1、 现代热门词汇词义新解G 2008-01-30 改革开放 reform and opening-up; reform and opening to the outside world改革开放的总设计师 chief architect of the reform and opening up policy改革开放和社会主义现代化建设 reform and opening and in the modernization drive改革试点 pilot reform; reform experimentation; pilot restructuring enterprise盖洛普民意调查 Gal
2、lup Poll盖帽了 great; excellent; wonderful概念车 concept car概念商品 concept goods 改善农民进城就业环境 improve the employment environment for rural workers in cities改善农牧民生产生活条件 improve the living and production conditions of farmers and herdsmen改善缺医少药的状况 alleviate the shortage of medical services and medicines改制上市 (of
3、 an enterprise)get listed on the stock market after being re-organized according the modern corporate system 改革开放和现代化建设的全过程 the entire process of reform, opening-up and modernization干部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化 make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary, younger in average age, better educated and professio
4、nally more competent 干部下放 arrange for cadres to go to work at grassroots units or participate in physical labor 感到不妙 I smell a rat. 尴尬，困境，糟糕 pretty pass 甘居下游 be resigned to backwardness 感情投资 investment in human relationships赶时髦 follow the fashion; want to be in the swim of things 干细胞 stem cell 感谢款待的
5、信 a bread and butter letter (a letter sent as thanks for being treated well as someones guest) 赶超先进 surpass the advanced港澳台 Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan 港人治港 Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong 岗位津贴 post allowance岗位培训 on-the-job training 岗位责任制 work post responsibility港务局 port office; harbor auth
6、ority 高保真音乐 hi-fi music高材生 top student高层次、全方位的对话 high-level and all-directional dialogue 高产优质 high yield and high quality 告吹 fizzle out; fall through; fail高等教育“211 工程” the “211” Project for higher education 高等教育自学考试 self-study higher education examination高度自治 high degree of autonomy 高端产品 high-end pr
7、oduct高发期 high-incidence season高分低能 high scores and low abilities高峰 peak time高峰论坛 summit forum 高干 high-ranking official; senior cadre高杠杆交易机构 highly-leveraged institutions(HLI) 高官会 Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) 搞花架子 do something superficial搞活国营大中型企业 invigorate large and medium-sized state-owned enter
8、prises告急 be in an emergency; report an emergency; ask for emergency help高级检察官 senior public procurator高级经理人员 high-level managerial personnel; senior personnel高级商务师 certified business executive; senior business engineer; high-level economist; senior commercialist 高级设备 sophisticated equipment 高技术产业化 a
9、pply high technology to production 高架公路 elevated highway; overhead road 高架轻轨 elevated railway高精尖技术 high-grade, high-precision, advanced technology高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻“三个代表”重要思想 hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of “Three Represents“高考 college (or universit
10、y) entrance examination高科技板块 high-tech sector 高难度动作 stunner, stunt 高清晰度 high definition 高清晰度电视 high definition TV高手 master hand, expert(精通电脑和网络的)高手 geek高危人群 high-risk group高消费 high consumption高效节能 energy-efficient高校扩招后首批毕业生 college graduates who were the first to be enrolled under the college expans
11、ion of 1999高校扩招计划 college expansion plan告小状 secretly report on somebody; rat on somebody高新技术产业开发区 high-tech industrial development zone 高新技术产业化 industrial application of new and high technologies高压手段 high-pressure tactics高原反应,高山反应 altitude stress; altitude sickness 高知 high-level intellectual高指标 high
12、 target高净值 high net worth (In Britain, the number of women of “high net worth“ status (classified as those with onshore liquid assets of more than 200,000) overtook men in 2005 - with 448,100 rich women compared to 429,300 men.)高素质新型军事人才 high- caliber military personnel高致病性禽流感 highly pathogenic bird
13、 flu个案 individual case (involving special circumstances)各大菜系 major styles of cooking 个股 individual share各行各业 every walk of life 隔行扫描 interlacing scan各尽所能 let each person do his best; from each according to his ability 各就各位 On your marks!隔离病房 isolation ward(公路）隔离带 median strip 格列佛游记 Gullivers Travels
14、 革命老区 old revolutionary base areas革命气派 revolutionary mettle革命伤残军人 disabled revolutionary servicemen鸽派 dove faction个人成就感 sense of personal achievement个人储蓄帐户 personal savings account个人购房贷款 individual housing loan个人结算帐户 personal clearing account个人理财计划 personal financing plan各人民团体 mass organizations个人收入
15、应税申报制度 the system of the declaration of individual incomes for tax payment 个人收入调节税 individual (personal) income regulation tax个人数字助理 PDA (personal digital assistant)个人所得税 personal income tax个人信用制度 individual credit rating system个人演唱会 solo concert个人银行卡帐户 personal bank card account个人质押贷款 personal pled
16、ged loan各人自扫门前雪， 莫管他人瓦上霜 hoe ones own potatoes 个体户，个体经营 privately or individually-owned business个体经济 private economy根本政治制度 fundamental political system 跟屁虫 1.ones shadow; to tag along; 2. flatterer, boot licker, ass-kisser, brown-noser跟着感觉走 go with the flow; follow ones heart; do what one thinks is
17、right跟踪审计 follow-up auditing 根除腐败 root out corruption; eliminate corruption更加注重搞好宏观调控，更加注重统筹兼顾，更加注重以人为本 pay more attention to exercising macro-control, balancing the interests of all parties, putting people first.更快、更高、更强（奥运精神） Citius, Altius, Fortius ( Faster, Higher, Stronger-Olympic Spirit )更紧密经贸
18、关系的安排 CEPA; Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement个人护理用品 personal care supplies个人隐私 individual privacy各种所有制金融企业 financial enterprises of different ownership工笔 traditional Chinese realistic painting共产党领导下的多党合作与政治协商 multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of Communist
19、Party工程公司 engineering company 工程验收 acceptance check of work公房商品化 commercialization of public housing公费旅游 junket; facility trip公费医疗 free medical service; free medicare; public health service功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits. 工夫茶 congou-a kind of Chinese black tea prepared with care功夫片 kungfu
20、film公告板服务 Bulletin Board Service (BBS) 公共卫生设施 public health infrastructure公关 public relations攻关 tackle a critical point攻关计划 the Program for Tackling Key Problems 公积金 public accumulation fund; public reserve funds公检法机关 public security organs, procuratorial organs and peoples courts 公开喊价市场 open outcry
21、 market 公款吃喝 recreational activities using public funds 工龄工资 seniority pay公民投票 referendum; plebiscite公平定价 arms-length pricing公平合理 fairness and justifiableness工商局 industrial and commercial bureau 工商联营 combined management of industry and commerce工时 man-hour公司分立与解散 separation and dissolution of a compa
22、ny公私合营 public-private joint management公司债券 corporate bond共同安全 common security共同富裕 common prosperity 共同利益 common interests公务员 civil servant恭喜发财 May you be prosperous!; Wish you prosperity.工薪阶层 salaried person/group 公休 work recess供养资金 funding工业股票 industrial stock工业化和城镇化水平 levels of industrialization a
23、nd urbanization工业控制一体化 integrated industrial control; industrial control of integration 工业停滞 industrial stagnation工业园区 industrial park 公益广告 public-interest ad公益活动 public benefit activities公益林 public welfare forest 公益性文化事业 non-profit cultural undertakings 公益性文化事业 non-profit cultural undertakings公证 no
24、tary service公证财产 notarize the properties 公正、公平、公开 just, fair and open公众投资 public investments工资税 payroll tax工资削减 pay-cut工作狂 workaholic工作室 studio工作午餐 working lunch公平竞争 fair competition公共监查 public oversight公共汽车候车亭 bus shelter公共文化基础设施 culture-related facilities for public use公开或变相涨价 to raise prices open
25、ly or in convert forms公勺（多人吃饭时公用的） service spoon公司犯罪 corporate abuse / crime / cheat / fraud / wrongdoing / misconduct 共同关心的问题 issue of common concern共同基金 mutual funds公益文化活动 nonprofit cultural programs公有制 public ownership公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度 the basic economic system of keeping public ownership
26、 as the mainstay of the economy and allowing diverse forms of ownership to develop side by side公众听证会 public hearings工资正常增长机制 a mechanism for regular pay increases购买力 purchasing power购买欲 desire to buy; desire to purchase狗腿子 henchman; lackey; hired thug购物车 shopping trolley购物券 coupon构想 conceptualizatio
27、n狗仔队 “dog packs; paparazzo (singular), paparazzi(plural) (It refers to those journalists who are hunting the news of celebrities.)“ 股本 share capital 股本回报率 return on equity 股本金 equity capital 固定电话运营商 fixed-line telecom carrier 固定电话初装费 installation fees for fixed-line telephones固定资产投资 investment in th
28、e fixed assets; fixed asset investment股东会 board of shareholders股份公司 joint-stock company股份合作制 shareholding cooperative system有限责任公司 limited liability company 股份有限公司 limited liability company 股份制 shareholding system; joint-stock system 骨干企业 key enterprise 鼓励奖 consolation prize股民 investor股票期权 the stock
29、 option 股票转让制度 the stock-transfer system股市行情 the ups and downs of the stock market股指 stock index刮鼻子 criticize; reprimand挂靠 be attached or affiliated to; be subordinate to 挂靠户 an adjunct organization挂牌开业 hang out ones shingle; put ones name plate in (a certain street)挂职 1) take a temporary post (in o
30、rder to temper oneself); 2) serve in a lower level unit for a period while retaining ones position in the previous unit 挂职下放 transfer to lower units with ones post retained关闭效应 blackout effect观潮派 those who take a wait-and-see attitude; fence-straddler观光电梯 sightseeing (tourist) lift关联交易 connected tra
31、nsaction 关贸总协定(世界贸易组织的前身) GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关门态度 closed-door attitude官商 state-operated commerce关税壁垒 customs barrier; tariff wall 关税配额 tariff quota关停并转 close down, suspend operation, merge with others or shift to different line of production; rationalize观望态度 wait-and-see a
32、ttitude关系网 connection network; relationship network关于进一步加强农村教育工作的决定 Decision on Further Strengthening Rural Education冠状病毒 corona virus广播电视大学 radio and television university光碟，光盘 compact disk; CD广而告之 publicize widely 广告词 jingle广告代理行 advertising agent广告电话直销 direct response advertising 广告画 poster广告妙语 a
33、ttention-getter广告人 advertising man; adman广告宣传车 loudspeaker van; sound truck光谷 optical valley 光机电一体化 “optical, mechanical and electronic integration“ 广交会 The China Export Commodities Fair 广开财路 make full use of all talents 广开就业门路 create more employment opportunities 光缆 optic cable光盘杂志 CD-ROM magazine
34、光通信 photo-communication; optical communication 广域网 wide area network (WAN) 广种薄收 extensive cultivation; wide sowing but meager harvesta method of cultivation: the cultivated area is large but the per area yield is relatively low（手机）关机 power off管理办法 measures for administration管理规定 provisions on admini
35、stration管理条例 regulations on administration官煤勾结 government officials in cahoots with coalmine operators; government officials act in collusion with coalmine operators冠名 title sponsorship冠名赞助商 title sponsor股权分置改革 state share sale reform; equity division reform; split-share reform关税下调 tariff reduction关
36、系户 closely-related units关于预防煤矿生产安全事故的特别规定 Special Regulations for Preventing Coalmine Accidents 刮痧 Holographic Meridian Scraping Therapy (Guasha)固定电话 fixed-line telephone固定汇率 fixed exchange rate股份制改造 shareholding reform规避 circumvention 轨道站 orbit station规范分配秩序 Rationalize the relations of income dist
37、ribution规范民办教育 standardize non-government funded schools归国留学生 returned students 归口管理 put under centralized management by specialized departments; centralized management by specified departments 规模经济 scale economy, economies of scale 规模经营 scale management规模效益 scale merit归侨 returned overseas Chinese 皈
38、依三宝 become a Buddhist 轨道舱 orbital module鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济 encourage, support and guide the growth of the non-public sector of the economy滚雪球 snowball - (of a plan, problem, etc.) to grow bigger on an increasing rate国奥队 the National Olympic Team国产化率 import substitution rate; localization rate of parts a
39、nd components 过度放牧 overgraze过度开垦 excess land reclamation 过度投资行业 over-invested industries国防动员体制 the mobilization for national defense 国防动员体制 the mobilization system for national defense国防科工委 State Commission of Science and Technology for National Defense Industry 国货 domestics过火 go too far国际奥委会 the In
40、ternational Olympic Committee (IOC)国际标准化组织 ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 国际承诺 international commitments国际公认的警戒线 internationally accepted alarm level国际惯例 international common practice 国际海域 international waters国际化战略 internationalization strategy 国际货币基金组织 IMF (International Monet
41、ary Fund) 国际禁止化学武器组织 organization for the prohibition of chemical weapons (OPCW)国际恐怖主义 international terrorism国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization) 国际联盟 international coalition国际贸易伙伴 international trading partner国计民生 the national economy and the peoples livelihood国际民用航空公约(1944) The Internati
42、onal Civil Aviation Covenant 国际清算 international settlement 国际日期变更线 International Date Line (IDL) 国际商业机器公司 International Business Machine Corporation (IBM) 国际社会 the international community国际收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment 国际玩笑 play a large-scale joke国际先驱论坛报 International Herald Tribune 国际自
43、然保护联盟 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources国际足球联盟 Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA)国家财政贴息贷款 discount government loan国家创新体系 state innovation system国家环保总局 State Environmental Protection Administration 国家级特殊津贴 special state allowance国家级卫生城市 state-le
44、vel hygiene city国家经济体制改革委员会 the State Commission for Restructuring the Economic Systems 国家控股公司 state-controlling company 国家普通话水平考试 National Proficiency Test of Putonghua 国家体育总局 State Physical Culture Administration 国家外汇储备 state foreign exchange reserves国家一级保护 first-grade State protection 国家质量技术监督局 t
45、he State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision国家中长期科学和技术发展规划 a national medium- to long-range program for scientific and technological development国家重点科技攻关项目 national key scientific and technological project 国脚 player of the national football team; footballer of the national team 过境签证 transit v
46、isa国库券 treasury bonds 过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork国民党 Kuomintang 国民经济的综合平衡 overall balance in national economy国民经济支柱产业 pillar industry in national economy 国民生产总值 gross national product (GNP) 国内生产总值 gross domestic product (GDP) 国内游 inbound tourism过山车 roller coaster国事访问 state visit过失赔偿责任；无过失赔偿责任 l
47、iability with fault；liability without fault 过失责任 liability of fault 国书 state credentials国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace国土资源部 Ministry of Land and Resources 国土资源管理 land and resources administration国外旅游 overseas travel国务卿 Secretary Of State (in America)过硬 have a perfect mastery of
48、过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little 国有独资商业银行 wholly state-funded commercial bank国有股 state-owned shares 国有股减持 state stock reduction; reduce states stake in listed companies国有及国有控股工业企业 state-owned industrial enterp
49、rises and enterprises whose controlling stake was owned by the state国有企业股份制改革继续推进 fresh progress was made in transforming state-owned enterprises into stock companies国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障向失业保险并轨 integrate the subsistence allowances for laid-off workers into the unemployment insurance system国有商业银行股份制改造试点方案 pilot plan to transform state-owned commercial banks into stock entities国有资产管理体制 State property management system国有资产监督管理委员会 the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission国有资产流失 loss of state-owned assets国债贴息贷款 T-bond discount loans 国债投资 treasury bond in
