1、直接引语 Direct Speech,间接引语 Indirect Speech,I love you. Do you love me? Why do you love me? Please answer my question tomorrow.,He said (that) he loved me. He asked me if/whether I loved him. He asked why I loved him. He asked me to answer his question the next day.,.,定义：引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式 一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引
2、号内，称为直接引语; 二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。,直接引语变成间接引语：,陈述句语序 连词使用 人称变化 时态变化 其他变化 特殊情况,1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导，可省略。He said, “I love you.”He said (that) he loved me. 2.直接引语是一般疑问句时，变成间接引语，由连词whether或if 引导。He asked me, “Do you love me?” He asked me if/whether I loved him. 注意：大多数
3、情况下， if和whether 在引导宾语从句时可以互换，但后紧跟or not时,一般只用whether。 He asked me whether or not I loved him . He asked me whether I loved him or not.,连词使用,3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的连接词who, whom, what, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。 He asked, “Why do you love me? ”He asked why I loved him. 4. 直接引语是祈使句，其间接引语由主语+动
4、词ask(委婉语气)，tell(一般语气)，order (命令语气)或warn, advise等+复合宾语(名/代词+动词不定式)构成。 He said, “Please answer my question tomorrow.”He asked me to answer his question the next day.,规律：一从主，二从宾，三不变。 1.如果直接引语的主语是第一人称，变化时，该人称与主句的主语保持一致。He said, “I love you.”He said (that) he loved me. 2.如果直接引语的主语是第二人称， 变化时，该人称与主句的宾语保持一致
5、。He asked me, “Do you love me?” He asked me if/whether I loved him. 3.如果直接引语的主语是第三人称，变化时，该人称保持不变。She said, “Jack is very smart.” She said (that) Jack was very smart.,人称变化,1. 如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句原有时态保持不变。She says, “I love you.” She says that she loves me. 2.如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态会有以下变化。 a.一般现在时一般过去时 b.一般将来时过去
6、将来时 c.现在进行时过去进行时 d.一般过去时过去完成时 e.现在完成时过去完成时,时态变化,其他变化指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及动词都会发生相应的变化,直接引语是客观真理。“The earth moves around the sun, “the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun. 直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Jack said. “John, where were you going?“ Jack asked John where he was going. 直接引语中有具体的过去
7、某年、某月、某日作状语，变间接引语时，时态不变。 Xiao Wang said. “I was born on April 2l, 1980.“ Xiao Wang said he was born on April 21, 1980.,特殊情况（主句为一般过去时，从句时态不变）,直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。He said, “I get up at six every morning,“ He said he gets up at six every morning. 如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to, had
8、 better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。Peter said, “You had better come have today.“ Peter said I had better go there that day.,1.He asked _ for the violin. A.did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 2. Someone is ringing the doorbell. G
9、o and see _. A.who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 3. Can you tell me _? A.how good is his spoken English B. how well his spoken English is C. how well he speaks English D. how good he can speak English 4. He said that he had bought the jacket_. A.before three days B. three days before
10、C. three days ago D. last week,强化练习,5. Did you say_? A. that what he said was true B. that it was true that he said C. what did he say was true D. what he said it was true 6. Please tell me _ from. A. where do you come B. where you come C. where you will come D. there you come 7. Ask her _ come with
11、 us. A.if she will B. if or not she will C. that if she will D. whether will she,8. The driver said that he _ pick _ a passenger at the west street.A.will, up B. would, up C. will, out D. would, out 9. He said he _ in 1993. A.has born B. had been born C. had born D. was born 10. John _ me he was going to help me with my English. A. explained B. spoke C. told D. said,Thank you!,See you next time!,
