1、句子种类,简单句（主谓） Knowledge is power. Many hands make light work. Follow your friends advice. How clever you are! 并列句（主谓+并列连词+主谓） Hurry up, or you will be late. Work hard, and you will succeed. Im busy, but I persevere in practising the piano/with my piano lessons. Its going to rain, for my knee joints a
2、re aching. They made joint efforts , so they made rapid progress.,复合句When I will go remains to be seen. I wonder when they will come. The problem is how we can put the plan into practice We must solve the problem how we can put the plan into practice. Whoever comes is welcome. Whoever comes, I will
3、welcome him. I would appreciate it if you could give me any advice. I will remember the days that I spent in the countryside.并列复合句（含有从句的并列句） I was tired because I didnt have a good sleep, but I continued to do my homework,（含有从句（有引导词，有主谓结构，在整个句子当中充当某一成分）的句子）,辨析句子种类，若是复合句，含何种从句,I will remember the day
4、s when I worked with you. What troubles me is that I have trouble in remembering words As we know, the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe due to global warming. When historians began studying texts of the Mid-ages, they noticed something referred as “first sleep”, which was not cl
5、arified and now scientists are telling us our ancestors most likely slept in separate periods.Tom and Bob came and left. Tom came but Bob left.,辨析定语从句与同位语从句,The news (that) he told me was exciting. The news that was told by him was exciting. The news that he won the match was exciting. We must solve
6、 the problem that has arisen.,名词性从句的功能,功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合 句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、 同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据 它在句中不同的语法功能, 名词性 从句又可分为四类。,名词性从句,表语从句 宾语从句 主语从句 同位语从句,引导名词性从句的连接词,连接词 that, whether, if ,(用于宾语从句， 不与or not连用，也不用于介词后。) as if, as though （引导宾语从句和状语从句。） (起到 连接一个句子的作用，不充当从句的任何成分) 2. 连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever
7、, whom, whomever, whose, whosever， which(哪个）, whichever （无论哪个） (不仅起到 连接一个句子的作用, 同时也在从句中充当成分：主语，宾语，表语，定语。) 3. 连接副词: when, whenever, where, wherever how, however, why (起到 连接一个句子的作用,充当 从句中的状语),辨析What/that /which,What you see is not always _ is true. The fact _ he won two gold medals is exciting. This i
8、s the fact _ you has seen.John said _ he was leaving. You drove at the speed _ was dangerous. You drove at _ was a dangerous speed. After _ seemed like hours he came out.,that 引导宾语从句时可省略，引导其它名词性从句时不可省略。that引导名词性从句时不充当从句的任何成分。What在名词性从句中充当成分。（另：that/which/who/whom引导定语从句时，若that/which/who/whom在定语从句中充当宾
9、语，则that/which/who/whom可省略。）,what,that,(that/which),(that),that/which,what,what,从句要用陈述句语序,1. 主语从句可放句首, 此时连接词 that 一般不省略。主语从句也可用于It is that 句型。Whether引导主语从句意为“是否”，这时通常不用 if。,That we need more equipment is obvious.or: It is obvious that we need more equipment.,2. It 用作形式主语的句子常出现于下列句型中：,1) It is +adj.+t
10、hat(eg. natural/strange etc.) 2) It is + n. (eg. a shame/pity, no wonder, a fact) +that 3) It is+said/reported/known/believed/thought/proved+that 4) It seems/appears that似乎 It happens that碰巧It occurs to sb that发生不好的事情,1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于句首。 2) It is said /reported that 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：It is said that
11、President Xi will visit our school next week. (right)That President Xi will visit our school next week is said. (wrong),3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况,3) It happens that, It occurs to sb. that 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：It occurred to him that he failed in the exam. (right)That he failed in the examination occurred to him
12、. (wrong) 4) It doesnt matter how/whether 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如:It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not. (right)Whether he is wrong or not doesnt matter. (wrong),5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时, 主语 从句不可提前。例如：,Is that it will rain in the evening likely? (wrong),Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?,(right),引导名词性从句不可省略的连词,引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 介词后的连词,名词性从句,主语从句的引导词 宾语从句的引导词 表语从句的引导词 同位语从句的引导词,
