1、倒装,为什么需要倒装？,一.语法结构需要二.强调的需要,倒装的公式全部倒装:谓/系+主部分倒装:助/情态动词/be+主+谓,1. 以副词here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away, off等开头的句子,且主语是名词。,the children rushed out. Out rushed the children.the others go off.Off go the others.The boy went away Away went the boy.注意：（1）如果主语是代词，不倒装！如： Here you are / here it
2、is/ here he comes,（2）there引出的完全倒装句：除了最常见的there be句型以外，there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等，一般都译成“有“的含义，构成完全倒装句。,There appeared to be a man in black in the distance. 远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。,2. 表地点的介词短语置于句首,且主语是名词。,A dog lay under the tree. Under the tree lay a dog. A shout for help came from
3、the room. From the room came a shout for help. A student stood outside the classroom. Outside the classroom stood a student. A picture hangs on the wall. On the wall hangs a picture.,3. 表语提前.,Those days were gone when we had nothing to eat. Gone were those days when we had nothing to eat. Professor
4、white was present at the meeting. Present at the meeting was Professor White,.charismas trees, flowers,candles and toys are among the goods. Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.,1. 疑问句，除对主语或主语的定语提问外，都用倒装语序，通常是部分倒装。 e.g. Has he come?Why do you speak English?You are ready, a
5、rent you? Who/ Whose son is standing there?,二、部分倒装,2. 否定副词置句首：not, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, barely, little, scarcely, nowhere, at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, on no account.I shall never forget it. Never shall I forget it.He didnt make a single mistakeNot a single mistake did h
6、e make.He hardly came to see me last year.Hardly did he come to see us last year.We know little about him.Little do we know about him.,3. 否定连词引起的部分倒装 hardly/ scarcely. when . no sooner . than . not only . but also ,She not only studies hard , but also she is polite. Not only does she study hard, but
7、 also she is polite.he had no sooner closed his eyes than he fell asleep. No sooner had he closed his eyes than he fell asleep.,We had hardly entered the classroom when the bell rang. Hardly had we entered the classroom when the bell rang.,4.由“only + 状语” 即: only + 副词, 介词短语, 从句,I realized the importa
8、nce of English only then. Only then did I realize the importance of English. You can learn from your friends only in this way. Only in this way can you learn from your friends.he understands his parents intentions only when a child grows up. Only when a child grows up does he understand his parents
9、intentions.,5. 在省略了if 的虚拟条件句中，将were, had, should置句前,If he had worked harder, he would have got through the exams. Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exams.If I were you , I would refuse his offer. Were I you, I would refuse his offer.If it should rain tomorrow, we would put off the
10、sports meeting. Should it rain tomorrow, we would put off the sports meeting.,6.结构为: so/ neither/ nor + 助/ 系/情态V. + 主语,表示以上情况也适用于以下的人。时态与前句保持一致。,A：He likes playing football. B：So do I. A：He can ride a bike. B：So can I. A：My mother is a teacher. B：So is my father. A：She hasnt gone there. B：Neither/ N
11、or has he.,注： So +主语+be/助动词/情态动词 某人确实如此(对上文内容加以证实或肯定) Betty is a nice girl. So she is .,So +be/助动词/情态动词+主语 某人也是如此 Nor/neither +be/助动词/情态动词+主语 某人也不是如此,7.在sothat, suchthat（如此以致于）句型中，若把 so 或 such 放在句子开头，要用部分倒装语序。,He was so angry that he couldnt speak. So angry was he that he couldnt speak. He spoke so
12、loudly that that the people in the next room could hear him. So loudly did he speak that the people in the next room could hear him. Tom is such a clever boy that all his teachers think highly of him. Such a clever boy is Tom that all his teachers think highly of him.,8.Not until+时间状从 置于句首。I didnt r
13、ealize how much time I had wasted until I began to work.Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.I didnt get up until lunchtime. Not until lunchtime did I get up.,9. 表祝愿的句子,Long live China! May you have a good trip!,10. such在句首的句子,Such was Albert Einstein. Such are the fact
14、s.,三、不倒置主谓的倒装,1. as/ though引导的让步状语从句 常将状从中的副词、动词、名词和形容词提前 副词提前 Though I like it much, I will not buy it.Much as/though I like it, I will not buy it. 动词原形提前 Though you may wait, he will not see you.Wait as/though you may, he will not see you.Though he would try, he might fail again. Try as/though he
15、would, he might fail again.,形容词或名词提前 Though the nobles are proud, they are afraid to see me. Proud as/though the nobles are, they are afraid to see me. Though she looks young, she has reaches the age of 50.Young though/as she looks, she has reached the age of 50. Though he is a child, he can tell ri
16、ght from wrong. Child as/though he is, he can tell right from wrong.注：从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词,2. 在however, no matter how引导的让步状语从句中，常将句中作表语的形容词，作状语的副词提前，但主谓语序不变。,However difficult the problem is, we should do whatever we can to solve it. No matter how heavily it rains, we have to start off at once.,3. 感叹
17、句型,How nice the flowers look! What a long way it is from Beijing to Guangdong.,Exercises,1. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? (MET91)-I dont know, _.A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also 2. Not until all the fish died in the river, _ how serious he
18、 pollution was. (NMET95)A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize 3. _, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. (NMET97)A. However late is he B. However is he C. However is he late D. However late he is 4. At the gate
19、_ a soldier _ uniform.A. lying; in B. lain; worn C. laid; dressing D. lay; in,5. Look! There _ the bus!A. will come B. comes C. has come D. is coming 6. Not a single mistake _ in the dictation yesterday.A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had made 7. No sooner _ his talk than he _ the wor
20、kers.A. he finished; surrounded allB. did he finish; did surroundedC. had he finished; was surrounded by D. had he finished; was surrounded near 8. So loudly _ that every one of the class could hear him.A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke,9. Only when class began _ that he had le
21、ft his book at home.A. will he realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize 10. _ I had time, I would have run round that lake again.A. If B. Unless C. Had D. When 11. Not only _ a promise, but he also kept it.A. had he made B. he had made C. did he make D. he makes 12._ I would
22、see you here.A. Little I dreamed B. Little do I dream C. I dreamed little D. Little did I dream,13. Out _ !A. went the children B. the children went C. the children did go D. did the children go 14. Only in this way, _ do it well.A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can 15. Hardly _ when it began
23、to rain.A. had he arrived B. arrived he C. he had arrived D. did he arrive,16. Only in this way _ to make improvement in the operating system.,you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope,17. If Joes wife wont go to the party,_. (2007 全国II)A. he will either B. neither will heC. he ne
24、ither will D. either he will18. My room gets very cold at night. _. (2007 江苏)A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does,19. Not a single song _ at yesterdays party. (2000上海),A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing,20. It was careless of you to have left your clothes
25、outside all night.,My God! _. (1997上海),A. So did I B. So I did C. So were you D. So did you,21. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life so happy_.,(2000北京春),did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt,22. Maybe you have been to many countries,but nowhere else _ such a beautiful palace. (2004辽宁),A. can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find,
