1、 高等教育自学考试冲刺模拟试卷一(英 语 专 业)英汉翻译教程(三)Part One. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and
2、 expressiveness.1. For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home.A. 对英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份把这带到了家。 B. 对英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织把我们送到了家。C. 对我们英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们对这一点深有感触。D. 对我们英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份使我们如鱼得水。2. So now he contrived an eager, ing
3、ratiating smile, which he bestowed on Mr. Squires.A. 因此他就装出急切的、迷人的笑，并投向史奎尔先生。B. 因此他就装出殷切的、拍马的笑，并把这笑赠予史奎尔先生。C. 因此他就对史奎尔先生装出一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。D. 因此他就给史奎尔先生设计了一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。3. “People disappear in that river every year,” one of the policemen said to me that afternoon, half in dismay, half in frustration.A. “这条河里
4、年年都有人消失，”当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。B. “这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。C. “这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。D. “年年都有人消失在这条河里，”当天下午警察中的一个半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。4. As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase “environmental law” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from many
5、lawyers.A. 早在六十年代初， “环保法”这个词儿甚至会使许多律师感到纳闷。B. 早在六十年代初， “环保法”这个词儿很可能会在人们的脸上引起纳闷的表情，甚至许多律师也是这样。C. 就在六十年代初，甚至连许多律师接触到“环保法”这个词儿，大半也只会感到纳闷而已。D. 早在六十年代初， “环保法”这个词儿很可能会在人们的脸上，甚至许多律师的脸上，引起纳闷的表情。5. On behalf of all of your American guests, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chi
6、nese people are just famous throughout the world.A. 我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们的无可比拟的盛情款待表示感谢。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界。B. 我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界。C. 我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的闻名世界的无可比拟的盛情款待。D. 我谨代表你们所有的美国客人感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界，果然名不虚传。6. Bill was given a chair and asked to wait a
7、 little as darkness came on, then suddenly the whole bridge was outlined in lights.A. 天快黑了，有人给比尔一把椅子，请他坐下等一会儿。忽然电灯全亮了，整座大桥的轮廓被灯照了出来。B. 给比尔一把椅子，他被要求坐下等一会儿，天快黑了。忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整座大桥的轮廓。C. 天快黑了，有人给比尔一把椅子，请他坐下等一会儿。忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整座大桥的轮廓。D. 给比尔一把椅子，他被要求坐下等一会儿，天快黑了。忽然电灯全亮了，整座大桥的轮廓被灯照了出来。7. 他们要求惩办卖国贼曹汝霖、陆宗舆、章宗祥，并火烧
8、了曹宅，痛打了章宗祥。A. They called for punishment to be meted out to the traitors Cao Rulin, Lu Zongyu and Zhang Zongxiang. They set fire to Caos residence. They beat up Zhang.B. Calling for punishment to be meted out to the traitors Cao Rulin, Lu Zongyu and Zhang Zongxiang, and setting fire to Caos residenc
9、e, they beat up Zhang.C. They called for punishment to be meted out to the traitors Cao Rulin, Lu Zongyu and Zhang Zongxiang, set fire to Caos residence and beat up Zhang.D. They called for punishment to be meted out to the traitors Cao Rulin, Lu Zongyu and Zhang Zongxiang. They set fire to Caos res
10、idence and beat up Zhang.8. 梵蒂冈就是在圣彼得教堂附近，是罗马教皇的宫殿，这是一个国中之国。A. Vatican is near to St. Peters. It is the palace of the Pope in Rome. It is a country within a country.B. Standing beside St. Peters, Vatican, the palace of the Pope in Rome, is a country within a country.C. Vatican which stands in the ne
11、ighborhood of St. Peters is the palace of the Pope in Rome and is a country within a country.D. Not far from St. Peters was the Vatican, the palace of the Pope in Rome, constituting a country within a country.9. 演员们唱完戏还要各自找点活干，有人拉排子车，有人卖破烂，卖烟卷，当小工，拾烟头是普遍现象。A. After singing they would find other work
12、 to do. Some pulled handcarts, some sold junk or sold cigarettes, and others hired themselves out as coolies or cigarette stubs collectors.B. After acting they had to find other work. Some pulled handcarts, some sold junk or cigarettes, and others hired themselves out as coolies, or collected cigare
13、tte stubs.C. Apart from acting they had to find other work. Often they pulled handcarts, sold junk or cigarettes, hired themselves out as coolies, or collected cigarette stubs.D. After singing the opera they would find other work for themselves to do. They hired themselves out as carters, junk or ci
14、garette sellers, coolies or cigarette stubs collectors.10. 相互了解是发展国与国之间关系的前提。惟有相互了解，才能增进信任，加强合作。A. Mutual understanding is the precondition for international relations. Only with it, it would be possible for countries to build trust and promote cooperation with one another.B. International relations
15、 are preconditioned by mutual understanding with which it would be possible for countries to build trust and promote cooperation with each other.C. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. Without it, it would be impossible for countries to build trust and promote cooperation
16、with one another.D. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations, without which it would be impossible for countries to build trust and cooperation with one another.B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D.
17、Select the one that best completes each statement.11. 翻译的基本功在汉译英中主要是指，(1)拼法正确，(2)合乎用法，(3)。A. 句子平稳 B. 语法正确C. 修辞准确 D. 熟悉习语12. 我国近代翻译理论中最有影响的，要算 提出的“信、达、雅”了。A. 鲁迅 B. 茅盾C. 严复 D. 林纾13. “以效果而论，翻译应当像临画一样，所求的不在形似而在神似。”是的观点。A. 傅雷 B. 茅盾C. 朱光潜 D. 王佐良14. 认为， “如果所有的语言形式不同，译者要保存内容，自然就必须改变形式”。A. 费道罗夫 B. 奈达和泰伯C. 泰特
18、勒 D. 巴尔胡达罗夫15. 文学作品中，对话往往占很大比例。对话一般用口语体，与叙述部分使用的语言不同。翻译时，要注意。A. 心理描写 B. 文体差别C. 运用反译 D. 运用直译Part Two. Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)A. Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.16. Industrial Revolution 工业革命17. VIP 要人18. commercial agriculture 商业化农业19. per capita GNP 人均国民生产
19、总值20. whet the appetites 引起兴趣21. insinuate oneself into sbs good grace 巧妙地讨得某人欢心22. from antiquity 自古以来23. in unison 齐声、异口同声24. turn ones back on 置之不理25. environmental law 环境保护法B. Directions: Put the following phrases into English.26. 年均增长率 annual average increase rate27. 手语 sign language28. 深重的民族危机
20、 a grave national crisis29. 中国新民主主义革命 Chinas new democratic revolution30. 中低产田 medium- and low-yield land31. 瓢泼大雨 rain cats and dogs32. 不可抗力 force majeure33. 内陆水域 inland waters34. 畜产品 animal by-products35. 国际海洋年 International Ocean Year. Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each)Directio
21、ns: Each of the following translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translations. A. Example:原文：He asked after you.译文：他在你之后发问。改译：他问起你的情况。36. 原文：Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me.译文：愤怒和痛苦捕捉了我。-我又气又恨，感到非常苦恼37. 原文：I tried vainly to put the broken pieces together.译文：我徒然地试图把这些碎片拼
22、在一起。我想把这些碎片拼在一起，可是拼不起来38. 原文：“Oh yes, youre right. Id forgotten it in the middle of all my excitement.”译文：“哦，是啦，你讲对了。我在这一阵激动之中把它给忘了。”我太激动了，把这事给忘了。39. 原文：Some families would sell out for nearly nothing and move away.译文：有几户人家变卖了田地房屋，几乎不要一分钱，迁到别处去了。随便换几个钱40. 原文：“Gruss Gott, Graulein Maria,” six voices
23、echoed in unison. Six perfect bows followed.译文：“玛丽亚小姐，您好！”六个声音齐声说道。接着是一本正经的六个躬。接着又一本正经地鞠了六个躬。41. 原文：To protect the whale from the cold of the Arctic seas, nature has provided it with a thick covering of fat called blubber.译文：大自然为了保护鲸鱼，使它不致在北冰洋受冻，便给它提供了厚厚的一层脂肪，叫鲸脂。便让它长了厚厚的一层脂肪B. Example:原文：展望 21世纪，我们
24、坚信前景将更加美好。译文：Look into the 21 st century, we are convinced that there lies an even brighter future.改译：Looking into the 21st century, we are convinced that there lies an even brighter future.42. 原文：这个文化运动，当时还没有可能普及到工农群众中去。译文：At that time this cultural movement was not yet possible to become widely di
25、ffused among the workers and peasants. At that time it was not yet possible for this cultural movement43. 原文：有一年的冬初，四叔家里要换女工，做中人的卫老婆子带她进来了。Early one winter, when my译文：Early one winter, my uncles family wanted a new maid, Old Mrs. Wei the go-between brought her along.44. 原文：在文化上，要积极建设面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的
26、，民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化。oriented to modernization.译文：Culturally, we will work hard to develop a socialist culture that is national, scientific and popular, a culture that is faced to modernization, to the world and to the future.45. 原文：合营企业的有关外汇事宜，应遵照中华人民共和国外汇管理条例办理。its foreign exchange transactions译文：An e
27、quity joint venture shall handle its foreign exchange affairs in accordance with the regulations on foreign exchange control of the Peoples Republic of China.Paragraph Translation (30 points)A. Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (20 points)46. Vegetable oil has been known from
28、 antiquity. No household can get on without it, for it is used in cooking. Perfumes may be made from the oils of certain flowers. Soaps are made from vegetable and animal oils.植物油自古以来就为人们所熟悉。任何家庭都离不开它，因为做饭的时候就要用它。有些花儿产生的油可以用来制造香水。植物油和动物油还可以用来制作肥皂。 Two metal surfaces rubbing together cause friction a
29、nd heat; but if they are separated by a thin film of oil, the friction and heat are reduced. No machine would work for long if it were not properly lubricated. The oil used for this purpose must be of the correct thickness; if it is too thin it will not give sufficient lubrication, and if it is too
30、thick it will not reach all parts that must be lubricated. 两个金属面相擦，就要产生摩擦和热；但如果在他们之间抹上薄薄的一层油，就可以减少摩擦，降低热度。任何机械如果不使用一定的润滑剂，就不能持续工作。润滑油浓度必须适当，太稀则起不到应有的润滑作用，太稠则流不到所有需要润滑的零件。B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (10 points)47. 她不很爱说话，别人问了才回答，答的也不多。直到十几天之后，这才陆续的知道她家里还有严厉的婆婆；一个小叔子，十
31、多岁，能打柴了；她是春天没了丈夫的；他本来也打柴为生，比她小十岁，大家所知道的就只是这一点。She said little, only answering briefly when asked a question. Thus it took them a dozen days or so to find out bit by bit that she had strict mother-in-law at home and a brother-in-law of ten or so, old enough to cut wood. Her husband, who had died that
32、 spring, had been a woodcutter too, and had been ten years younger than she was. The little was all they could learn.英汉翻译教程 模拟二Part One. Multiple Choice Questions A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences， each followed by four different versions marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that is
33、 the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.1. At the edge of the fields， rising in dramatic hills or stretching flat to the horizon， lay the brown barren deserts.A. 田地外边是寸草不生的棕色沙漠，有的地方突然隆起像是小山，有的地方则平平的伸向地平线。 B. 田地外边隆起着小山，或平平地伸向地平线的土地，还有寸草不生的棕色沙漠。C. 田地边上戏剧性地隆起着，或平铺
34、着小山，还有光秃秃的棕色沙漠。D. 田地外边戏剧性地隆起着小山，平铺着地平线，伸展着光秃秃的棕色沙漠。2. Somehow our path took us toward the park， across the footbridge high above the rolling waters of the Los Angeles River.A.道路不知不觉带我们朝公园走去。公园就在小桥那边，桥下很深的地方，汹涌的洛杉矶河水滚滚流过。B.不知怎地，道路带着我们跨过高悬在汹涌的洛杉矶河水之上的小桥朝公园走去。C.我们不知不觉朝公园走去。公园就在小桥那边，桥下很深的地方，汹涌的洛杉矶河水滚滚流过
35、。D. 我们不知不觉地跨过高悬在汹涌的洛杉矶河水之上的小桥朝公园走去。3. Oh， but all the rules of self-preservation were broken when we saw that little face， filled with the terror of death， being sucked downstream.A. 喔，可是自我保护的条条框框统统被打破了，当我们看见那张小脸带着害怕淹死的恐怖神情被激流吸到下游的时候。B. 啊，可是明哲保身的金科玉律统统被打破了，当我们看见那张充满了死亡的恐怖的小脸被激流越冲越远的时候。C. 是啊！不过一看见那张小
36、脸带着害怕淹死的恐怖神情被激流越冲越远，我们就把明哲保身的金科玉律统统打破了。D. 哎呀！不过一看见那张小脸带着害怕淹死的恐怖神情被激流吸食时，自我保护的条条框框就被统统打破了。4. I remember that the Gabilan Mountains to the east of the valley were light gay mountains full of sun and loveliness and a kind of invitation， so that you wanted to climb into their warm foothills.A. 我记得河谷东边的加
37、比伦山脉呈现出一片浅灰色，充满了阳光和可爱，仿佛向你殷勤邀请，你不禁想爬上暖洋洋的山丘。B. 我记得河谷东边的加比伦山脉呈现出一片浅灰色，阳光璀璨、明媚可爱，仿佛向你殷勤邀请，以致于你想爬上暖洋洋的山麓小丘。C. 我记得河谷东边的加比伦山脉呈现出一片浅灰色，总是阳光璀璨、明媚可爱，仿佛向你殷勤邀请，你不禁想爬上暖洋洋的山麓小丘。D. 我记得河谷东边的加比伦山脉呈现出一片浅灰色，阳光明媚，惹人爱怜，仿佛是一张请柬，邀你爬上暖洋洋的山丘。5. In 1965 a court action took place that ranks in environmental importance with
38、the publication of Silent Spring.A.1965年发生了一件诉讼，这件诉讼对环境保护意义重大，可以与沉默的春天的出版媲美。B. 1965年发生了一件诉讼，其对环境之重要意义，不亚于沉默的春天的出版。C. 1965年发生了一件诉讼，这件诉讼对环境保护意义重大，可与沉默的春天的出版并列在一起。D. 1965年发生了一件对环境保护意义重大的诉讼，可以与沉默的春天的出版并列在一起。6. In fact， there is hardly a realm of national life that is not touched by the controversy that
39、often pits those who style themselves environmentalists against proponents of economic growth in our energy-consuming society.A.事实上，几乎没有国民生活的哪个方面没有被这样一种争议涉及这种争议往往使以环境论者自居的人同美国耗能社会经济增长主张者对立起来。B. 事实上，国民生活的任何一个方面都无不涉及这样一种争议这种争议往往使以环境论者自居的人同美国耗能社会经济增长主张者对立起来。C. 事实上，这样一种争议几乎被国民生活的任何方面涉及这种争议往往使以环境者自居的人同美国
40、耗能社会经济增长主张者对立起来。D. 事实上，国民生活的任何方面都涉及这样一种争议这种争议往往使以环境论者自居的人同美国耗能社会经济增长主张者对立起来。7. And as it is fed by other streams of thought; it is deepened and broadened by the concepts and generalizations that are gradually evolved.A. 由于各种思想支流注入其中，新的概念和结论陆续产生，又使它势头逐渐加强，得以加深和展宽。B. 由于许多人从事研究工作，各种别的思想支流注入其中，势头逐渐加强。新的
41、概念和结论陆续产生，又使它得以加深和展宽。C. 由于许多人从事研究工作，各种思想像支流一样注入其中，势头逐渐加强。新的概念和结论陆续产生，又使它得以加深和展宽。D. 由于许多人从事研究工作，各种思想像支流一样注入其中，新的概念和结论陆续产生，又使它势头逐渐加强，得以加深和展宽。8. 他们高呼“外争国权，内惩国贼”、“废除二十一条”等口号，举行示威游行。A. They held a demonstration， shouting such slogans as “Defend our sovereignty， punish the traitors!”， “Abolishing the Twen
42、ty-one demands!”.B. Holding a demonstration， they shouted such slogans as “Defend our sovereignty， punish the traitors!”， “Abolishing the Twenty-one demands!”.C. They held a demonstration and they shouted such slogans as “Defend our sovereignty， punish the traitors!”，“Abolishing the Twenty-one deman
43、ds!”.D. They shouted such slogans as “Defend our sovereignty， punish the traitors!”， “Abolishing the Twenty-one demands!”， and held a demonstration.9. 如今，能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。A. I am asked to write a preface to this collection of his essays and I find it a great honor.B. I am able to write a preface
44、to this collection of his essays and I feel it a great honor.C. Being able to write a preface to this collection of his essays， I feel greatly honored.D. I find it a great honor to be asked to write a preface to this collection of his essays.10. 每天天不亮戴着星星去排队，工厂没开大门就排上老长的队了。A. Everyday we wore stars
45、to stand in a queue， which grew very long before the gate of the factory opened.B. Everyday we queued up with stars over our heads. The gate of the factory did not open when the queue grew very long.C. We had to queue up before dawn when there were still stars in the sky. A long queue formed before
46、the mills gate opened.D. We had to queue up before every starry dawn. The queue was very long before the mills gate opened.B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements， each followed by four choices marked A， B， C and D. Select the one that best completes each statement.11. 翻译初学者应
47、该注意两个标准，一是，二是。A. 忠实、明白 B. 通顺、易懂C. 忠实、古雅 D. 忠实、通顺12. 是唐高僧，俗称唐僧，著名的佛经翻译家，曾游学天竺，回国后翻译了大量经卷。A. 释道安 B. 鸠摩罗什C. 玄奘 D. 竺法兰13. “要根据原作语言的不同情况，来决定其中该直译的就直译，该意译的就意译。一部好的译作总是既有直译又有意译的：凡能直译处坚持直译，必须意译处则放手意译。”是的观点。A. 鲁迅 B. 茅盾C. 朱光潜 D. 王佐良14. 英语不喜欢重复，如果在一句话里，或相连的几句话里重复某个词语，则。A. 用代词代替 B. 干脆省去C. 用动词替代 D. 用句子替代15. 一件事情
48、，往往可以从不同的角度来加以说明。原文从正面说的，译文可以从反面来说，这就是。A. 胡译 B. 省略翻译C. 反译 D. 直译Part Two. Phrase Translation A. Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.16. more than ten years ones junior Key比某人年轻十岁 17. give a dinner in ones honor17. 为某人举行宴会18. agricultural experiment station18. 农业试验站19. sum total 19. 总额、
49、总量20. diesel locomotive20. 柴油机车21. the Arctic Seas 21. 北冰洋22. Clean Air Act22. 空气洁净法23. male sterilization technique 23. 雄性不育术24. economic liberalization24. 经济自由化25. at the cost of25. 以为代价B. Directions: Put the following phrases into English.26. 伸冤 redress the injustice27. 注册资本 registered capital28. 北洋军阀政府 the Northern Warlord Government29. 国中之国30. 振兴中华31. 年初一32. 董事会33. 可再生资源34. 九龙壁35. 初步繁荣昌盛. Translation Improvement Directions: Each of the following translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translation
