1、 中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 1负责人审核签字： 学员姓名： 年 级： 课时数：3 课时辅导科目： 学科教师：曹娟 校区名称： 授课日期及时段课 型 预习课 同步课 复习课 专题课Teachig aims 被动语态Teaching importance 动词 give/send/lend/take 用 to)Lily gave me a book. (双宾语，人间物直， me 为间接宾语，a book 为直接宾语)- I was given a book by Lily -A book was given to me by Lily.（直接宾语提前时，要在间接宾语前
2、加介词）（4）主动语态若有复合宾语，（即句子结构为主及物动词宾宾补），将主动句的 宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补不变。 They call him Amy. -He is called Amy.（5）当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。例 Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为 The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.（6）主动语态句中动词 make, have, let(使 sb 做 sth), notice. see. watch, look at,
3、hear, listen to, feel 等变成被动语态时，后面的不定式需要加上 to. Mr. Lee made him wash the dishes. -He was made to wash the dishes.（7）有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词”，“动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例 The meeting is to be put off till Friday.（8）非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。例 I dont like bei
4、ng laughed at in the public.（9）It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如 believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think 等可以用于句型“Itbe过去分词that 从句”或“主语be过去分词to do sth.”。有：It is said that 据说,It is reported that据报道，It is believed that大家相信，It is hoped that大家希望，It is well known that众所周知，It is thou
5、ght that大家认为，It is suggested that据建议。 例：It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 5五、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1、（1）.英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式 表达被动意义,
6、主语通常是物。例 This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较：The door wont lock （指门本身有毛病）The door wont be locked （指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）（2） 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out 等以主动形式表示被动意义。例 How
7、do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？（3） 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词 feel, sound, taste, book, feel 等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。例 Your reason sounds reasonable2、在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 。（1） 在 need，want，require, bear 等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。例 The house needs repairing（to be repaired）这房子需要
8、修理。（2） 形容词 worth 后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而 worthy 后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。例 The picture-book is well worth reading（The picture-book is very worthy to be read）（3） 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon (to do 与 things 是动宾关系，与 I 是主谓关系。)试比
9、较：Ill go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明 you 不是 post 动作的执行者。)（4） 在某些“形容词不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting 等。例 This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作 to
10、 work out 省略了 for me）.（5） 在 too to结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。例 This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 6（6） 在 there be句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。例 There is no time to lose（to be lost）（用 to lose 可看成 for us to lose；用 to be lost，谁 lost time 不明确。）
11、（7） 在 be to do 结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词 rent,blame,let 等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。例 Who is to blame for starting the fire?六、介词 in, on, under 等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。（1） “under +名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有：under control（受控制）, under treatment（在治疗中）, unde
12、r repair（在修理中）, under discussion（在讨论中）, under construction（在施工中）。例 The building is under construction( is being constructed).（2）“beyond+名词”结构，“出乎胜过、范围、限度”。常见的有：beyond belief (令人难以置信)， beyond ones reach（鞭长莫及），beyond ones control（无法控制），beyond our hope 我们的成功始料不及。例 The rumour is beyond belief（=cant be b
13、elieved）（3）“above+名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等) 超过、高于”。例 His honest character is above all praise=His honest character cannot be praised enough（4）“for+名词”结构，表示 “适于、 为着”。如：for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等。例 That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold).（5）“in+名词”结构 ，表示“在过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print（在印刷中），in sight
14、(在视野范围内)，等。 例 The book is not yet in print(=is not yet printed)（6）“on+名词”结构, 表示“在从事 中”。常见的有：on sale(出售)，on show（展出）, on trial（受审）。例 Today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed).（7）“out of+名词”结构 ； 表示 “超出 之外“，常见的有：out of control (控制不了)，out of sight （超出视线之外），out of ones reach(够不着
15、), out of fashion(不流行)等。 例 The plane was out of control (cant be controlled) 。（8）“within+名词”结构，“在内、不超过”。例 He took two days off within the teachers permission被动语态专项练习（ ） 1. If city noises _ from increasing，people _ shout to be heard even at dinner中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 7A are not kept；will have
16、to B are not kept；haveC do not keep；will have to D do not keep；have to（ ） 2. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are _and perfected now.A. developed B. have developedC. being developed D. will have been developed（ ） 3. - _ the sports meet might be put off- Yes ，it all depen
17、ds on the weatherA Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told（ ） 4. I need one more stamp before my collection _.A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed（ ） 5. Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A. cut B. ar
18、e cut C. are being cut D. had been cut（ ） 6. The new suspension bridge _ by the end of last month.A. has been designed B. had been designedC. was designed D. would be designed（ ） 7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been bro
19、ken（ ） 8. Great changes _ in the city, and a lot of factories _.A. have been taken place; have been set upB. have taken place; have been set upC. have taken place; have set up中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 8D. were taken place; were set up（ ） 9. That suit _ over 60 dollars.A. had costed B. costed C. is
20、 costed D. cost（ ） 10. - Look! Everything here is under construction.- Whats the pretty small house that _ for?A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building（ ） 11.- Do you like the material?- Yes, it _ very soft.A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt（ ） 12. It is difficult for a
21、foreigner _ ChineseA write B to write C to be written D written（ ） 13. I have no more letters _ ，thank youA to type B typing C to be typed D typed（ ） 14. Take care! Dont drop the ink on your shirt, for it _ easily.A. wont wash out B. wont be washed outC. isnt washed out D. isnt washing out（ ） 15. No
22、body noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _.A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out（ ） 16. The computers on the table _ Professor Smith.A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belongs to D. belong to（ ） 17. - What do you think of the book?-Oh, excellent. Its worth
23、_ a second time.A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 9（ ） 18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch（ ） 19. This page needed _ again.A. being checked B. checked C. to check D. to be checked（ ） 20.
24、_ many times, the boy still didnt know how to do the exercisesA. Having taught B. Having been taught C. taught D. Teaching中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 10中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 11中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 12中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 13中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 14中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 15中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 16中国教育培训诚信品牌成就孩子美好未来，铸就自己精彩人生 17
