1、- 1 -常见的前后缀和词干前缀表示否定的前缀dis-: disengagement, discontinuous, disburdenin-: inarguable, inattentive, incapacityim-: impudent, impervious, improprietyil-: illiterate, illegitimate, illegibleir- :irresolvable, irreconcilable, irrepealableun-: unaccommodated, unadulterated, uninspiringnon-: nonaggression,
2、 nonconformist, nonelectrolytemis-:misfortune, misconduct, misconceivede-: demobilize, decapitate, decarboxylationanti-: antidiabetic, antidote, antiemeticcounter-: counterespionage, counteract, countermarch表示“前”的前缀pre-: prearranged, preconception, preprandialante-: antemeridian, antemortem, anteced
3、efore-: foreground, forecastle, foredoompro-: prologue, promotion, prosecutor表示“后”的前缀post-: postmeridian, postfix, posthumous表示“低、下”的前缀hypo-: hypocrisy, hypothesis, hypochloriteinfra-: infrasonic, infrahuman, infrastructuresub-: subaquatic, subcellular, subcutaneous表示“反复、再次，向后”的前缀re-: recapture, rec
4、ede, recessionretro-: retroflex, retropulsion, retroversion表示“共同、和”的前缀co-: co-education, cooperation, coordination表示“相互，之间”的前缀inter-: interentral, intercurrent, intercontinental表示“出，超出”的前缀ec-: eclipse, ecstasy, ecstaticextra-: extramural, extrasensory, extragalactic- 2 -表示“超过”的前缀hyper-, preter-, sup
5、er-, sur-, ultra-: hyper-sensitive, preterhuman, supercritical, surpass, ultramodern其他的前缀前缀 意义 例mal- 坏、恶 malnutrition, maltreatmicro- 微、细 microscope, microtometele- 远 telegram, telepathydemi-,semi-,hemi- 半、二分之一 semi-circle, hemispherearch- 首领 archbishop, archdukebene- 善、好 benefactor, benevolencehomo
6、- 同 homosexual, homographneo- 新 neo-colonialism, neolithicortho- 正确，直 orthogonal, orthodoxphilo- 挚爱 philosopher, philomathproto- 原始 prototype, protoplasmpseudo- 假的，冒充的 pseudonym, pseudo-communisma-,ab-,abs- 从，自 avoid, absent, abstainapo-,aph- 来自 apology, apostlese- 分离 secure, seditionomni- 所有的，公共的om
7、nibus, omipotencepan- 全、泛 Pan-american, panoramadia- 通过，借以 Diagonal, diagnosis per- 通过，彻底 Perambulate, perfection- 3 -trans- 通过，横过 Transcript, transparentcom-,con-,cor-,col-共同，和，完全Compile, correlation, collaboratesyn- 共同 Synchronization, syntheticmeta- 在上，在外，有改变的Metaphor, metaphysicscis- 在这一边 cisatl
8、antic, cislunaren-,em- 在 里 Endear, embraceintra- 内在 Intracardiac, intramolecularintro- 进入 之中 Introduce, introspectdys- 坏 Dyspepsia, dysenteryeu- 优，美好 Eulogy, euphonyambi-,amphi- 两者 Amphibian, ambidextrousuni-,mono- 单一，单独 monotone, monologuebi-,di-,twi- 二 Biyearly,dichloride,twiformedtri- 三 Triangle,
9、 tripodmulti- 多 Multi-colored, multi-nationalpoly- 多 Polygon, polyatomictetra- 四 Tetracycline, tetragonpenta- 五 Pentagon, pentagram, pentametersex-,hexa- 六 Sexennial, hexagonsept- 有七个的 September, septennialhepta- 七 Heptad, heptagonocta-,octo-,oct- 八 Octagon, octuplenona-,ennea- 九 Nonagon, ennead, en
10、neagon- 4 -deci-,deca- 十 Decimal, decagramcenti- 百 Centimeter, centipedemilli- 千 Millennium, millimeterkilo- 千 Kilowatt, kilometer- 5 -名词后缀后缀 意义 例-age The action, result or state ofReportage, parentage-al The action of, the person of Rival, criminal-ee One who receives Testee, payee-er,-ar,-ur,-eer,
11、-ier Doer, device for Fighter, pioneer-hood Female Heroine, mayoress-ility Condition, state Bachelorhood, brotherhood-ility Quality of Feasibility, servility-ion, -ation Action of, process of Indication, commercialization-ism Doctrine, belief Adventurism, opportunism-ist Believer in ;expert of Roman
12、ticist, nationalist-let Little Townlet, houselet-logy,-ology Study of Methodology, anthropology-age The action, result or state ofReportage, parentage-al The action of, the person of Rival, criminal-ee One who receives Testee, payee-er,-ar,-ur,-eer,-ierDoer, device for Fighter, pioneer-hood Female H
13、eroine, mayoress- 6 -ility Condition, state Bachelorhood, brotherhood-ment Result of; agency of; state of Disappointment, improvement-ness Condition or quality of being Emptiness, eagerness-ship State of Partnership, citizenship-ty Condition of being Loyalty, security-ure Act or fact of; result of b
14、eing Failure, closure形容词后缀后缀 意义 例-able Inclined to be; likely to be done Reliable, adaptable-al Inclined to be; connected with Colonial, political-ic,-ical Relating to, resembling Scenic, geometric-ful Full of Handful, cupful-ile Likely to be Hostile, fragile-ing Having the quality of Disturbing, en
15、couraging-ish Having the quality of missish, devilish-istic Full of Artistic, realistic-ive Inclined to; having the quality ofOffensive, constructive-less Without Countless, jobless-like Having the quality of Warlike, businesslike-ous,-ious Having the quality of Mysterious, advantageous-some Full of
16、 Burdensome, troublesome- 7 -y Full of Clumsy, tricky动词后缀后缀 意义 例-fy make,; reinforce Verify, intensify-ize Make or cause to become Popularize, hospitalize-en Make Widen, heighten, threaten副词后缀 意义 例-ly In a manner Notoriously, instructively- 8 -词干词干 意义 例Acu Sharp Acute, acumenAlti High Altitude, exal
17、tAmbula Walk Ambulance, ambulateAnn Year Anniversary, annalsAnthro Man Anthropoid, anthroposociologyArch Ruler Monarch, patriarchAster,astrStar Astrology, asteriskAudi Hearing Audible, audiphoneAuto Self Autobiography, autosuggestionBio Life Biography, biocideBrevi Short Brevity, abbreviateCapit Hea
18、d Capitalization, capitationCed go; move Recede, unprecedentedCess go; move Access, processFlect, flex Bend Flexible, reflectorFlu Flow Influenza, fluidForm Shape Reform, conformFrag Break Fragile, fractureGen Produce Genetics, genesisGeo Land; earth Geometry, geographygrad Go; step Gradual, degrade
19、- 9 -Graph, gram Write; writing Telegraph, diagramGrate, grati Thanks Grateful, gratitudeGrav Heavy;serious Grave, gravimeterGress Go; walk Aggressive, congressHerb Grass Herbal, herbyHumid Wet Humidity, humidfierhydr Water; liquid Hydroplane, hydrospaceJect Throw Inject, rejectJuven Young Juvenile,
20、 juveniliaJust, jur Just Jurist, juryLabor Work Laborious, collaborateLater side,; party Bilateral, equilateralLeg Law Legislate, legislatureliterat letter Literature, semiliterateLoc Place Allocate, localismLumi Light; bright Illuminate, luminaryMagni Gig; great Magnify, magnitudeNan(u) Hand Manage
21、, manuscriptMar Sea Maritime, marinerMeter Measure Thermometer, altimeterMit, miss send Vomit, transmissionMort Death Mortal, immrtalNomin Name Nominal, nominate- 10 -Nounce Proclaim Pronounce, denounceOrtho Straight; correct Orthodox, orthopedicPater, patr Father Paternal, patricidePathy Feeling An
22、tipathy, empathyped foot Pedestrian, expeditionPel, pulse push; drive Expel, impulse, dispelPend,pens Useup; hand Expenditure, suspendPhon Sound Headphone, symphonyPlic Fold Duplicate, implicitPort Carry Proter, exportPose Put; place Dispose, exposeprim Initial; first Primitive, primePsych Mind Psyc
23、hology, psychoanalysisPunct Point Acupuncture, punctualRupt Break Corruption, interrupt, bandruptScop See; look at Microscopic, macroscopicscope Instrument for observing Microscope, telescopeScribe, scriptWrite; writing; look at Describe, prescriptionsequ follow Consequence, sequelSens, sent Sense;
24、feelings Sentimental, sensitivity, consentSimil Like Similarity, simileSol Alone Solitary, soliloquySoph Wise Sophisticated, philosopher- 11 -Spec(t) See; look at Inspect, retrospect, prospectSpir Breathe Respiration, perspire, expirestruct build Constructive, superstructure, Stup Be motionless Stup
25、id, stupefy, stuporSum Use up; take Consumption, assume, resumeTain Hold Maintain, attain, abstainThe(o) God Theology, theist, atheismThermo Heat Thermonuclear, thermosTract Draw Tractor, attract, distractvent come Advent, convention, contraventionVerb Word Non-verbal, hyperverbalVert, vers Turn Covent, version, subvertVid, vis See Invisible, visibilityViv Life Vivid, revive, surviveVoc, vok Call; voice Evoke, advocate, vocalistvolv roll Revolver, revolution, evolve
