1、一、名词性从句 1、分类 语法功能：主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句连接词：that从句wh-从句（who/whom/whose/where),(1).引导主语从句 、置于句首，不能省略That he is still alive is sheer luck. 、置于句末，通常用it 作先行词It isnt surprising that you have failed your exam.如果以that从句为主语的句子是疑问句，只能用it作形式主语结构Is it possible that he would run a company.,that从句,(2).引导宾语从句、较短的句子，可省。从句
2、太长，不宜省。两个及两个以上从句同时作宾语时，最后一个that不能省She admitted (that) you had known her before, and that you had sent a gift to her.、that 从句可跟在形式宾语it 之后作介词的实际宾语Im looking forward it that he will forgive me.,、固定搭配：in that 因为 except that 除了 save that 除了 besides that 除了 but that 要不是He hates her in that she is noisy. 、
3、that 从句 双宾语结构动词advice、ask、assure、promise、question、warm可省间接宾语He asked (us) that we should pay the bill.tell、inform、remind、show、teach 不能省间接宾语He told us that we should pay the bill.,、当主句谓语动词为assume、believe、expect、guess、imagine、suppose、think等表示“认为”、“猜想”的动词时，否定主句往往是否定去宾语从句的意义I didnt expect that he came.
4、此类动词主语为I 第一人称时，变反义疑问句应变宾语从句中的谓语动词I dont expect that he understands it, does he? 而其他人称则变主句中的谓语动词He said that she wasnt a good singer, didnt he?,、在doubt、doubtful引导的宾语从句中，主句为肯定句，连接词则用whether、if; 主句为否定句或疑问句，则用thatI doubt whether he will believe me.I dont doubt that he will believe me.,(3).引导表语从句What he
5、said is that he wont come here again.当主语为reason时，表语从句要用that引导，不要误用becauseThe reason why I came here was that I wanted to apologize to you.,(4).引导同位语从句that从句作同位语时，是具体说明与之同位名词的实际内容The fact that he wont come let me down.有时同位语从句会被个别词分开The fact came to me that he wont come here.同位语从句与定语从句的区别在于：前者的连接词不充当成
6、分，而后者一定要充当He told us the news that he would come here.(同)He told us the news that he got from the newspaper.(定),That从句与wh引导的名词性从句区别在于:that不作成分，而wh连词要作一定成分What is most important in life isnt mony.(what引导主语从句，并在从句中充当主语)We could see the runners very well from where we stood.(where引导宾语从句，并在从句中作地点状语),二、定
7、语从句 1、定义是指在复合句中修饰n或代词的从句。被修饰n为先行词，由关系代词和关系副词引出。关系代词who、whom、whose、which、that等关系副词when、where、why等,2、一般的that引导的定语从句 (1).that可指人或物，代替who、whom、which等在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语The man that/who is looking at me is bad.The man that/whom you talked about is bad.(2).that作关系副词时，常代替when、where、why等，通常可以省略We will seek a fi
8、ne day (that) well go hiking.(代替when)当先行词为the way时，不用how引导，而用that、in which，或省略Its the way (that/in which) I like.,3、只能由that引导的定语从句 (1).先行词为人与物I saw the woman and her pet that were playing together.(2).先行词有序数词或最高级修饰He was the first one that came here.He is the most stupid guy that I have ever seen.(3
9、).先行词前有the only、the last、very、the same、all与 no、any、every等组成的复合词时There is nothing that you can do for me.,(4).以疑问词（who、which、what）开头的疑问句中，为避免重复，用that代替Who is the girl that has long curly hair?(5).当定语从句为There be句型是，只能用that，但可以省略He knows the difference (that) there is between you.(6).It is that句型中，表示强调
10、It is this book that I was looking for.当先行词为人时，可用whoIt is you who/that are to blame.,关系代词that和关系副词why都不能引导非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉句子意思不明确He is the man who I met yesterday.非限制性定语从句是先行词的补充说明，去掉了不影响主句意思，通常与主句有逗号隔开I am going to spent my holiday in Suzhou, where I have been dreaming for a long time.,
