1、 u7 (p175-177)attributes 属性 qualities, talents, abilities, capability, capacity, aptitude, featureconfer 授予 award, grant, be endowed with, to give toplump 胖的 chubby, portly, stout, overweight, obesepedantic 卖弄学问的,学究式的bookish, dull, boring, ostentatious, giving attention to small , unimportant, schol
2、arly detailsaloof 冷漠的，远离的 indifferent, standoffish, apathetic, apart fromrefrain 节制，克制 restrain, abstain from, keep from, depress, hold back, controlineffectual 徒劳无益的 not effective, futile, uselessdrab 单调的，无生气的 cheerless, dreary, monotonous, tedious, gloomyskin/cortex/membrane皮肤/树皮，果皮/薄膜outside cove
3、r of a body or organ; boundarybabbling 婴儿的咿呀声 meaningless sounds that babies make before they lean to talksequence 顺序，序列，续发事件related group; series; the coming of one thing after anotherhearing-impaired 听力受损的 deaf; having problems hearingmyth 虚构的事 untruth; an untrue story or belief（p179-180）autobiogr
4、aphy -auto-:self-bio-:life自传megaphone -mega-:great, large 扩声器interstellar -stellar-:star 星际的autograph -auto-:self 亲笔，自署asterisk -aster-:star 星号megalopolis -mega-:great, large-polis-：city特大城市tricycle tri-:three-cycle-:circle三轮车perimeter peri-:around 周长nautical nauti-:sailing 航海的astronaut astro-:star
5、宇航员uniform uni-:one 一致的；校服mortality rate -mort-:death 死亡率biography -bio-:life 传记triplet tri-:three 三胞胎multimillionaire multi-:many 亿万富翁metropolitan polit-:city 大城市的semiprivate semi-:half, partly 半私用的multivolume multi-:many 多卷的peripheral peri-:around 周围的semiprecious semi-:half, partly 半珍贵的mortal woun
6、d -mort-:death 致命伤periodontist peri-:around 牙周病医师popularity -ity 流行（p181 linking）psychologist psych-:mind 心理学家philanthropist -phil-:loveanthro：human beings慈善家，乐善好施的人sophisticated -soph-:wise 老练的，有经验的biochemist -bio-:life 生物化学家biology -bio-:life 生物学antibiotic -bio-:life 抗生的multicolored multi-:many 多色
7、的asteroid -aster-:star 星状的periscope peri-:around 潜望镜astronomer astro-:star 天文学家unilateral uni-:one 单方的bilateral bi-:two 双方的cycle -cycle-:circle 循环，周期semicircle semi-:half, partly 半圆trilogy tri-:three 三部曲astrology -aster-:star 占星术ultraviolet ultra-:beyond, excessive, extreme 紫外线ultranationalist ultra
8、-:beyond, excessive, extreme 极端民主主义u8（p225-227）anxiety uneasiness, worry, nervousness, tension 挂虑，忧虑, 渴望resent feel displeasure, to feel injures or offended, strongly dislike憎恨，愤恨conscious aware, knowing that one is doing and why 有意识的tension nervousness, anxiety, mental or physical strain 紧张, 拉紧 ,伸张
9、disguise hide, cover up, conceal 伪装，隐藏aggressive attacking, bold, energetic, active 侵略的,积极行动的 , 侵略的butt the object of joking or criticism, target 笑柄，目标target butt 目标master control, conquer, overcomesfactor any circumstance or condition that brings about a result, a cause, an elementcrucial of extrem
10、ely importance, decisive, critical, mainsuppress keep from appearing or being known, to hide to repress压制repress to suppress 压抑，抑制drive basic impulse or urge, desire, pressure 冲动discharge release, get rid of, emit, relieve oneself of a burden 发泄，释放trigger cause，stimulate 触发，引起cue hint, clue, trigger
11、 n. 刺激，指示，线索crisis an emergency, a crucial or decisive situation whose outcome decides whether possible had consequences will follow危机guiltily having done wrong, feeling responsible forintegral essential, basic, necessary, indispensable 缺一不可的，主要的intersperse put among things, to interrupttheir storie
12、s散布avert avoid, miss, prevent 防止，避免, 避开inhibit suppress, hide 抑制，约束foible weakness, fault, minor flaw in character (性格上的)弱点,小缺点ogle keep looking at with fondness or desire (对) 送秋波，(向)施媚眼。dowdy not neat or fashionable 服装不整洁的，邋遢的cue butt targetinhibit suppress triggerresent release dischargecrucial co
13、nscious integralaggression repression suppression（p237 ）boisterous noisy and excited 喧闹的，吵吵闹闹的reprimand criticism, severe or formal scolding 谴责，申斥gossip information, usually about other people, not always factualfussing taking care of details 大惊小怪，小题大做interminably endlessly 无限的，无止境的u9（p245）devote to
14、 give, contribute, dedicatestir up move, shake, displace, disturb 激起，煽动，搅拌，唤起fade off slowly disappear or end, die out, vanish 淡去shabby old, broke down, wear out 破旧的lapse to fall away, to slip from memory, to return to former ways时间的消逝, 错失，过失crane to raise or movetap hit lightly, pat 轻拍consult look
15、at, check, refer to, seek information from 查考，查阅, 请教，咨询（p245 ）hydroelectric a plant that uses water power to produce electricity水力发电的thermometer an instrument that measure heat and indicates temperature温度计,体温表hyperactive overactive, too active, abnormally active 极度活跃的尤指活跃得反常的verify make sure it is t
16、rue, to confirm 证实, 证明，核验，核实pedal the parts of the bicycle moved by the feet to make the wheels run脚踏板dehydration loss of water from the body 脱水tripod a three-legged stand used to hold a camera 三脚架hypersensitive overly sensitive, too easily hurt 极度敏感的hypodermic a needle used to inject substances und
17、er the skin皮下注射器orthodontics a type of dentistry concerned with straightening teeth正牙学deported make leave the country 把驱逐出境per capita individual, for each person 人均dermatologist a doctor who treats skin diseases 皮肤学者，皮肤科医生geothermal heat of the earth 地热的，有关地热的bipedal walked on two feet 二足动物veracity
18、truth 真实(性)supersonic faster than (above) the speed of sound 超声速的（p246 linking）hyperbole hyper-: above, beyond, excessivean exaggeration a description that is far beyond the truth,夸张法hypodermis hypo-: under, beneath-derm-: skinthe tissue immediately beneath the outer layer of the tissue of plants下胚层
19、epicenter epi-: upon, over, outer the part of the earths surface directly above the place of origin of the earthquake震中epidermis epi-: upon, over, outer-derm-: skinthe outer layer of skin of some animals表皮，外皮epigraph epi-: upon, over, outer a quotation printed at the beginning of a book or chapter t
20、o suggest its theme (书前或章节前的)引语。orthography ortho-:straight, correct correct spelling; writing words with the proper, accepted letters正字法hydrate hydr-: water to cause to combine with water 水合物decapitate de-: down from, away-capit-: head, chiefto cut off the head of 把斩首orthodox ortho-:straight, corre
21、ct agreeing with established beliefs 奉正教的hydrophobia -hydro-: water fear of water 恐水病corpulent -corp-: body fat, having a large body 肥胖的bypass by-: aside or apart from the common, secondary a passage to one side, a route that goes around a town旁路, 间道pedestrian ped-: foot of or related to walking, a
22、person who walks徒步的; 步行者by-product by-: aside or apart from the common, secondary a secondary and sometimes unexpected result, something produced in addition to the principle product 副产品corporeal corp-: body bodily, of the nature of the physical body, not spiritual肉体的, 物质的corpse corp-: body a dead b
23、ody 尸体podiatry pod-: foot the care and treatment of the human foot in health and disease足病学,足医术deflect de-: down from, away to turn aside from a fixed course 偏移，偏离-capit-: head, chiefdecentralize de-: down from, away-capit-: head, chiefto divide and distribute what has been concentrated or united疏散d
24、iaphanous dia-: through, across characterized by such fineness of texture that one can see through it 半透明的verisimilitude ver-: true the quality of appearing to be true 貌似真实,逼真geomorphic geo-: earth of or related to the form of the earth pr its surface features地形的u10 (p283)poison a substance, usually
25、 a drug, causing death or severe injuryimperceptible not able to be perceived, unnoticeable 觉察不到的sufficient enoughconfidential trusting, entrusted with private or secret matters 极信任的，心腹的oblige to satisfy, please, help someone, to do a favor for, to perform a service施恩于，施惠于solitude to be alone, isola
26、tion 孤独jealous demanding exclusive loyalty, resentfully suspicious of competitors, envious, distrustful, suspicious(p283-284)dim poorly lightened, dark 微暗的,暗淡的stock objects for sale, items kept for sale 存货apprehensively worriedly, with alarm or concern 忧虑的，担心的oblige perform a service, to please or h
27、elp someonesirens women who attract, seduce, lure menground reason, basis, foundation 根据，立场peer look at someone at closely and searching in order to see more clearly potion a drink esp. a medicine or poisonslip a little make a mistake, fall into error, be unfaithful to his wifedear expensivebetter o
28、ff wealthier, richeru11 (p292)precariously dangerously, uncertainly 不确定的，危险的trudge to walk tiredly, slowly 沉重地跋涉，艰苦疲累地走turmoil confusion 骚动，喧嚷，混乱grooming personal cleaning, the act of making neat and tidy 修饰，使整洁matrimony marriage 结婚，婚姻probe a long slender instrument used for delicate exploration探针；探
29、示器convene call together, to start 召集ingest to eat, to take inside 咽下，摄取，吸收autocratic dictatorial, undemocratic, tyrannical, domineering 独裁的，专制的limnology freshwater biology 湖沼学u12 (p314) preoccupied absorbed in ones thoughts, unable to concentrate 专心一意的，全神贯注的temperament disposition, emotional or psyc
30、hological characteristics; frame of mind气质，性情，脾气prestigious admired, important, distinguished, of a high rank 有威信的，有声誉的treat give medical care to 医治，对待ailing sick 不舒服的，害病的puberty rites ceremonies that rank mark adulthood 青春期仪式petition to make a formal request, to ask, to beg 请愿，请求detrimental damagin
31、g, harmful, injurious 有害的，不利的 regard to consider or think of as being something(p322-323)diversity variety, difference, usually concerning race, religion or another characteristic不同，繁多，多种manage direct, control, take responsibility for 支配，管理realization understanding, insight discovery 实现，现实化，成就genera
32、tional of or characteristic of the same age, this term is sometimes used to describe traits of people who were born about the same time一代的challenges difficulties, tests of ability 挑战coincidence something that happens by accident, by chance, without planning巧合resentment anger, unhappiness that stays
33、with a person 愤怒，怨恨enmity anger, prolonged hatred 敌意，不和，憎恨alliances groups with common interests, close relationship 同盟，联盟prosperity good fortune, wealth 繁荣，旺盛scarcity insufficient supply, not enough of something 缺乏，缺少optimism tendency to expect the best, confidence in the future 乐观harmony agreement
34、, happiness, feelings of good will and cooperation融洽stunning surprising, amazing 令人晕倒吃惊的；极好的 encompass include 包含formative important in forming a persons personality 形成的，构成的adapt skilled 使适应，使适合gulf distance, difference 分歧，隔阂rift gap, break, disagreement, distance 分裂，不和social demographerpeople who s
35、tudy human populations, esp. patterns of birth, death, distribution, etc.社会人口统计学家cohort a group of people united by common interests or characteristics同伴dotage old age (the term refers to mental decline) 老糊涂challenged confronted, questioned 受到挑战的(p330)glimpse brief, quick views, passing look, glance
36、 一瞥enraptured(with/by)fascinated, enchanted, entranced, filled with pleasure使狂喜，使兴高采烈rage extreme anger, irritation, vexation 愤激，愤怒bewildered confused, puzzled, perplexed 困惑的plea a request, appeal, statement of begging 恳求，请求courtship period of engagement 求爱期，求婚crouch to bow low with the arms and leg
37、s drawn close to the body, to bend low, to squat蜷着，缩着in vain without effect, fruitlessly 徒然,无效(p331)assault attack, invasion 攻击cling hold on to 坚持，墨守manoeuvre manage or plan skillfully manipulate, move 调动maintain argue, affirm, declare to be true 坚持，维护hoist pull, lift 扯起，升起scuttle run or move quickl
38、y, as away from danger 急促地跑peer look closely and searchingly, as in order to see more clearlyhurl throw 猛投，猛掷drench make wet all over, saturated with water 使湿透，使浸透swarm move around in large numbers, completely cover something挤满screech scream 尖叫reluctance hesitation, unwillingness, a feeling of not wanting to do something不情愿
