1、 六级翻译总结一、倍数增减的表示法1) Force N1 _(比力 N2 大 2.5 倍). answer: is 2.5 times greater than Force N2（考点：倍数 + 形容词/副词比较级 + than）2) This substance _(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍). answer: reacts 3 times as fast as the other one.（考点：倍数 + as + 形容词/副词 + as）3) The earth _(是月球大小的 49 倍).answer: is 49 times the size of the moon.（考点：倍
2、数 + 名词）4) The landlord _(想将租金提高三分之一). answer: wants to raise the rent by a third.（考点：动词 + by + 数词/百分比/倍数）5) They _(计划将投资增加一倍).answer: plan to double their investment.（考点：double + 名词）二、时态 1) Be quick, _(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了). or the wedding will have finished when we get to the church.（考点：将来完成时）2) When
3、 she got home, _(孩子们已经睡着了). the chilren had fallen asleep.（考点：过去完成时）3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _(我姐姐将在海边度假). my sister will taking her vacation at the seaside.（考点：将来进行时） 4) I_(一上午都在修改我的简历). have been revising my resume all the morning.（考点：现在完成进行时） 5) Do you often go on h
4、oliday? _(不，我已经有五年没有度假了). No, It has been 5 years since I went on holiday.（考点：It has been since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了） 6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _(他参军已五年了). He has been in the army for 5 years.（考点：1. 现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间）三、被动语态1) The blackboard and chalk _(正在被电脑和投影机所取代).is bei
5、ng replaced by the computer and the projector.（考点：被动语态的现在进行时） 2) The book _(到今年年底就将已出版). will have been published by the end of this year.（考点：被动语态的将来完成时） 3) Computer models _(可以用来演示细胞工作的方式). can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work.（考点：1. 被动语态与情态动词联用; 2. 汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 要译成英语的被动语态）
6、 4) When the bill of fare was brought, _(我惊呆了，价格大大超出了我的预料). I was shocked, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated.（考点：汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 要译成英语的被动语态)5) _(必须立即采取有效措施)to eliminate sandy storms.Effective measures must be taken immidiately （考点：汉语的无主句通常翻译成英语的被动语态） 四、情态动词1) The
7、 phone is ringing, _(但是没人接听。她一定不在家).but there is no answer. She cant be at home.（考点：情态动词可以表示可能性，cant 表示“一定不”）2) I cant find my sunglasses. _(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了).I might have left them in the coffee shop yesterday.（考点：“情态动词 can/could, may/might, must + 完成式”用于表示对过去发生的动作的主观判断） 3) You screamed in your sleep l
8、ast night. _(你一定梦见什么可怕的东西了). you must have dreamed of something terrible.（考点：“情态动词 can/could, may/might, must + 完成式”用于表示对过去发生的动作的主观判断）4) Its a pity. _(你本应该邀请她来参加你的毕业典礼的). You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony.（考点：“情态动词 should/ought to + have done” 用于评论过去应该做而实际并未做的动作，含有批评的意思） 5) _(其
9、实我没必要穿上我最好的套装去参加那次聚会的); most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.I neednt have put on my best suit to go to the party.（考点：“情态动词 neednt + have + done”表示对过去发生的动作进行评论，认为“无须发生”，“不必做”） 五、虚拟语气1) I wish _(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会). I had had your opportunities when I was young.（考点：I wish 后的 that 从句中用过去完成式表
10、示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望）2) If only _(他知道这病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself.he had known his disease is curable（考点：If only 引导的感叹句表示“但愿”或“要是就好了”，用法与 I wish基本相同） 3) Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars? Id rather he _(漆成蓝色的，而且不带任何装饰). painted it blue, and without any decoratio
11、ns.（考点：would rather 后的 that 从句中用过去式表示不是事实） 4) Its high time that _(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题). measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams.（考点：Its (about/high) time 后的 that 从句中用过去式，表示“该是的时候了”）5) Hugh usually talks _(仿佛在大会上发表演说似的). as if he were delivering a speech at an assembly.（考点：as if / as thou
12、gh 引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑） 6) We insist that _(让杰克立刻进医院).Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now.（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的宾语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式） 7) It was advised that _(在居民区设立更多的流动商店). more mobile shops should be set up in the residential area.（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的主语从句
13、通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式） 8) His proposal was that _(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题). they should set up a special commitee to examine this problem.（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的表语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式）9) We are going to discuss his suggestion that _(取消期中考试). the mid-term exams should be cancele
14、d.（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的同位语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式）表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词及其名词常见的有：advise (advice), agree (agreement), decide (decision), decree, demand, determine (determination), grant, indicate (indication), insist (insistence), order, prefer (preference), propose (proposal), request, re
15、quire (requirement), resolve (resolution), stipulate (stipulation), suggest(suggestion), urge, vote;常见的这类动词还有：allow, arrange, ask, beg, concede, demonstrate, ensure, intend, move, pledge, pray 等10) It is ridiculous that _(我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水).we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always
16、 raining.（考点：在 It is/was +形容词后的 that 从句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建议惊奇等。这类形容词常见的有：advisable, anxious, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, improper, natural, necessary, obligatory, preferable, proper, urgent, vital, willing 等） 11) It
17、is essential that _(每个人都为紧急情况做好准备). everyone should be prepared well for emergency.（考点：同上） 12) _(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票), we would have had quite a comfortable journey.If he had booked tickets in the way I told him（考点：在非真实条件句中用过去完成式表示与过去的事实相反） 13) I was to have made a speech _(要不是有人把我的话打断了).if I had not bee
18、n interrupted.（考点：同上） 14) It didnt rain last night. _(要是下了，地就会湿的). If it had rained, the ground would be wet.（考点：在非真实条件句中，当主句与从句表示的动作不是同时发生时，就根据情况用适当的谓语动词形式） 15) _(如果我一直住在纽约), I would know the U.S. well now.If I had been living in New York(考点：同上)16) If the doctor had not come in time, _(他现在就不在人间了).
19、he would be dead now.(考点：同上)17) But for his help, _(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了). we could not have rent a house at such a low price.（考点：but for 经常作为非真实条件句中 if 的代用语） 18) I used my calculator; _(否则，我会花更长的时间才能算出这道题).otherwise, It woule have taken me more time to work out his question.（考点：otherwise 也经常作为非真实条件句中
20、if 的代用语） 19) Were I in your place, _(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会). I would size the opportunity without hesitation.（考点：在非真实条件句中如果有 were, had, should 这三个词，可以省去 if，采用主谓语倒装的形式来表示条件） 20) Had it not been for their opposition, _(这项法案早就通过了). this act would have been passed much earlier.（考点：同上） 21) Should there be another
21、world war, _(人类的继续存在就会有危险).the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy.（考点：同上） 22) He walked lightly _(以免惊醒婴儿).lest he should awake the baby.（考点：lest (以免)引导的从句通常用 sb. should do 的形式表示虚拟）六、不定式1) It was a great achievement _(10 个月建成一栋 24 层的楼). to complete a 24-story building in 10 mo
22、nths.（考点：不定式作主语时常用 it 作形式主语放在句首代替不定式，而将不定式移到谓语后面） 2) It is necessary _(我们在考试前好好地睡一晚上觉). for us to have a good nights sleep before the test.（考点：有时用“介词 for + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是事情，这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential 等） 3) It is generous _(你把这么多钱
23、捐给灾区人民). of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area.（考点：有时用“介词 of + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是人，这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtl
24、ess, wicked, wise, wrong 等）4) The teacher decided _(不惩罚那些上课迟到的学生). not to punish those students who had been late for class.（考点：1. 用不定式结构作 decide 的宾语；2.不定式的否定形式是在 to 前加 not）（能带不定式作宾语的动词常见的有：afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, decide, demand, desire, dislike
25、, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish） 5) Mr. Green was wondering
26、 _ (是否去看望在法国的儿子). whether to visit their son in French.考点：“疑问词+不定式”作动词 wonder 的宾语。能以这种结构作宾语的动词通常有 ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder 等） 6) The gardener _(刚才警告我不要在中午给花浇水). warned me just now not to water flowers at no
27、on.（考点：不定式作宾语补语）7) We _(请他给我们做有关现代艺术的讲座). invited him to give us a lecture on modern art.（考点：同上）8) He feels it challenging _(在这么大一所大学做学生会主席). to be the chairman of students union in so large a university（考点：动词 + it + 形容词/名词 + 不定式。it 是形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语） 9) We hope to have more opportunities _(把我们在课堂上学到的东
28、西应用于实践). to apply what we have learned in class to practice.（考点：不定式作定语）（不定式常用作以下名词/代词的定语：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tende
29、ncy, time, way, wish 等） 10) The bad weather _(破坏了我们在露天放电影的计划). ruined our plan to show the film in the open air（考点：同上） 11) The environmentalists are against _(在郊区建一座核电站的决定). the desicion to build a nuclear power station in the suburbs.（考点：同上） 12) Sally Ride was the first _(探索外部空间的美国妇女). American wom
30、an to explore the outer space.（考点：由 only, last, next，序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语） 13) They lifted a rock _(结果砸了自己的脚). only to drop it on their own feet.（考点：不定式作结果状语） 14) He was surprised _(在这个山村遇见一个中学同学). to meet a high school classmate in the mountain village.（考点：不定式作原因状语） 15) I am sorry _(占用了您这么多时间).
31、to have taken up so much of your time（考点：1. 不定式作原因状语；2. 不定式的完成时） 16) I happened _(在他冲进来的时候站在门口). to be standing in the doorway when he rushed in（考点：不定式的进行式）17) She doesnt like _(被当作客人). to be treated as a guest.（考点：不定式的被动形式） 18) If you want to save money, youd better _(到校园书店买旧书). go to the campus bo
32、okstore to buy used books.（考点：不带 to 的不定式） 19) We did nothing _(除了整天打桥牌). but play bridge the whole day.（考点：同上）20) We were made _(进屋之前在垫子上擦擦脚). to wipe our feet on the mat before going into the room（考点：当动词 see, make, hear 等用于被动语态时，不定式要保留 to）七、分词1) This is the first time that I heard _(用意大利语唱“祝你生日快乐”)
33、. “Happy birthday to you“ sung in Italian（考点：分词作宾语补语）（catch, discover, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, make, notice, see, watch 等动词常用分词形式作宾语补语）2) The cars _(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed. parked in the fire lane（考点：分词作定语）3) The war went on for years, _(夺去了成千上万人的生命). killing thousands upon thou
34、sands of people.（考点：分词作结果状语） 4) The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _(将平均产量提高了 15%).raising the average yield by 15 percent.（考点：同上）5) Einstein watched the toy in delight, _(想推导出它的运转原理). trying to deduce its operating principle.（考点：分词作伴随状语） 6) _(看到大家都在聚精会神地看书), we stopped talking and began to st
35、udy. Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book（考点：分词作原因状语）7) _(被这个男孩的事迹深深打动了), they decided to pay for his education. Deeply moved by the boys deeds（考点：同上）8) _(从一个年轻朋友的眼光来看), Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man. Seen from the eyes of a young friend（考点：分词作方式状语）9) _(好久没有收到父母的来信了),
36、he was worried about them. Not having heard from his parents for a long time（考点：1. 分词作原因状语；2.分词的否定形式；3.现在分词的完成式）八、动名词1) _(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good. Taking a cold bath every day（考点：动名词作主语）2) They tried to avoid _(让女儿做她不喜欢的事情). making their daugher do what she didnt like to do（考点：动名词作动词的宾语）（下列动词
37、后的宾语只能是动名词而不能是不定式：admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, dread, encourage, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, cant help, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, recall, recollect, resent, resist, risk, cant stand, stop, suggest）
38、3) Developing varieties is the key to _(使我们的产品进入国际市场). getting our goods into the international market（考点：动名词作介词的宾语）4) It is no use _(为洒了的牛奶而哭泣). crying over spilled milk.（考点：动名词用于固定结构。动名词经常与以下词组连用：be worth, have difficulty (in), it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what a
39、bout, whats the point of, whats the use of）5) He denied_(偷看了同桌的试卷). having peeked at his neighbors test paper（考点：动名词的完成式）6) We congratulated her on _(被提升为经理). being promoted to manager（考点：动名词的被动式）九、非谓语动词用法区别1) Success means _(非常努力地工作). working very hard（考点：mean 表示“意味着”）2) John meant _(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障
40、). to drive there, but his car broke down（考点：mean 表示“打算”）（类似需要区别的动词还有 forget, remember, regret, go on, stop 等）3) I heard him _(在跟他的母亲谈话). talking to his mother（考点：强调正在进行）4) I heard him _(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时). talk to his mother for an hour（考点：强调整个过程）5) He jumped into the pool to save the child _(结果却摔断了自己的腿)
41、. only to break his own leg.（考点：意料之外的结果）6) He jumped from the burning house, _(摔断了双腿). breaking his legs（考点：意料之中的结果）7) He was happy _(看到父母很健康). to see his parents in good health（考点：不定式作原因状语位于句末）8) _(看到父母安然无恙), he issued a sigh of relief. Seeing his parents safe and sound（考点：分词作原因状语位于句首）9) _(跟随着它的脚印)
42、, the zoologists spotted the hungry panda.Following its footprints（考点：现在分词强调主动）10) The pop, _(后面跟着两个保镖), came to meet his fans. followed by two bodyguards（考点：过去分词强调被动）十、名词从句1) _(他们为什么离开家乡去云南) is still a secret. why they left their hometown for Yun Nan（考点：主语从句）2) _(最让我不解的) was that he spoke English s
43、o well. What confused me most（考点：同上）3) _(这么做是故意的) became obvious. That this was done on purpose（考点：同上）4) It is not clear yet _(谁应该为这件事负责). who should be responsible for this mater（考点：较长的主语从句可以后置，用 it 作形式主语）5) It is none of your business _(玛丽与谁订婚). whom Mary is engaged to（考点：同上）6) Dont put off till t
44、omorrow _(今天能做的事). what can be done today（考点：宾语从句）7) This novel is just _(我一直在寻找的). what I have been looking for（考点：表语从句）8) It is not yet known _(机器人是否有一天能拥有象人一样的视力). whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision（考点：whether/if 引导后置的主语从句）9) _(她是否喜欢那个礼物) is not clear to me.whether sh
45、e likes the present（考点：whether 引导前置的主语从句）10) My main problem right now is _(我是否应该请求另一笔贷款). whether I should ask for another loan（考点：whether 引导表语从句）11) It all depends on _(他们是否会支持我们). whether they will support us（考点：whether 引导宾语从句） 12) You have yet to answer my question _(我是否可以指望你的投票). whether I can count on your vote（考点：whether 引导同位语从句,whether 不可以替
