1、,定语从句 The Attributive Clause,定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词” 1.从句的位置: 2.构成：,先行词 之后,关系词,关系代词 关系副词,How many kinds of Attributive clauses are there?,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句,关系词有两个作用： 一、引导定语从句 二、代替先行词在其引
2、导的定语 从句中充当一定的句子成份。,引导定语从句的关系词,指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因,who，whom，that which，that whose，of which where when why,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,做宾语时可以省略,Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A
3、 plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,the machine,Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,that /which,Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,that /which,关系代词的实质,J
4、oin the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系
5、代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yester
6、day.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following
7、sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,that/who/whom,The girl,Correct mistakes,1.Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.
8、4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick.,whom,whose,it,who,关系词的用法,关系代词,1.All _ can be done has been done. 2.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?,that,that,先行词是all ,everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that,关系代词,1.This is the best TV _ is made in
9、China. 2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.,that,that,先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。,关系代词,Ive read all the books _ you lent me.,that,先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 修饰时,引导定语从句用that 。,关系代词,1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio br
10、oadcast have aroused great interest among the students. 2.A victim is a person, animal or thing _ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.,that,that,先行词中既有人又有事物时， 引导定语从句用that .,关系代词,1.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ? 2.Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow ?,that,that,Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that,1
11、.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 Yuan . 2.Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago, will come again. 3.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for along time.,关系代词,which,who,Who/Whom,在非限制性定语句中，指物用which，指人用who whom,As 引导的非限制性定语从句,The earth is round,_ is known to all
12、._ is known to all, the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.,as,As,It,主语从句,This is the same book as I lost.This is the same book that I lost.,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,As 引导的限制性定语从句,As 引导的限制性定语从句,This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we
13、all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,as,that,as,that,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。,这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。,定语从句,结果状语从句,1.Her bag ,in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. 2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to
14、 the concert, enjoy it very much.,关系代词,which,which,whom,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom,注意：如何判断介词,This is the book_ which you asked,1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配,for,注意：动词短语不能拆开 即介词不能提前,2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.,with,3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配,This is our classr
15、oom ,_ which there is a teachers desk.,in the front of,关系副词,After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A. which B. where C. that D. when,B,先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用引导定语从句,在从句做状语,关系副词,It was an exciting moment for these people this year, _ for the first t
16、ime their team won the World Cup.A. that B. while C. which D. when,D,先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句，在从句作状语。,关系副词,This is the reason _ I didnt come here.A. what B. why C. which D. when,B,先行词是表示原因的词，用why 引导定语从句，在从句作状语。,whose 引导的定语从句,表示所属关系,The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.,whose,Ther
17、e are in this class 20 students, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B. The backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose,注意 1,区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句： Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。,When you read books ,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions. W
18、hen you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions.,状语从句,定语从句,注意2：,指时间或地点作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you. Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you. This is the museum _I visite
19、d last year .,when,whichthat,whichthat,whichthat,注意3：,why引导的定语从句,This is the reason ( = for which ) I didnt come here. The reason _ she gave was not true.,which/that,why,注意4：,定语从句中的动词的数,He is the only one in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise He is one of the students in his class who _
20、(have) got the teachers praise,has,have,She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth.A. it B. which C. this D. that 2. He is the only one of the boys who _ the piano well.A. plays B. play C. playing D. are playing 3. In the dark street there wasnt a singleperson _she could turn for
21、 help.A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 4.That scientist _ work is successful has been made a model worker.A. which B. who C. whos D. whose,1.They have four children, theyoungest of _is a boy . 2.Thatll be the last thing _Ill do to you 3.He arrived Beijing in 1984 _ he was already in his fifties. 4. Is this the museum _ they stayed yesterday,Fill in the blanks,whom,that,when,where,Thank you,Goodbye,
