1、高考短文改错,2012.2.4,改错特点,短文改错是几大题型中最简单的一道题。 基本上无生僻的语言障碍和偏、怪、难的语句结构。 宗旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性，通过阅读测试考生发现、判断、纠正错误的能力，来考查他们在句法、语法、惯用法及逻辑推理等方面的综合运用能力。,现状分析,从历年评卷反馈的信息来看多数考生得分不高。原因如下： 1.重视程度不够。考生在这一题型上没有用足时间， 考试大纲给出的参考答题时间有十分钟，但多数考生往往三五分钟就草草做完了； 2.语法知识薄弱。 掌握做题的方法和技巧也很关键。,方法和技巧,1.要先通读全文， 理解大意， 再逐句改错；切忌拿起题就盲目的改错，
2、只见树木不见树林；2.先把固定搭配、习惯用法、主谓一致、代词一致、时态语态等方面的简单错误找出来并改正；3.认真复读，确定答案。剩下几处不容易发现错误要从以下几个方面检查。 1）连词错误， 2）表趋向的动词和副词(go/come, take/bring, here/there)的错误。3） 词义的重叠， 4）双介词的情况。若仍然还有两处以上找不出错误，换个角度思考；有没有多词或者漏词的情况等，因为规范的试题在错误和改法设置上是这样安排的。,改错格式,文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。没出错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删
3、除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。,使用口诀,短文改错要做好， 常见类型应牢记。 名词爱考数和格， 冠词在前错多少。 动词时态和语态， 非谓语搭配莫错了。 介词多半靠搭配， 错漏多用想周到。 连代形副错一样， 多是故意来混淆 句法涉及到一致， 从句常考关系词。 句法词法均未错， 逻辑关系去寻找。,动词形，名词数，注意是形还是副； 非谓动词细辨别，习惯用法要记住； 句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注。,（1） We stopped to rest for a
4、while and to drink some waters from a stream. （全国卷）（2） We climb everywhere, not only in America. We have been to Europe many time. （全国卷）（3） There are branch library in many villages.（全国卷）（4） I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon. （全国卷）（5） Today I visited the Smiths my first tim
5、e visit to an American family. （全国卷）,library 改为 libraries，因其前的谓语are为复数,time改为 times，many times 意为“许多次”,waters 改为water，因“水”为物质名词，不可数,去掉time，因first 已含有“次”的意思,times 改为 time，some time 意为“某时”,（6） They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question. （全国卷）（7） We study quite a few s
6、ubject， such as maths, Chinese, English and physics. （全国卷）（8） and often watch football match on TV together. （全国卷）（9） Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day!（北京春季卷）（10） She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success. （全国卷）,question 改为 questions,subject 改为 subjects,match 改
7、为 matches,return改为 returns，many happy returns of the day！ 为祝贺生日的惯用表达,schoolmate 改为 schoolmates,（11） I used to love science class all of them biology， chemistry， geography, physics. （北京春季卷）（12） They did not want me to do any work at family. （全国卷）（13） so that Ill get good marks in all my subject. （全国卷
8、）（14） On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. （全国卷）（15） No one worries much about the radio program young people listen to. （北京春季卷）,class 改为 classes,family 改为 home，因 at home 为固定短语,subject 改为 subjects,picture 改为 pictures,program 改为 programs,（16） Their word were a g
9、reat encouragement to me. （全国卷） （17） You know， that was a dinner we had waited for several month.“（江苏卷）（18） but after class we become stranger at once. （全国卷） （19） You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet. （广西卷）（20） Nowadays millions of people of all age take pleasur
10、e in a hobby（浙江卷）,word 改为 words,month 改为 months,stranger改为strangers,minute改为minutes,age改为ages，因谈到不止一个人的年龄，age用复数；of all ages指各个年龄阶段的人,（21） She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when （福建卷）（22） Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. （湖北卷）,homeworks改为homework,Knowledges 改为knowled
11、ge,可数名词单数变复数, 一般加s 以s, x, ss, ch, sh, o结尾的加es ：buses, boxes, classes, watches, brushes, hero heroes 但有些以o结尾的名词，是加s构成复数：kilo kilos, piano pianos, radio radios, photo photos, zoo zoos 以辅音字母 + y 结尾的改y为i，再加es ：city cities, story stories 以f 或fe结尾的，一般将f或fe改为v，再加es ：knife knives, leaf leaves 但有些以f 结尾的名词，是在
12、f后加s，构成复数形式：belief beliefs, roof roofs, safe（保险箱） safes, proof（证据） proofs, chief chiefs, handkerchief handkerchiefs,常被误认为是可数名词的不可数名词,progress advice fun information furniture work baggage luggage news jewelry weather paper (纸张) equipment trouble knowledge homework,模拟单句演练 （1） Women live longer than m
13、en in most country. （2） The film is very interesting. I have seen it many time. （3） Its said that all the ticket have been sold out. （4） The children spend a lot of times watching TV. （5） I met a lot of interesting peoples on holiday. （6） The flower in the park were all pleasing. （7） As the day went
14、 by， she became less anxious. （8） Computer are becoming more and more popular in the country.,（9） Its one of the most interesting book that Ive ever read. （10） He made his first time visit to China when he was 18. （11） Hearing the news， the woman burst into tear. （12） He hasnt lived here long， but h
15、e has a great many friend here. （13） I was afraid she would have left for family when I got there. （14） Hes getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures. （15） Theres a papers factory near our school.,名词的普通格作定语,表材料、地点、用途、性质、泛指时间、整体等普通名词可以作定语，一般用单数形式。 e.g. stone figures（石像）；paper mone
16、y（纸币）；country music（乡村音乐）；table cloth（桌布）；river bank（河岸）；school gate（校门口）；book stores（书店）；traffic lights（交通灯）；summer holidays（暑假）；evening dress（晚礼服）。,真题单句归纳 （1） After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened. （全国卷） （2） I decided to climb the tree to see where we were. （全国卷） （2） Some people read
17、 the books or watch television while others have sports. （全国卷） （3） Good health is persons most valuable possession. （全国卷） （4） Modern people know more about the health， have better food， and live in clearer surroundings. （全国卷）,a 改为 an,去掉 the，因这里的 books 表泛指，不表特指,去掉 the，因health 表泛指,persons 前加 a,the 改为
18、a,（5） There is public library in every town in Britain. （全国卷） （6） Maybe you could come during a winter holidays. （全国卷）（7） Today I visited the Smiths my first visit to a American family. （全国卷） （8） Each player must obey captain， who is the leader of the team. （全国卷）（9） Some wanted to see the programme
19、while others preferred another. （全国卷）,a 改为 an,a 改为 the，因从含义上看，此处的 winter holidays 属特指或者是谈话双方都知道的,captain 前加冠词 the，captain 为特指,public library 前加 a,the 改为 one，one 与下一行的 another 构成“一个另一个”,（10） Ill take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday. （北京春季卷）（11） Suddenly， I caught a sight of my
20、 English teacher in the crowd. （全国卷） （12） For example， when I was a child， the rain was a mystery（奥秘）。 （北京春季卷） （13） We may be one family and live under a same roof. （全国卷）（14） As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. （全国卷）,wonderful 前加 a，该表达与 have a good time 类似，其中
21、的 a 不可省,去掉 the，rain 在此泛指,catch sight of 是习语，意为“看见、瞥见”,a 改为 the，因 same 前应用定冠词,在 famous 前加 a,（15） My teacher advised me to keep my diary. （my diary 改为 a diary，keep a diary 意为“写日记”） （全国卷） （16） When I was boy， the most exciting thing was to celebrate the Spring Festival. （boy 前加 a，因 boy 为可数名词） （江苏卷） （16
22、） On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend. （a 改为 the，因这不是泛指的周末，而是特指本周周末）（四川卷） （17） And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of their own and discover an interest which can even last lifetime. （lifetime 前加a，指人的一生是 a lifetime） （浙江卷） （18） Ten minutes later
23、， the firemen came and put out fire. （fire 前加 the，因这是特指的一场火灾） （福建卷）,（19） As we all left home at early age， （early前加an，at an early age意为“在年幼时”） （天津卷）w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m （20） My grandma was the best cooker in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. （cooker 改为cook，比较：cook=炊事员，cooker=炊具） （江苏
24、卷）,模拟单句演练 （1） Her sister， who is nurse， will marry one of the doctors in the hospital. （2） It was such wonderful dinner that we enjoyed it very much. （3） It was raining hard， so I had to borrow a umbrella. （4） My friend Mary comes from an European country. （5） Mr Smith used to be physics teacher til
25、l he turned writer. （6） In small village like this， everybody knows everybody else. （7） Only few of the children can read such books. （8） For long time neither of us spoke to each other.,（9） Look， a girl in blue is my cousin. （10） Look！ A car has stopped there. A car is beautiful. （11） She asked whe
26、ther we came from a same city. （12） The mountain was covered with the snow all the year round. （13） You dont know what wonderful time weve had. （14） People made the fun of her because she wore such strange clothes. （15） Soon the plane was out of the sigh （16） Great changes have taken the place in my
27、 hometown since 1978. （17） In the word， he is a good student and all of us like him. （18） You say you took the book without his permission. In the other words， you stole it.,真题单句归纳 （1） We were driving along a narrow road when the car stop（stop改为stopped） （全国卷） （2） and had returned to the car！ Bill is
28、 standing at the side of the car （is 改为 was） （全国卷） （3） Two months ago they were back in America. Last Sunday， police cars hurry to the（hurry 改为 hurried） （全国卷） （4） Today， it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past. （第二个is 改为 was） （全国卷） （5） Also， scientists and doctors had learned how to d
29、eal with many diseases. （had 改为 have） （全国卷）,（6） Anyone may borrow books， and it cost nothing to borrow them. （cost 改为 costs） （全国卷） （7） If the book you will want is out， you may ask for it to be called back for you. （去掉 will） （全国卷） （8） I had always wanted to return to the village after moving away an
30、d it is really great to see most of my old friends again. （is 改为 was） （全国卷） （9） They offered me coffee and other drinks. We have a good time talking and laughing together. （have 改为 had） （全国卷） （10） I learn about you from my English teacher， Miss Fang. （learn 改为learned） （全国卷）,（11） My favourite sport i
31、s football. I was a member of our school football team. （was 改为 is） （全国卷） （12） I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot of time arguing and there was no way of settling the matter except by selling the set. （am 改为 was） （全国卷） （13） Id like very much to come but I had an examination on
32、Monday morning. It is a very （had 改为have） （北京春） （14） I remembered her words and calm down. （calm改为calmed）（全国卷）,（15） They did not want me to do any work at home； they want me to devote all my time to （did 改为 do） （全国卷） （16） He said he is busy. （is 改为 was） （北京春） （17） On the way up I was busy taking pic
33、tures since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. （passes 改为 passed） （全国卷） （18） But his parents think going to college is more important than playing sports and college was the only place for a smart boy like his son. （was 改为 is） （安徽卷） （19） At once I apologize and controlled myseff
34、at my best till the dinner started.（apologize改为 apologized） （江苏卷）,（20） Sometimes， we talked to each other very well in class， but after class we become stranger at once. （talked改为 talk） （全国卷） （21） She stopped to look out of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbors house. （fin
35、d改为 found） （福建卷） （22） We were living in a big family. We treat each other as brothers and sisters. （treat改为 treated） （天津卷） （23 I am always young when I was staying with them. （am改为 was） （湖北卷）,模拟单句演练 （1） Just now Jim tells me his mother was ill. （2） I phone the other students a moment ago. （3） We oft
36、en played together when we are children. （4） What are you doing when I called you？ （5） I see you in the park. You were talking to a pretty girl. （6） She doesnt hear the doorbell， for she was watching TV. （7） Well stay at home playing cards if it will rain tomorrow.,（8） Please let me know if you will
37、 have any trouble. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m （9） He hurt his back when he is playing football with his classmates. （10） Ill write to him when I finished the book. （11） Charles worked hard since leaving school. （12） In fact， I am very thin when I was young. （13） He is kind to me. Although he is very busy，
38、he still came to see me. （14） How long have you been here？ How did you like our city？ （15） As is known to us all， the earth turned around the sun.,（16） Im interested in English， so I spoke it better than the others do. （17） Dont worry about it. I promise you I come to help you. （18） Now everything i
39、s dear. Even a small piece of bread cost one yuan. （19） Remember to turn off the lights before you will leave. （20） I forget to tell him the news. Shall we telephone him now？,真题单句归纳 （1） David and I wanted go off to find help but Bill insisted on staying near the car. （wanted 后加 to，因为want 后要接不定式） （全国
40、卷） （2） rather than go into the forest and getting lost. （getting 改 get，因为 get 与其前的go 并列） （全国卷） （3） David pointed to a path which he thought would probably leading to a village. （leading 改为 lead，因为其前有助动词 would） （全国卷） （4） I went back to get David and helped him to stood up. （stood 改为 stand，因为 to stand
41、 up 在此为不定式结构） （全国卷）w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o,（5） Charles and Linda Mason do all of these things as well as climbed building. （climbed 改为 climb / climbing，若将 as well as 视为连词，则将 climbed 改为 climb，因为它与其前的 do 并列；若将 as well as 视为介词，则 climbing，因为介词后动词用动名词） （全国卷） （6） Modern people know more about health， have bette
42、r food， and to live in clearer surroundings. （去掉live 前的 to，因为 live 与其前的 know， have 并列） （全国卷） （7） The World Health Organization and other organizations are working improve health all over the world. （improve前加to，to improve为表目的的不定式短语） （全国卷） （8） you pay the cost of send a postcard， the librarian will w
43、rite to you. （send改为sending，因为介词后接动名词作宾语） （全国卷）,（9） and let you to know when the book you want has returned （去掉 know 前的 to，因为其前有动词 let） （全国卷） （10） I want to thank you again for have me in your home for the summer holidays. （have改为having，因为介词后接动名词作宾语） （全国卷） （11） I had always wanted return to the vill
44、age after moving away. （return前加 to，因为 want 后要接不定式） （全国卷）w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m （12） It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home. （drove改为 drive，因为 drive 与其前的 to meet 并列，此处的 drive 为省略 to 的不定式） （全国卷）,（13） I look forward to hear from you soon. （hear改为 hearing，因为其
45、前的 to 是介词） （全国卷） （14） Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit. （第一个play改为 playing，因为动词原形不能用作主语） （全国卷） （15） I was often a little tired after a days work and watch TV demands very little effort. （watch改为 watching，因为动词原形不能用作主语） （全国卷
46、） （16） Id like very much come but I have an examination on Monday morning. （come 前加 to，因为 would like 后接不定式） （北京春季卷）,（17） Ill spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it. （prepare 改为 preparing，因为它与其前的 reading 并列，与其前所用的动词 spend 有关） （北京春季卷） （18） But then there is always more mysteries look into.
47、 （look 前加 to，此处为不定式作后置定语） （北京春季卷） （19） After learn the basics of the subject， nothing else seemed very practical to me. （learn 改为learning，因为介词后接动名词作宾语） （北京春季卷） （20） My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education. （make 前加 to，因为 to make 在此用作目的状语，注意句
48、型 do all one can to do sth） （全国卷）,（21） He did not want share things with other people. （want 后加 to，因为want 后要接不定式） （北京春季卷） （22） That is， a game of tennis making him very busy. （making 改为made，因为缺谓语，不能用非谓语形式，根据上下文用一般过去时） （北京春季卷） （23） As we climbed the mountain， we fed monkeys， visiting temples and told
49、 stories. （visiting 改为 visited，因为它与其前的 fed 和其后的 told 并列） （全国卷） （24） But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. （go 改为 going，因为动词原形不能用作主语） （安徽春季卷）,（25） children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. （read 改为 reading，因为介词后要接动名词） （年北京春季卷）
50、 （26） to make children to want things that they dont really need.（去掉 want 前的 to，因为 want在此用作使役动词 make 的宾语补足语） （年北京春季卷） （27） Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English. （talk 改为 talking，因为动词 enjoy 后要接动名词作宾语） （全国卷） （28） Shake her head， she said， “It isnt a good time to do that， dear.” （Shake 改为 Shaking，现在分词表伴随） （江苏卷）,
