1、,1. 中国人有在正月十五晚上吃元宵、赏花灯的习俗。,（学生译文）Chinese have the custom that they eat sweet dumplings made of glutinous rice flour and appreciate festive lanterns at the night of January 15.,错误分析： （1）少用冠词 （2）搭配不当 （3）动词使用不当 （4）介词使用错误 （5）不忠实于原文,（改正译文） The Chinese have the custom of eating yuanxiao (sweet dumplings m
2、ade of glutinous rice flour) and watching festive lanterns on the fifteenth evening of the first lunar month.,(其他译文) there is a Chinese tradition of eating According to custom, people in China eat In China, its the custom (for people) to eat ,2. 就目前情况看，工程造价将会超出预算百分之三十。,（学生译文）with respect to the curr
3、ent situation, the cost of this engineering will exceed 30 percent of the budget.,（1）介词短语使用不当 （2）名词使用错误 （3）不忠实于原文,（改正译文） Judging by the current situation, the construction cost of this project will exceed the budget by thirty percent.,3. 万一你想取消这次旅行，请至少提前一个月书面通知我们。,（学生译文）If you want to cancel this tr
4、avel, please tell us by writing at least one month earlier.,错误分析： （1）漏译 （2）名词使用不当 （3）错用形容词比较级,（改正译文） If you should want to cancel this trip, please notify us in writing at least one month in advance. If by any chance you want to cancel this trip, please give us at least one months written notice.,4.
5、想让他答应如此要求恐怕不大可能。,（学生译文）Im afraid it is impossible for him to agree such request.,错误分析： 形容词使用错误 动词使用错误 少用了冠词,（改正译文） Im afraid it is unlikely for him to grant such a request. It seems unlikely for him to grant such a request. There seems to be little chance that he will grant such a request.,5. 在董事会年会
6、上，他提请大家注意一个被普遍忽视的问题。,（学生译文）On the annual board of directors, he reminded everyone to pay attention to a problem which was ignored in common.,漏译 动词使用不当 介词结构使用不当 时态错误,（改正译文） At the annual meeting of the board of directors, he called (everyones) attention to a largely ignored problem.,中国饮茶的风尚，到了第七世纪的唐代
7、，已经相当盛行了（A）。那时日本派有大批的留学生，到中国来学习中国文化，自然也学会了中国的饮茶（B）。日本现在的所谓茶道，向西方人士夸说是日本独特的艺术，其实完全是中国的古风，明代以前的烹茶办法（C）。除了日本以外，最讲究喝茶的外国人，应该是英国人了，而英国人懂得喝茶，至今还不过两三百年的历史（D）。,中国饮茶的风尚，到了第七世纪的唐代，已经相当盛行了（A）。,（学生译文）In the seventh century of the Tang dynasty, the Chinese prevailing custom of drinking tea was in vogue.,（1）词序错误
8、（2）用词累赘 （3）时态错误,改正译文 By the Tang dynasty in the seventh century, tea-drinking had become very popular in China.,那时日本派有大批的留学生，到中国来学习中国文化，自然也学会了中国的饮茶（B）,学生译文 At that time, large quantities of returned students were sent to China by Japan to study Chinese culture. Accordingly they learned the Chinese t
9、ea-drinking custom.,名词使用不当 名词词组使用错误 动宾搭配错误,改正译文 At that time many Japanese students were sent to China to study Chinese culture. Naturally they acquired (got into) the Chinese tea-drinking habit. . Naturally they learned to drink tea just like the Chinese. naturally they became accustomed to tea-dri
10、nking.,日本现在的所谓茶道，向西方人士夸说是日本独特的艺术，其实完全是中国的古风，明代以前的烹茶办法（C）。,The so-called Tea Doctrine now in Japan was bragged to the Western personalities about that it is the Japanese unique art; in fact, it was completely ancient Chinese custom and the way to make tea till the Ming dynasty.,错误分析： 名词使用错误 名词使用错误 动词
11、使用错误 搭配错误 冠词使用错误 词序错误 少用冠词,改正译文 The so-called tea ceremony in modern Japan, boasted to Westerners as a unique Japanese art, was in fact entirely an ancient Chinese custom, the way to brew tea before the Ming dynasty.,除了日本以外，最讲究喝茶的外国人，应该是英国人了，而英国人懂得喝茶，至今还不过两三百年的历史（D）,Except the Japanese, the foreign
12、people who are particular about drinking tea should be Englishmen, but it is only two or three hundred years after the Englishmen knowing about drinking tea.,漏译 动词使用不当 名词使用不当 搭配错误,改正译文 Next to the Japanese, the foreign people who attach the greatest importance to tea drinking must be the British, wh
13、o did not learn to drink tea until two or three hundred years ago. Except for the Japanese, no other foreigners attach more importance to tea drinking than the British, who learned to drink tea only two or three hundred years ago.,10. 一六四四年，李自成挥师北上，攻入北京；崇祯自缢于煤山，明朝就此覆亡（A）。假如山海关统兵大帅吴三桂归顺李自成，中国的近代史就会是另
14、一个样子（B）。然而吴三桂却因为李自成抢了他的爱妾陈圆圆，“冲冠一怒为红颜”，放清兵入关（C）。就这样，满族人轻而易举地接管了明朝的江山。（D）,一六四四年，李自成挥师北上，攻入北京；崇祯自缢于煤山，明朝就此覆亡（A）,（学生译文）In 1644, the leader of revolting armies, Li Zicheng, led his army to attack the north and occupied Beijing, the capital of Ming dynasty, Chongzhen, the last emperor of the Ming dynasty
15、, hung himself to death at Mountain Mei. From then on, the Ming dynasty died out,形容词使用不当 不忠实于原文 语言累赘 动词使用错误 不忠实于原文 动词使用不当,改正译文 In 1644 the rebel leader Li Zicheng marched north with his troops, attacking and capturing Beijing. Chongzhen, the last Ming emperor, hanged himself at the foot of Coal Hill
16、. Thus the Ming dynasty collapsed. Leading his troops north, the rebel leader Li Zicheng attacked and occupied Beijing in 1644. the death of Emperor Chongzhen, who hanged himselfon Coal Hill, marked the end of Ming dynasty.,假如山海关统兵大帅吴三桂归顺李自成，中国的近代史就会是另一个样子（B）,（学生译文）If the chief commander of Shanhaig
17、uan, Wu San-gui, came over and pledged allegiance to Li Zicheng, Chinese modern history would be another appearance.,名词含义不明 姓名拼写不规范 时态错误 词序错误 搭配不当,改正译文 If Wu Sangui, garrison commander of the strategic Shanhai pass, had come over and pledged allegiance to Li, the modern history of China would have b
18、een much different. If Wu Sangui, commander of the strategic Shanhai pass, had surrendered to Li, modern Chinese history would have taken on a different look.,然而吴三桂却因为李自成抢了他的爱妾陈圆圆，“冲冠一怒为红颜”，放清兵入关（C）,（学生译文）However, because Li Zicheng robbed his wife Chen Yuanyuan, whom he loved deeply, so Wu Sangui f
19、lew into a rage for beauty and helped the troops of Qing come into Shanhaiguan,动词使用错误 不忠实于原文 少用冠词 用词累赘,改正译文 However, because Li Zicheng seized his favorite concubine, Chen Yuanyuan, Wu flew into a rage for the sake of the beauty and let the Qing troops enter the pass. However, because Li Zicheng rob
20、bed him of his favorite concubine, Chen Yuanyuan, Wu flew into a rage for the beautys sake and let the Qing troops enter the pass.,就这样，满族人轻而易举地接管了明朝的江山。（D）,（学生译文）And in this case, the people of Man ruled the country instead of Ming without difficulty.,不忠实于原文 名词词组含义不明 动词使用错误,改正译文 In this way, the Man
21、chu people took over the Ming empire without much difficulty. Thus the Manchus seized control of the Ming empire without much effort.,不及物动词,英语句子的主要成分,主语 - 谓语 -（宾语）动词分为两大类：不及物动词及物动词,不及物动词,Knock on the door 或 knock at the door. Lean on the wall Laugh at her 或 mock her Think of you 或 miss you Think of
22、the problem 或 consider the problem,1.这种情况不会延续下去。,1. This situation will not continue. 2. This situation will not last. 3 .Things will not go on like this. 4. This situation will not remain unchanged5. This situation will not exist unchanged,2.实施新规则时出现了许多问题。,1.Many problems arose in the implementatio
23、n of the new regulations. 2. Many problems came up in the enforcement of the new rules. 3. They encountered many problems when implementing the new regulations.,3.总共有二百八十七人在飞机坠毁事件中丧生。,1.A total of 287 people died in the plane crash. 2. Altogether, 287 people died in the air crash. 3. There were 287
24、deaths in the plane crash. 4. The plane crash resulted in 287 deaths. 5. In the plane crash, 287 people lost their lives. 6. In the plane crash, 287 lives were lost. 7. The plane crash killed 287 people. 8. The plane crash claimed a total of 287 lives. 9. The death toll was 287 in the air crash.,4.对
25、于普通百姓来说，物价实在涨得太快了。,1. Prices are really rising too fast for ordinary people. 2. Prices are really going up too fast for common people. 3.Ordinary people can hardly cope with such sharp rises in price- 4. Ordinary people can barely cope with such sharp price hikes.,5.这年头，不少没文化的人发了财。,Nowadays，many poo
26、rly educated people have become rich. These days many people with little education have made their fortune.,6.新规则明年起生效。,1.The new regulations will go into effect next year 2.The new regulations will take effect next year.3.The new regulations will become effective next year. 4. The new regulations w
27、ill come into force next year. 5. The new regulations will be put into force next year. 6. The new regulations will be enforced next year.,7.去长城的往返车票要十五元。,A round trip to the Great Wall costs fifteen yuan. A return ticket to the Great Wall sells for fifteen yuan. The price of a round trip ticket to
28、the Great Wall is fifteen yuan.,8.牛郎和织女毎年七夕相会。,The Cowherd and the Weaving Girl meet on the evening of the seventh day of the seventh lunar month each year. The Cowherd and the Weaving Girl have their reunion on the seventh evening of the seventh lunar month each year. The Cowherd and the Weaving Gi
29、rl enjoy their annual reunion on the seventh evening of the seventh lunar month. The Cowherd and the Weaving Girl are reunited on the seventh evening of the seventh lunar month each year.,9. 这种方便面不含防腐剂。,This brand of instant noodles contains no preservative This brand of instant noodles is free of p
30、reservatives This kind of instant noodles is preservative-free.,10. 地震把村子夷为平地。,The village was leveled to the ground by the earthquake. The earthquake razed the village (to the ground) by the earthquake. After the earthquake, nothing remained of the village.,11.近几年来，他们家的经济状况毎况愈下,1.In recent years th
31、e financial situation of his family has deteriorated steadily. 2.In recent years the financial situation of his family has been going from bad to worse. 3.In recent years his family has been going downhill financially.,12.良药苦口，忠言逆耳。,Honest advice is unpleasant just as good medicine is bitter Honest
32、advice sounds unpleasant, just as good medicine tastes bitter.,13.据新华社报道，昨天广东一家玩具厂失火。,According to Xinhua News Agency, a toy factory in Guangdong caught fire yesterday According to Xinhua News Agency, a fire broke out yesterday at a toy factory in Guangdong Province,14 . 这种节能炉很容易点燃。,This kind of ene
33、rgy-efficient stove lights easily This energy-saving stove lights easily.,15.唐朝末年，叛乱四起。,In the final years of the Tang dynasty，revolts broke out everywhere. Toward the end of the Tang dynasty，revolts broke out all across the empire, Toward the end of the Tang dynasty, people everywhere rose up in re
34、bellion.,及物动词,把句子的谓语用及物动词译出时，要正确运用单宾语、双宾语和复合宾语的结构，尤其要注意动词与宾语的搭配。由于汉英词语用法的差别， 当我们把原文动宾结构里的动词和名词分别译出后，这一对英语词语不见得搭配得当。,比如汉语动词“打”与各种名词搭配时，其译法不尽相同,“打电话”为 make a phone call, “打仗”为 fight a battle, give battle 或 engage in combat， “打麻将”为 play mahjong, “打太极拳”为 practice Taijiquan, “打毛衣”为 knit a sweater, “打响指”为
35、 snap ones fingers,“打文件”为 type the document 或 key in the document “ 打假”为 crack down on fake/counterfeit goods 或 crack down on fraudulent practices 等； 有时英译文还并非动宾结构，如“打喷嚏”为sneeze, “打寒战”为shiver, “打睦睡”为nod等,“驾驶飞机”是pilot a plane 或 fly a plane ；“增加预算”是 increase the budget “增加体重”是 gain weight 或 put on weig
36、ht “增加某人的烦恼”是 make one more worried 或add to ones worries.; “发现”经常译为discover,但“发现情况及时报 告”中的“发现”不是discover,而应酌情译为find, notice, spot等。,办公室助理一周工作七十甚至八十十小时不算 新鲜。,its not unusual for an office assistant to work for seventy or even eighty hours a week. its not unusual for an office assistant to work a seve
37、nty or even an eighty hour week.,work作为及物动词使用，类似用法的例子还有：“上夜班”（work the night shift), “产生奇效”（work wonders)，“不停地拼命工作”（work ones fingers to the bone), “ 向上爬”（work oneself up the career ladder)等,外来干涉也许会使这个国家陷入全面内战。,1.Outside interference may result in full-scale civil war in this country. 2.This country
38、 may fall into full-scale civil war because of outside interference. 3.Full-scale civil war may break out in this country because of outside interference. 4.Foreign interference may plunge the country into all-out civil war.,隋炀帝数征高丽，无功而返，耗尽了国家资源。,Emperor Yangdi made several attempts to conquer Korea
39、，but in vain，thus depleting the countrys resources. Emperor Yangdi of Sui launched several unsuccessful expeditions against Korea, thus exhausting the countrys resources. Emperor Yangdis unsuccessful campaigns against Korea drained the Sui empire of its resources.,我们今天将把药品和食物空运给被洪水围困的市民。,Today we wi
40、ll airlift medicine and food to the city residents surrounded by flood. Today we will deliver medicine and food by air to the city residents surrounded by flood. We will fly medicine as well as food supplies to the flood-besieged city residents today.,“遛狗” (walk the dog) “陪某人走回家”（walk someone home) “把鸡蛋竖立在桌面上”（stand an egg on the table) “把梯子靠在墙上”（lean the ladder against the wall) 。,
