1、The Attributive clause 1 定语从句,Grammar,Unit 4,What are attributes(定语)?,1.He is an honest boy.(形容词） 2.The falling/fallen leaves are flying in the sky.(现在/过去分词） 3. Whats your telephone number?（名词） 4.Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. （介词短语） 5.The foreigner who visited our school
2、yesterday is from Canada.（从句）,修饰, 限定,The positions of the attribute:（定语的位置）,1. This is a flower basket. 2. This is a basket full of flowers. 3. This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.（单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。）,定语从句的定义：,在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语从句相当形容词的作用在句中作定语。被修饰的词叫做先行词，连接先行词和
3、从句的叫关系词.,The girl who is brave and clever is Mary.,主句,定语从句,先行词,关系词,e.g.The girl is Mary. Mary is brave and clever.,He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.,定语从句,先行词,引导词,引导词,关系代词:,关系副词：,who, whom, that, which, whose,wherewhenwhy,I will never forget the days when we spent together.,先行词,The wo
4、man _ is a teacher.,Example: 1. a)The woman is a teacher.b)The woman lives next door.,Join the two sentences, using the attributive clause.,who/that lives next door,The woman _ lives next door.,who/that is a teacher,2.a)The nurse is kind. b)The nurse looks after my sister. 3.a)We watched the play “
5、Teahouse”.b)The play was written by Lao She.,The nurse who/that looks after my sister is kind.,We watched the play “ Teahouse” which/taht was written by Lao She.,4.a)The young man is a famous writer. b)You saw the young man yesterday5. a)This is the house.b)Lu Xun once lived in the house.6. a)I know
6、 the doctor.b)His daughter studies abroad.,This is the house which/that Lu Xun once lived in.,I know the doctor whose daughter studies abroad.,The young man (who/whom/that) you saw yesterday is a famous writer.,一. 关系代词,1）. person-,who(主), whom(宾), that(主，宾), whose(所属关系),2.） things-,which, that, whos
7、e（所属关系）,I showed him the letter (which) I received this morning.,e.g.2. Im not interested in the book which has just been published.,e.g.1,1，which 指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。,The apple is mine.,The apple is mine.,The apple is yours.,The apple is small.,The apple is big.,?,which is red,which is green,whic
8、h is red,which is green,2,that指人或物， 在从句中做主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。,Theyre talking about the film (that) Ive seen.,3,whose 指人或物，表所属关系，在从句中作定语。,The girl got first. Her father had given us a report.,The girl whose father had given us a report got first.,That is the new machine. The parts of it are too small to s
9、ee.,Thats the machine whose parts are too small to see.,1. The student _father works in the factory is sitting there.2. I like the rooms _windows face south.3.This is the desk _legs were broken.,whose,whose,whose,4，Who指人，在从句中做主语或宾语（口语），做宾语时可省略,The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policem
10、an.,The man is a police man.He is shaking hands with my father.,the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty,boy,The boy is Tom.,The boy is Tom.,The boy is Tom.,The boy is Tom,The boy is Tom,The boy is Tom.,who is handsome,who is tall,who is strong,who is clever,who is naughty,5，Whom 指人，在
11、句子中做宾语，不能做主语，常可省略。,The man (whom) you met just now is my father.The woman (whom) she is talking with is my sister.,The use of the relative pronoun (关系代词),Have a try,指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang.2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. 3.A child whose parents are dead is c
12、alled Tom.4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday.5. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone whose family was poor. 6. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together.,主语,宾语,定语,宾语,定语,宾语,把下列句子分成两层意思:,1，The one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed
13、 as usual that night.,1 ）The one million people of the city went to bed as usual that night. 2） The one million people of the city thought little of these events.,把下列句子分成两层意思:,2，It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometres away.,1） It was heard in Beijing. 2） Beijing is one hundred kilom
14、etres away.,把下列句子分成两层意思:,3，A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.,1） A huge crack cut across houses, roads and canals.2） A huge crack was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide.,把下列句子分成两层意思:,4，The number of people who were killed
15、 or Injured reached more than 400, 000.,1） The number of people reached more than 400, 000.2 ）People were killed or injured.,把下列句子分成两层意思:,5，Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.,1）Workers built shelters for survivors. 2）The survivors homes had been destroyed.,1,The wom
16、an who lives next door is a teacher.The woman who is a teacher lives next door.,1 The woman is a teacher. 2 The woman lives next door.,Combine the two sentences to one.,2. The boys are from Grade one. The boys are playing basketball.,The boys are from Grade One.,who/that are playing basketball,The b
17、oys who/that are from Grade one are playing basketball.,3. The nurse is kind. The nurse looks after my sister.,The nurse is kind.,who/that looks after my sister,4. We watched the play “ Teahouse”.The play was written by Lao She.,We watched the play “teahouse”,which/that was written by Lao She.,5. Th
18、e young man is a famous writer. You saw the young man yesterday.,The young man is a famous writer.,whom/who/that you saw yesterday,6. This is the house.Lu Xun once lived in the house.,This is the house,which/that Lu Xun once lived in.,7. Where is the girl?You talked with her last Sunday.,Where is th
19、e girl,who/whom/that you talked with last Sunday?,例 1. The man _ gave you the talk yesterday is our teacher.,that/who,指人: that/who (主语),例2: The boy_ the nurse is looking after is my friend.,(who/whom/that),指人: who/whom/that(宾语,可省略),例4: The question_ I dont understand is about grammar.,(that/which),指
20、物: that/which (宾语,可省略),例3: The car_ is red was damaged yesterday.,that/which,指物: that/which (主语),例5. Yesterday she talked with one woman _ husband died in that accident.A. which B. whoseC. of which D. that,B,关系代词表示先行词的所属关系，指人和物时都用whose,可理解为“的”,Titanic is the ship _sank afterhitting an iceberg.,which
21、/that,_,Zhang Guorong is a pop star _ died in the fall in March,2003.,who/that,Beijing is the city has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.,_,the city/ get the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games,which /that,Ye Xin is a nurse died in the fight against SARS.,a nurse/ die in the fight agai
22、nst SARS,who/that,Which baby is Jack?,穿红裤子的baby是Jack。,The baby is Jack.,whose trousers are red,Jack,Which house is mine?,房顶是棕色的房子是我的。,The house is mine.,whose roof is brown,My house, that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。,I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.,Ive read all t
23、he books that are not mine.,This is the first book (that) he has read.,This is the very book that belongs to him.,(1) 当先行词是all, everything, nothing, something,anything, little, much 等不定代词时或被all, every, no, some, any, little, much few only等修饰时.,(2)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,(3)先行词被the only, the very, the same,
24、the last修饰时。,(5)当先行词是系动词be后面的表语时，关系代词用that.,(4)当并列的两个先行词分别表示人或物, 用关系代词that,We were deeply impressed by the teachers and the schools that we had visited there.,Practice: 1. The girl _ is sitting in the chair is a singer. 2. None of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake. 3. Is this the boy
25、 _ name you told me just now? 4. Where is the dog _ bit the boy? 5. The coat _ she bought two years ago is old.,who/that,(which/that),whose,which/that,(that/who/whom),6. Look at that lady_name is Pochi.7. He is a teacher_I like very much.8. Those pictures_were drawn by Tom are nice.9. Those _will go
26、 to the park stay here.,whose,whom/that,which/that,who,10. That was all the money _I had.11. Tom is the first boy _left the room.12. Look at the boy and his dog _are coming this way.13. You can read any book _I have.14. Those _will go to the park stay here.15. That was all the money _I had.,that,that,that,that,who,that,
