1、下列定义所表示的名称:1.a minimum unit of meaning :(morpheme)2.a morpheme to which affixescan be added : (root) 3.a linguistic form that can occur as an independent word: (free form) 4.a morpheme that must occur with at least one other morpheme: (bound form) 5.a bound morpheme attached to a base (root or stem)
2、: (affix) 6.an affix attached to the beginning of a base (root or stem ): (prefix) 7.an affix attached to the end of a base (root or stem) : (suffix) 8.an affix (in English,usually a suffix) that changes the form of a word without changing its part of speech or basic meaning: (inflectional affix) 9.
3、the process by which noninfectional affixes are added to roots to form words: (derivation) 10.the process of joining together two linguistic forms which can function independently : (compounding)各组单词中共同的粘着词根、其词源及语义:1.acoustic,acoustical,acoumeter,acoustician,acoustics,acouphone:(acou-听,GK)2aerodomes
4、tics,erodrome,erodynamic,aerofoil,aerogramme,aerolite,aerography,aeronautics,aerophysics,aeroplane,aerosphere: (aero-空气 GK)3.agenda,agent,agile, active,actor,actual,enact,inactive,transact,interact,react:(ag-,ac-做 L)4.agrarian,agricultural,agriculture,agrimotor,agrobiology,agrochemical,agrology,agro
5、nomic,agronomy,agrostology,agrotechnique,agrotechny,agrotown,agrotype: (agr-土地 L)5.altimeter,altimetry,altitude,alto,exalt,contralto: (alt-高 L)6.amateur,amatory,amiable,amicable,amorous,enamoured,unamiable:(am-,amor-爱 L)7.Ample,ampleness,amply,amplidyne,amplification,amplifier,amplify,amplitude,radi
6、oamplifier: (ampl-充足 L) 8.annals,annual,perennial,centennial,annuity,biennial: (ann-年 L)9anthropology,philanthropist,misanthropical,anthropotomy,anthropogeneses,anthropography,anthropophagus: (anthrop- 人类 GK)10aqualung,aquanaut,aquaplane,aquanelle,aquarium,aquatic,aqueous,aquiculture,aquosity,subaqu
7、atic,subaqueous,terraqueous,aqueduct: (aqu-水 L)11archangel,archbishop,arch-criminal,archdeacon,archdiocese,archenemy,archfiend: (arch- 首要 GK)12asterisk,asterism,asteroid,astrodome,astrodynamics,astrograph,astrologer,astrology,astronautics,astronavigation,astronomer,astronomy: (astr- 星 GK)13atmospher
8、e,atmolysis,atmometer,atmeter,atmoseal,atmospherics:(atmo-气体 GK)14audible,audibility,inaudible,audience,audiology,audio-visual,audiometer,audiophile,audiophile,audition,auditor,auditorium: (aud- 听 L)15atoalarm,autobiographer,autoboat,autobus,autochrome,autoclave,autocrat,autograph,autoinfection,auto
9、mate,automatic,automation,automobile,autonomy,autotruck,autotype: (auto- 自己 GK)16barodynamics,barogram,barograph,barometric,barothermograph:(bar-压力 GK)17bathymeter,bathymetric,bathysphere,bathythermograph:(bathy-深海的 GK)18Bible,bibliofilm,bibliography,bibliology,bibliolater,bibliomania,bibliophile,bi
10、bliophilism,bibliopole,bibliotheca,bibliotic,bibliotist: (biblio- 书籍 GK)19bioassay,biocatalyst,biochemistry,biocide,bioclean,bioclimatic,bioclimatolgy,bioelectricity,biology,biogeneses,biogenic,biogeography,biography,biometerology,bionics,bioscope,biosyntheses,biotic: (bio- 生命 GK) 20.Breve,breviary,
11、brevirostrate,brevity,brief,abbreviate,abridge: (bre- 简短 L) 用否定前缀 in-(及其变体),non-,un-构成下列单词的反义词:mature:im regular:ir considerate:in noble:in contentious:non legitimate:il metal:non passive:im ferrous:non accuracy:in endurable:un variance:in inductive: non legible:il reasonable:un rational:ir scrupulo
12、us:un staple: non balance:im legalize:il写出下列单词中前缀的意义:antecedent: before byproduct: near apocope: off enclose: in endobiotic: inside epitaph: outside expire: out foretell: before hypocrite: beneath include: in infrared: under intercede: between: intramural: within introspect: into outbid: exceeding o
13、verwork: beyond postgraduate: after precede: before proceed: forward retrospect:back subscribe: below superman: above supramundane: beyond transmit: across ultraconservatism: extreme以所列的单词为第一个成分,根据定义写出复合名词(A)green: 1.a stretch of land,round a town,where building is not allowed,so that fields woods,e
14、tc,remain:greenbelt 2.a shop-keeper who sells vegetables and fruit:greengrocer 3.a young,inexperienced person,especially male,who is easily cheated: greenhorn 4.a room in a theatre or concert hall where actors musicians,etc.,can rest when not performing :greenroom(B)hand: 1.a small bag for a woman t
15、o carry her money and personal things in: handbag2.a short book giving all the most important information about a subject: handbook 3.an apparatus that stops a vehicle,worked by the drivers hand: handbreak 4.a bar of wood or metal fixed beside a place where one walks for holding onto,especially near
16、 stairs: handrail(C)after: .The care or treatment to someone after a period in hospital,prison,etc: aftercare 2.an effect (usually unpleasant) that follows some time after the cause or after the main effect: aftereffect 3.a taste that stays in the mouth after the food that caused it in no longer the
17、re : aftertaste 4.an idea that comes later: afterthought(D)sleeping: a large thick envelope or bag of warm material for sleeping in when camping:sleeping bag a railway carriage with beds for passengers:sleeping cara pill which helps a person to sleep:sleeping pill.a partner in a business who takes n
18、o active part in its operation: sleeping partner(E) running :1. a person with whom another is running for a pair of political positions of greater or less importance,especially those of President and vice-Prisident: running mate 2. handwriting in which the letters are slanted and the words formed wi
19、thout lifting the pen : running hand 3.a headline repeated on consecutive pages (as of a book):running head 4.a footboard especially at the side of an automobile: running board(F)wash: 1.a large fixed basin for water for washing ones hands and face: washbasin2.a movable board with a wavy surface aga
20、inst which clothes may be rubbed when washing: washboard 3.a woman whose job is to wash clothes,often in her own home:washerwoman 4.a cloth that is used for washing ones face and body : washcloth(G)sun:1.the condition of having sore skin after experiencing the effects of strong sunlight:sunburn 2a f
21、lash of sunlight,especially through a break in clouds: sunburst3.the time when the sun is seen to disappear as night begins:sunset4.strong sunlight,as when there are no clouds:sunshine(H)break:1.aa sudden failure in operation:breakdown2.the unlawful cantering of a building,using force : break-in3.th
22、e action of forcing a way through the enemy: breakthrough4.a division int smaller parts:breakup(I)out:1.sudden appearance or beginning of something bad:outbreak2.a public show of anger:outcry 3.money spent for a purpose :outlay4.a way through which something (usually a liquid or a gas )may go out: o
23、utlet将下列复合动词译成汉语Blue-pencil:修改 ,校正 cold-shoulder:冷淡 court-martial:对.进行军法审判 Handcuff:将.上手铐 pitch-fork:骤然；把.塞进 sandbag:用沙袋阻塞Shipwreck:船只失事 short-circuit:使短路 snowball:(滚雪球似的) 增长 Wisecrack:说俏皮话找出下列句子中由名词转化的动词(答案为黑体字的原形)1.A shy,frightened child”Name the Czar of Russia”2.At once the villagers formed a cir
24、cle3.Agamermnon with the rest of the Greek army sailed away4.Almost before the Trojans could arm themselves5.I began to see would expect a large purse stuffed with6.A few years ago the landlady locked the front 7.An upstairs,questioned the men and 8.The children headed toward school9.Like the,branch
25、ing out10.An hour went by and darkness still shrouded11.They boarded boats12.The day-to-dayhard to measure,13.,smog results14.There are a few success stories in battling air15.Pollution can be trapped before16.If nations traded item17.Shes the one whos sapped your confidence.18.,fairly well dressed
26、but19.The young by pocketing the money.20.But the preparation to flake off even形容词转动词(答案为黑体字的原形)1.Calming down,2.Such was Pompeii has been cleared away.3.Houses and clothes must be cleaned more frequently4.”helped raise the standard of living and lower the standard of air”5.There his father opened a
27、 business6.The Academy of Science was closed to him 7.to rise are cooled and8.He emptied out9.,and it took half an hour to free him 10.The wet clothes will soon dry in the sun.动词转名词(答案为黑体字的原形)1.Why is thisenormous increase in population to the spread of the 2.came to the aid of the surgeon3.I know m
28、y friends from the feel of their faces.4.personalities by touch5.,between serves6.of his slow grins7.an appealing look.8.has given rise to these9.as if it were a chew of tobacco.10.get rid of Rex. 写出下列报刊标题中使用的截短词的全称1.US auto workers end strike.(automobile)2.Soviet sub off Japan.(submarine)3.Palestin
29、ian demos mark massacres.(demonstrations)4.US:first use of nuke weapons not unlawful.(nuclear)5.Viet troops suffer setback in Kampuchea.(Vietnamese)6.Iran asks for into on stolen gems.(information)7.Petrochemical Corp builds 42 banks.(corporation)8.Rural-credit co-ops to get more autonomy.(cooperati
30、ves)9.W Europe acts to meet high-tech challenge.(high-technology)10.Setback for governing parties in Euro vote.(European)写出下列首字母拼音词的全称并译成汉语1.AIM: Air Intercept Missile 空中截击导弹2.BADGE: Base Air Defence Ground Environment 基地防空地面警备系统3.BAR: Browning Automatic Rifle 勃朗宁自动步枪4.CAR: Civil Air Regulations 民航条
31、例5.CORE: Congress of Racial Equality 争取权平等大会6.DOP: developing-out paper 相纸7.FIAT: Fabbrica Italiana Automobili 菲亚特汽车公司8.MAP: Military Aid Program 军事援助计划9.MOSS: manned orbital space station 在人轨道空站10.MOUSE: minimum orbital unmanned satellite the earth 不载人的最小地球卫星11.NANA: North America Newspaper Allianc
32、e 北美报业联盟12.NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织13.OPEC;Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织14.SALT: Strategic Arms Limitation Talks 限制战略武器会谈15.SAM: surface-to-air missile 地对空导弹16.SEATO: Southeast Asia Treaty Organizaion 东南亚条约组织17.SHAPE: Supreme Head quarters of Alli
33、ed Powers in Europe 欧洲盟军最高司令部18.UFO :Unidentified Flying Object 不明飞行物19.Vera: Vision electronic recording apparatus 电子录像机20.Zip: Zone improvement plan 邮政编码制度写出下列复合动词是什么词逆生而来1.globe-trot:globe-trotter 2brainwash:brainwashing 3.ghost-write:ghost-writer 4.sleep-walk:sleep-walker 5.spoon-feed:spoon-fed
34、6.air-condition:air-conditioning 7.book-keep:book-keeper 8.browbeat:browbeating 9caretake:caretaker 10.gatecrash:gatecrasher 11.housebreak:housebreaker 12.housekeep:housekeeper 13.mass-produce:mass-production 14.muckrake:muckraker 15.proof-read:proof-reading 16.sightsee:sightseeing 17.stage-manage:s
35、tage-manager 18.merry-make:merry-making 19.street-walk:street-walker 20.window-shop:window-shopping 下列概念意义可以用什么英语单词确切的表达出来:A.1.to walk laboriously,with effort:pold,trudge2.to walk like a duck:waddle3.to walk in a pompous or affected manner:struct4.to slide and drag the feet:stagger5.to walk in a loo
36、se,ungainly way:slouch6.to walk with long steps:stride7.to walk affectedly with short steps:mince8.to walk slowly,wasting time:dawdle9.to walk as if wearing slippers:shuffle10.to walk in a busy,active way:hustleB.1.to speak in a slow,prolonged manner:drawl2.to make involuntary breaks in utterance:st
37、ammer3.to express displeasure with compressed lips:mutter 4.to talk rapidly,making inarticulate sounds:gabble5.to pronounce the sibilant letter imperfectly:lisp6.to have a friendly talk about family things:chat,yarn7.to spread idle gossipe:tattle8.to talk on and an about trifling,childish things:pra
38、ttle9.to speak with contempt:sneer10.to speak fanatically:rave根据下列动物的属性,指出他们的象征意义:1.ant:frugality and provision 2.ape:uncleanness,malice,lust 3.bat:blindness 4.bear:illtemper 5.bee:industey 6.bull:strength 7.calf:lumpshness 8.camel:submission 9.cat:deceit 10.cock:vigilance 11.crocodile:hypocrisy 12.
39、crow:longevity 13.dog:fidelity 14.dove:innocence 15.eagle:majesty 16.elephant:sagacity 17fly:feebleness 18.fox:cunning 19goose:conceit 20.hare:timidity 下列名词都来自古英语,写出与下列名词对应的源拉丁语的形容词:1.brother:fraternal 2.Cat:feline 3.child:puerile 4.daughter:filial 5.day:diurnal 6.dog:canine 7.ear:auricular 8.earth:
40、terrestrial 9.egg:oval 10.eye:ocular 11.father:paternal 12.fire:igneous 13.foe:hostile 14.fox:vulpine 15.friend:amicable 16.hand:manual 17.head:capital 18.heart:cordial 19.heaven:celestial 20.horse:equine 21.husband:marital 22.kidney:renal 23.knight:equestrian 24.life:vital 25.light:lucid 26.lip:lab
41、ial 27.man:human 28.milk:lactic 29.mind:mental 30.moon:lunar 31.mother:maternal 32.mouth:oral 33.name:nominal 34.night:nocturnal 35.nose:nasal 36.ox:bovine 37.room:spacious 38.sea:marine 39. sheep:ovine40.sight:visible 41.skin:cutaneous 42.son:filial 43.spring:vernal 44.stream:fluvial 45.star:stella
42、r 46.sun:solar 47.time:temporal 48.tongue:lingual 49.tooth:dental 50.town:urban 51.tree:arboreal 52.truth:veracious 53.war:bellicose 54.water:aqueous 55.wife:conjugal 56.world:mundane 57.worm:vermicular 58.woman:feminine 59.youth:juvenile 60.book:literaey选择适当的单词填入句子1.He waited with( bated) breath.2.
43、The brother and sister are both (blondes).3.There is a (break)in the clouds.4.Her (bridal) grown was trimmed with lace.5.A (pedal) of the bicycle fell off.6.Cromwell (reigned) over England like a king.7.The wreckers began to (raze) the building.8.Although we watched carefully,the guard remained (sta
44、tionary) for one hour.9.Edgar cannot sail until he has a full (complement) of men for his crew,and 10.Eric was a tireless scholar,he would (pore)over his books without a break until.将下列各组词分别填入句子A 1 .Johnnature was so (sanguine) that we all felt cheered up.2. The battle was so (sanguinary) that hardl
45、y a combatant .B 1. We could not have a worse judge than the one we had,he was completely (uninterested) in the case and 2. We could not have a better judge than Judge Blandford; he was friendly,knowledgeable,and above all completely (disinterested).C 1. Although we played them on even terms for the
46、 first half,the second half was a (rout). 2. To get to our cottage you follow (route).D 1. The (official) in charge of the game2. Time was so (officious)in his new jobE 1. The dress was made of synthetic ( material).2. The general needs more troops and (materiel).F 1. The (moral) of the story.2. The
47、 (morale) of our troops is high.G 1. All men are (fallible).2.The argument,convincing to be (fallacious).H 1. Some say Shakespeare takes (precedence) over all .2. There was no (precedent)for the granting of a .I 1. John,who was sullen and (taciturn) by nature,found that .2. They arrived at a (tacit)
48、 agreement.J 1.The building plans are (impracticable).2.My husband ,but he is so (unpractical)that he cannot 用英语解释下列句子中 help 及其派生词的意义1.If you want to lose some weight,Jim,you must start avoiding second helpings.(second servings)2.“God help me !”he murmured(protest)3.He gave us a helping hand when we were in trouble.(i.e.he helped us)4. Yes,I know hes a rascal,but I cant help liking him.( i.e.I cant but like him)5.Did you have any help from anyone wi
