1、省略简单句中的省略1.省略主语:祈使句中的主语通常省略,其他省略主语多限于少数现成的说法See you tomorrow.Doesnt matter2.省略主语和谓语或主谓语的一部分(Will you )have a smoke?吸支烟吗?3.there be 句型的省略(is there)anything i can do for you/4.感叹句中的省略What a beautiful flower!=what a beautiful flower it is!5.简单句中的省略在交际用语中的体现-how are you? -(I am)fine, thank you.并列句中的省略,
2、在由并列连词 and, but, or 等连接的并列句中,后面的分句可以省略与前面分句中相同的成分,以免重复。She was young but(she was)brave.复合句中的省略 1.状语从句中的省略(1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或主语是 it 时,从句的主语和谓语部分的 be 动词可以省略。He opened his lips as if (he were)to speak.The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected.(2)含有 if 的省略结构有:Error , if (there are)any,s
3、hould be corrected.如果有的话Get up early tomorrow, if not(if you dont get up early), you will miss the first bus.如果不的话Come tomorrow,if possible.如果可能的话I will buy a TV set if necessary.如果有必要的话If so, you must go at once.如果这样的话(3)If 虚拟条件句中有 should/had/were 时,if 可以省略,从句中的主谓要倒装Were they here now, they could h
4、elp us.=If they were here now, they could help us.如果现在他们在这里,他们会帮助我们。2.定语从句中的省略(1)在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词 that, which, whom 可以省略(whom, which 紧跟在介词后不可省略)(2)当先行词为表示方式的 the way 时,从句中若缺少方式状语时,可用 that/in which 引导,或将两者省略。3.名词性从句中的省略(1)当连接词 that 引导的宾语从句作动词的宾语时,常可以省略 that。但当动词后接两个或两个以上 that 引导的宾语从句时,只有第一个连接词可以省略。(
5、2)表示命令,建议,要求等一类后面的从句中谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,可以省略。一坚持(insist )二命令(order, command)三建议(suggest, propose, advise)五要求(require, request, demand, desire, ask)当 insist 表示“坚持认为”,suggest 表示“表明,暗示” 后面宾语从句不用虚拟语气(以上动词对应的意义相同的名词后跟同位语从句,表语从句和宾语从句的用法一致)不定式的省略1.有些动词后跟不定式作宾语是,可以将其动词省略而保留 to,这样的动词常见的有:want, wish, expect,
6、hope, like, love, try, love, forget, prefer, mean 等-I am going climbing. Will you go with me.-Id like to(go with you)2.如果不定式中含有 be, have(完成时中的助动词) ,have been 时,通常要保留他们。 He is not a scientist now, but he hopes to be(a scientist)in future.They havent completed the project, but they ought to have(compl
7、ete it)3.当两个或两个以上的不定式并列时,第一个带 to,第二个 to 可以省略。My work is to look after the chldren and(to) teach them English.4.当不定式作表语时,如果前面的主语出现实义动词 do 的某种形式,则不定式中的 to 可以省略。All that he could so was (to)wait.5.感官动词和使役动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式不能带 to。His boss made him work 12 hours a day.He was made to work 12 hours a day.6.介词
8、but,expect(除了)前有实义动词 do 的某种形式,后面的不定式不带 to。She could do nothing but wait for anotherchance.介词的省略一些与动词、名词或形容词一起搭配的介词常可以省略,而保留其后的动名词。Have difficulty/trouble (in)doing sth.Be busy(in) doing sth名词的省略名词所有格后的名词,如果是住宅、店铺、教堂或者上下文已经暗示或明确指出过的事物时可以省略。At the baraers (shop), i me one of my old friends yesterday.(理发店)