了解独一无二的阿尔卑斯世界，活动期间有经验丰富的采尔马特高山向
7、导为您提供帮助，而且活动的价格则非常优惠。,例5：这里千峰竞秀，有奇峰72座，其中天都峰、莲花峰、光明顶都在海拔1,800米以上。拔地擎天，气势磅礴，雄姿灵秀。Here you can enjoy numerous magnificent peaks including 72 in odd shapes, with Tiandu, Lianhua and Guangmingding above 1,800 meters in altitude. They all rise up like giants, forming into spectacular scenery.,(3）常见第二人称代词
8、 例6：我们还专门为您安排了“环岛一日游”， 带给您最大的舒适与享受。您既可以留在船上度过令人难忘的一天，也可以在几处停靠站下船游览，饱览岛上的宜人风光。 Our Round-the-island Day Excursion has been specially designed to offer you maximum comfort and enjoyment. You can either spend a perfect day without leaving the cruise or pay visits to the added attractions of the fascina
9、ting shore at each of our places of call.,例7： If you are looking for the most delicious French cuisine in town, why not rendezvous at this delightful spot where appetizing dishes are always served? 如果您正在城里寻找美味可口的法国大餐，为什么不到这热闹非凡的地方来？，这里总有令人垂涎欲滴的各种美味佳肴。,汉语介绍词藻华丽，英语介绍生动平实 汉语强调意与境混，英文强调摹仿再现 例8：黄山自古云成海，流
10、动在千峰万壑之中，浩瀚天际，壮丽非凡。峰尖浮海，犹如孤屿，时隐时现，似见非见，瞬息万变，气象万千。变幻莫测的石海与朝霞、落日相映，色彩斑斓，壮美瑰丽。,中英旅游文本的区别,例9： Though filled with an astonishing array of geologic wonders: geysers, hot springs, fumaroles, canyons, waterfalls, Yellowstone is perhaps most remarkable as a wildlife sanctuary. Protected here are bison, elk,
11、bears, moose, mountain lions, eagles, trumpeter swans, and a host of other animals. The worlds first national park, Yellowstone covers more than two million acres (810 000 hectares) and draws thousands of visitors a year.,例10：姑苏城外，湖泊河流，星罗棋布，河巷纵横，各具特色的桥梁鳞次栉比，举目入画。建筑傍水而立，幽静雅逸，形成了水乡城市的独特风貌。,例11： The sk
12、y reflected in the water turned the Seine into a lovely shade of blue which trembled in the hazy sunshine filtering through leafy branches of the trees lining the rivers edge.,汉语旅游文体要显得华美一些，大多是辞藻的渲染而不是景象的明晰展示。景点介绍的语言表达常使用对偶平行结构，连珠四字结构，以求行文工整，音形意皆美,英语旅游文体风格简约，结构严谨，表达直观通俗，行文用字准确明了，注重信息的准确性和语言的实用性，力求真实
13、再现自然，让读者有明确、具体的印象。,二、旅游文本翻译要求,虚实转化，各展其长突出译文“呼唤”功能,1. 推敲原文语境因素，弄清原文实质,这里三千座奇峰拔地而起，形态各异，有的似玉柱神鞭，立地顶天；有的像铜墙铁壁，巍然屹立；有的如晃板垒卵，摇摇欲坠；有的若盆景古董，玲珑剔透.神奇而又真实，迷离而又实在，不是艺术创造胜似艺术创造，令人叹为观止。 - 武陵源风景画册 3000 crags rise in various shapes. They are like whips or pillars propping up the sky; or huge walls, solid and sound
14、; or immense eggs piled on an unsteady boarder; or miniature rocky or curious . Fantastic but actual, dreamy but real! They are not artistic works, but more exquisite than artistic works. One can not help marveling at the acme of perfection of Natures creation.,这里三千座奇峰拔地而起，形态各异，有的似玉柱神鞭，立地顶天；有的像铜墙铁壁，
15、巍然屹立；有的如晃板垒卵，摇摇欲坠；有的若盆景古董，玲珑剔透.神奇而又真实，迷离而又实在，不是艺术创造胜似艺术创造，令人叹为观止。,Revised version: 3000 crags rise in various shapes - pillars, columns, walls, shaky egg stacks and potted landscapes . - conjuring up unforgettably fantastic images.,满树金花，芳香四溢的金桂；花白如雪，香气扑鼻的银桂；红里透黄，花朵味浓的紫砂桂；花色似银，季季有花的四季桂，竞相开放，争妍媲美。进入桂花
16、公园，阵阵桂花花香扑鼻而来。 The Park of Sweet Osmanthus is noted for its profusion of osmanthus. Flowers from these trees in different colors are in full bloom, which pervade the whole garden with the fragrance of their blossoms.,2. 自然转换文化内涵,原文：北京的腿，西安的嘴，桂林的山和水 In Beijing, a tourist guide has to walk a lot becau
17、se there are so many places to visit; in Xian, he has to talk a lot because there are so many stories to tell. In Guilin, he doesnt have to talk or walk because the beautiful mountains and rivers are attractive enough for travelers to enjoy.,You might linger in the Borders to explore the dignified r
18、uins once-powerful abbeys or fish for plump salmon in the Tweed. Or follow in the footsteps of Rob Roy and Walter Scott though the Trossachs to soak up “the scenery of a fairy dream”, as Scott described it. 你也许会漫游在英格兰和苏格兰交界处，探看那些曾经大权在握、如今仍不失威严的寺院废墟，或是在特威德河畔钓起肥美的三文鱼，或是沿着名族英雄罗布罗伊和大文豪司各特当年的足迹，穿越特洛萨克斯河谷
19、，去领略司各特笔下那“梦中仙境”。,The Youngest of the Rocky Mountains, the Teton Range is a spectacular sight. Enhanced by glaciers, deep canyons, snow-fields, and lakes, the range shoots up suddenly, with no foothills around it. 译文1：落基山脉中最年轻的特顿山脉景色壮观。它突兀挺拔，四壁陡峭，冰川、深谷、雪地、湖泊等为它增添了气势。译文2： 作为落基山脉中的小字辈，特顿山脉气势恢宏。它拔地而起，绝
20、壁凌空，冰川映雪地，髙峡出平湖，风光绮丽，景色壮观。,3. 突出文本的呼唤功能,三、旅游文本翻译技巧,增删补改、不拘一格,Towers, domes，and arches have been formed over millions of years of weathering and erosion, and the process continues, constantly reshaping this fantastical rock garden. 译： 岁月沧桑，风化雨蚀，造就了这里奇特的山体风貌：满山“巨塔”高耸，“穹丘”浑圆，“大拱门”凌空而立，奇形怪状，自然天成。大自然造物不尽
21、，还在不断创造着新的神奇。,1. 修饰性增译,西安古称长安。 Xian was called Changan，or “everlasting peace” in ancient times天涯海角（海南岛著名的旅游景点） Tianya-Haijiao (the end of the earth and the edge of the sea),2 .注释性增补,路左有一巨石，石上原有苏东坡手书“云外流春”四个大字。To its left is a rock formerly engraved with four big Chinese characters Yun Wai Liu Chun (
22、Beyond clouds flows spring) hand-written by SU Dongpo (10371101)，the most versatile poet of the Northern Song Dynasty (960 1127).,2 .注释性增补,恩施的峡谷又是另一番景象：谷中急水奔流，穿峡而过，两岸树木葱茏，鲜花繁茂，碧草萋萋，活脱脱一幅生机盎然的天然风景画。各种奇峰异岭，令人感受各异，遐想万千。It is another gorge through which a rapid stream flows. Trees, flowers and grass, a
23、picture of natural vitality, thrive on both banks. The weird peaks arouse disparate thoughts.,3. 删减,在我国最早的典籍中，即有关这条河的记载。尚书禹贡：“漆沮既从，沣水攸同。”诗经大雅：“沣水东注，维禹之绩。”说明沣水在远古就是一条著名的河流。Records about this river can be found even in the earliest Chinese classics, which proves that the Feng River has been well-known
24、 since ancient times.,4.归化,梁山伯与祝英台 Romeo and Juliet；苏州 郑州 鱼米之乡 land of milk and honey,4.归化,故宫耗时14年，整个工程于1420年结束。The construction of the Forbidden City took 14 years，and was finished in 1420, 72 years before Christopher Columbus discovered the New World,5. 创造性翻译,除了国际大都会的繁华，香港还有很多不同的面貌，例如原居民文化、殖民地建筑和露
25、天市场等。走出市区，也可以找到自然风光；踏着绵软的沙滩，投入蓝天碧海的怀抱；沿登山径，深入浓密的山林，满目清新初来乍到，您可能惊异于香港拥有如此迷人的自然美。 Hong Kong is a city of stunning contrasts where towering skyscrapers rub shoulders with ancient temples and historic monuments. Its a living fusion of East and West that sees local people practicing age-old tai chi exercises in front of one of the worlds most stunning harbors.,
