1、,征服语法之非谓语动词-不定式,框架,To love for the sake of being loved is human, but to love for the sake of loving is Angelic.因为被爱而爱，是人之常情； 因为爱而爱，则超凡脱俗；,经典考题,_ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded,上纲上线：,非谓语四大特点： 1不
2、定式、动名词和分词可以做很多不同的句子成分，但是唯独不能单独做谓语；Some people like playing football. Some people playing football.,2不定式、动名词和分词具有各种形态：原形、主动语态、被动语态、进行时态和完成时态；,3不定式和动名词可以做主语、宾语、表语补语等，不管其什么作用都具有动词功能，但是不具有语法上的功能；Whether to accept his invitation depends on my time.What I care is to win the competition.,4分词起着形容词和副词作用，可作表语
3、，定语，状语和复合结构中的复合宾语，但是不能做主语和宾语； Bitten by a dog, I had to see a doctor. She found her house robbed. The birds flying in the sky are very beautiful. She is standing in the air.,不定式,不定式的概述不定式的基本用法不定式的特殊句型,不定式的概述,1 不定式构成：to +动词原形He seems to have read that novel.They were reported to have flying across th
4、e Atlantic.,2不定式的时态和语态,不定式的时态,现在时：不定式的一般现在时表示的动作，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词之后； He seems to know this. I hope to see you again.,进行时：表示正在发生的动作，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生；He seems to be eating something.,完成时：表示动作发生在谓语动词之前I am sorry to have given you so much trouble.He seems to have caught a cold.,完成进行时：表示句子的主要谓语动词
5、所表示的动作发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行，不定式的动作从过去某个时段发生一直持续到现在；She is known to have been working in our company for more than twenty years.,不定式的语态,不定式现在时被动语态： To be done 不定式的完成时的被动语态： To have been done,不定式的否定形式,动词不定时的否定形式是在不定式符号前加notThe teacher warned the students not to cheat in the examinations.She pretended not t
6、o see me when I passed by.,不定式的基本用法：,作主语 作宾语 做补语 做表语 做定语 做状语,不定式作主语,1. it 做形式主语，不定式做真正主语 It took me five minutes to fall in love with you.It is impossible to defeat a person who never gives up.,It is better to love someone you cant have than to have someone you cant love.,It 做形式主语，不定式作逻辑主语时一般有介词for,
7、 of等引导；It is easy for me to do that.It is very hard for him to study two languages.,当用it is +adj+ of sb. To do sth 一般表示人物的品行和行为特征，its 后面多用表示主观情感和态度的形容词； It is very kind of you to say this.It is very rude of you to do this.,翻译：,你这样子对待女孩子是很粗鲁的。It is very rude of you to do this to the girls.It is very
8、rude of you to treat girls like this.,辨析：,It is +adj of sb. To do sth It is +adj for sb. To do sthIt is nice_ you. It is hard_ you.用介词后面的代词作主语，介词之前的形容词作表语，如果能组成句子就用of,否则就用for.,It is foolish_ you to do this.It is easy _ herIt is very generous _ them,不定式作宾语,1.动词+不定时 必须接不定式的动词： Afford, aim, appear, agr
9、ee, arrange, ask, be, bother, care, choose, dare, demand, desire, determine, elect, expect, fail, happen, help, learn, mean, offer, plan, prepare, seem等,He failed to hand in his paper in time.I happened to meet a pretty girl who turned out to be my teacher.,2.动词+疑问词+不定式Please show us how to do that.
10、There are so many kinds of MP3-players that I cant make my mind which to buy.,不定式做补语,1. 动词+宾语+不定式-作宾语补足语 常用动词有：advise，allow，appoint, believe, cause, command, compel, consider, declare, drive, enable, encourage, find, force, hire, induce, inform, instruct, judge, remind, report, require, suppose, tru
11、st, urge等,Father will do not allow us to play on the street.We believe him to be guilty.,不定式做表语,不定式放于be动词后面，作表语；My work is to clean the room everyday.His dream is to be a doctor.,不定式作定语,不定式作定语通常放在被修饰词的后面I have a lot of work to do.He made some candles to give light.She has a lot of things to consider
12、.,不定式作状语,目的状语结果状语原因状语,目的状语：不定式可放于句首或句尾To prevent war, big or small, it is important to promote international understanding.She worked hard to catch up with some others.,结果状语：表示事先没有料到，放于句尾What I have said to make you angry?She beat other players to take the first place in the badminton game.,原因状语：I a
13、m glad to see you.I was really a fool not to listen to you at that moment.,不定式特殊句型：,Too to 句型： She is too young to go to school.He is too excited to speak.,注意：,1.如果在too 前有否定词，整个句子变为肯定意义：意味不太 Its never too old to learn.2.当too 前面有only, all, but意思为：非常 I am only too pleased to be able to help you. He was but too eager to get home.,
