1、人教版八年级英语下册第四单元学案Unit4 He said I was hard-workingSection A教师寄语：There will be no regret and sorrow if you fight with all your strength. (只要全力拼搏了，就没有遗憾，没有后悔。)一 学习目标：1) Important words: mad, anymore, message, suppose, hard-working2) Important phrases: watch soap operas, be supposed to do, first ofall, p
2、ass on, sth. happen on 3) Important Sentences She said she was mad at Marcia. She said she was having a party for Lana. What happened on “Young Lives” last night? You are supposed to meet at the bus stop to return it.4) Grammar: 直接引语和间接引语二、重点难点： 1.直接引语与间接引语之间的转化；2.区分 bring/take；三、学习过程：Step1 单元语法讲解：（
3、直接引语和间接引语）(一 ) 直接引语和间接引语的含义：引述别人的话时，一般采用两种形式：一是引用别人的原话，两边用引号标出，称为直接引语；二是用自己的语言转述别人的话，称为间接引语。间接引语在句中实际上就是宾语从句。(二 ) 直接引语变间接引语的方法：1. 从句人称的变化：由直接引语变间接引语时，从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。1） 直接引语的主语是第一人称时，变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。eg: They said,“We will go there by bus”他们说“我们将乘公共汽车去那儿” 。 They said they would go there by
4、bus.他们说他们将乘公共汽车去那儿。 He said,“I am visiting my aunt next week.” He said that he was visiting his aunt next week.2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。eg: She said to me, “Are you interested in science?”她对我说：“你对自然科学感兴趣吗？” She asked me if /whether I was interested in science.她问我是否对自然科学感兴趣。 He said to me,
5、 “You are hard-working.” He told me that I was hard-working.3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称时，变为间接引语时人称保持不变。eg: His mother said to me,“ He cant go to school.”他的妈妈对我说：“他不能去上学” 。 His mother told me that he couldnt go to school.他妈妈告诉我他不能去上学了。2. 从句时态的变化：1） 如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，直接引语变间接引语时，从局的时态保持不变。eg: He says,“I am visitin
6、g my aunt next week.”他说：“我下周要去看望我的姑姑” 。 He says that he is visiting his aunt next week.2）如果主句的时态为一般过去时，从句的时态要做相应的变化。 现在进行时改为过去进行时； 一般将来时改为过去将来时。注意：如果直接引语为客观真理、客观事实、自然现象时，变为间接引语时，时态不做变化。eg: The teacher said to us ,“Light travels faster than sound”.老师告诉我们：“光传播的速度要比声音传播的速度要快” 。 The teacher told us that
7、 Light travels faster than sound. 3. 句型的变化：1）如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时要用 that 来引导，that 可省略。eg: He said,“I like watching TV.”他说：“我喜欢看电视” 。 He said that he liked watching TV.2）如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用 if 或 whether 来引导，且用陈述句语序。eg: He asked me,“ Will you buy the red coat?”他问我：“你要买那件红外套吗？” He asked me if/whether
8、 I would buy the red coat.3）如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，引导词就是特殊疑问词，且用陈述句语序。 eg: She asked me,“Where are you from?”她问：“你从哪里来的？” She asked me where I was from.4）如果直接引语是祈使句，变间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词变为不定如：tell( ask , order ,) sb. (not) to do sth. eg: “Open the door.” The teacher said to me. The teacher told me to open t
9、he door.“Dont open the door.” The teacher said to me.The teacher told me not to open the door.语法针对性练习：1.She said she _ sorry for being late.A.is B.was C.were D.are2.I asked her _.A.why does she want to copy my homework.B.why did she want to copy my homework.C.why she wants to copy my homework.D.why
10、she wanted to copy my homework.3.My father told me the earth _ round.A.is B.was C.will be D.would be4.She asked me _ she could use my mobile phone.A.that B.for C.weather D.if5.He told us _ he would buy a new car.A.which B. that C. what D. ifStep2 Learn the new words预习导学：1.mad adj. 生气的；气愤的 构成结构：be ma
11、d at sb.=_意为“生某人的气” eg: 我妈妈很生我的气，因为我没有完成家庭作业。My mother is _ _ me because I didnt finish my homework. 疯狂的；着迷的 相当于 crazy,构成短语：be mad to do sth.eg: 你开车这么快，一定是疯了。You must be mad _ _ so fast.2.not anymore 不再；再也不eg: 我将再也不是你最好的朋友了。I_ be your best friend_.他不再住这儿了。 He _ live here _ .3.first of all 首先 = _4.me
12、ssage cn. 消息；信息；口信拓展：给某人捎口信 _给某人留口信 _发短信 _5.pass on 传递 试译：传递给某人某物 _= pass on sth. to sb.eg: 请把钢笔传递给 Tom. _这是 Tom 的钢笔，请传给他。 _6.suppose v. 假定；认为；期望短语：be supposed to do sth. = should do sth. 译作： _be not supposed to do sth. = shouldnt do sth. 译作： _eg: 你应该认真听讲。You _ _ _ _ carefully.你不应该上课迟到。You _ _ _ _ l
13、ate for class.7.hard-working adj. 勤勉的；努力工作的eg: 他是一个努力工作的人。He is a _ person.你很努力。You are _.预习自测:根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词或短语：1.He left a m_ on your table. “归还” 相当于 give back 2.Dont _(生气) her. She is still too young.3.They both _(传递)their sticks at the same time.4.He _(归还) my MP3 to me yesterday.5.They will _(举办
14、一个惊喜的晚会) for Tom.Step 3 课文重点知识讲解：1. You are supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it.精讲：return v.（1） “归还” 相当于 give back 短语：换给某人某物 return sb. sth.= _= give sth. back to sb.eg: 请把伞还给我。Unit3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?Section B【教师寄语】Today must borrow nothing of tomorrow.
15、今日事今日毕。【学习目标】 1、知识目标：1) Key words: scared, climb, jump, shout, rode, ran, anywhere, met, happen, accident, plane, heard, modern, kill, murder, binght, playground, bell, rang, told, close, silence, recent, destroy, terrorist, meaning, became, flight, earth, hero, flew2)Key phrases:jump down, take a p
16、hoto , at the train station, run away , be crowded, think about, come in, look for, Beijing International Airport , at the doctors, for example, hear of /hear about , take place, World Trade Center, one of the most important events, in modern American history , as as , walk home in silence , be dest
17、royed by, at that time , in space , a national hero , all over the world , be famous /become famous, for the first time3)Key sentences:While Linda was buying a newspaper at the train station, the dog got out of his box and ran away.When Linda finally saw Davy, he was jumping and running with another
18、 dog.People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history.This was one of the most important events in modern American history.2.能力目标：熟练运用 when where 引导的时间状语从句句型。3.情感目标:利用所学的过去进行时态来讲故事，用欣赏的眼光发现生活的美。【重点】1.while when 引导的时间状语从句 2.anywhere 的用法【难点】 过去进行时的学习和运
19、用与写作训练【学习过程】Step1预习导学与自测：自主完成 activity 1.1.爬树_2.跳下来_ 3.惊恐的_ 4.火车站_ 5.从出来_6.跑掉_7.寻找_8.某事发生在某人身上_Step2情景导入：(1) I was reading the book. The light was off.(用连词 while 把两句话连接起来:While I was reading the book, the light was off.)(2)I was cooking. The door bell rang.(用 while 把两句话连接起来:The door bell rang while
20、I was cooking.)Step3自主探究：词组用法。1、be scared to do 表示“不敢做某事” ，是主观原因。例如：He is scared to go out at night.2、be scared of doing 表示 “担心出现 doing 所出现的情况、结果” ，doing 是客观上造成的。例如：He is scared of failing in this maths test.3、小节回顾1) While 表示 “在过程中 ”，强调在一段时间内，所以 While 引导的从句中的谓语动词必须为延续性动词。如：While was writing a letter ,the children were playing outside.Mary 写信时孩子们正在外面玩。 （此句中主句动词 play 为延续性动词，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。 ）when 连接的状语从句是个特殊句型，前一个分句（谓语动词用过去进行时）+后一个分句（谓语动词用一般过去时）表示在前一个动作正在进行的过程中突然发生了后一个动作如：I was walking along the road when I met a friend of mine.2) Shes shouting.A shout,shout at,shout to 的用法（1）shout 的意思是“
