1、,WELCOME!,Module One,语法点的讲练,动名词,Grammar,3,什么是非谓语动词啊？,“非谓语非谓语”,就是不是谓语的动词呗!,那不是谓语 是什么呢？,。,谓语：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。e.g. He works.He takes care of the baby.He will go to Shanghai.He didnt go to Shanghai.He has gone to Shanghai.You are students.You look smart.,单谓语或动词短语,情态动词/助动词+ v.,系动词+表语,概
2、念：,非谓语动词：,是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分.,一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）, 又没有连词的情况下,其它动词需用非谓语动词形式,使用条件:,Eg: She got off the bus, left her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus, but leaving her handbag on her seat.,leaving,left,非谓语动词,动名词,分词,现在分词,过去分词,动词不定式,动名词的定义,它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为:v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句
3、中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。,动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例）,注意：动名词的否定形式是：not writing/not having written,V-ing形式的构成方式：,1.在一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加词尾 ing。 eg. go going; do doing; ask asking; read - reading study studying; carry carrying; fly flying; worry worrying; 2.在以不发音的e 结尾的动词后，去掉e，再加- ing。 eg. come coming li
4、ve living dance dancing make making 3.在闭音节的单音节动词后、以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动词，而末尾只有一个辅音字母时，将这个辅音字母双写（x除外），然后再加 ing. sit sitting; run running; begin beginning; forget forgetting 4.在少数几个以 ie 结尾的动词后：须将ie 变作y，再加- ing。(这些动词词典一般均注明) eg. die dying; tie tying lie lying,动名词能在句中充当什么成分？,动名词的基本用法,用作主语所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。Pla
5、ying with fire is dangerous.（泛指） /To play with fire in this room is very fangerous.(表具体一次动作）Climbing mountains is really fun. 注意：动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。 1)It is no use/ good / useless + doing 2)It is a waste of time+doing 3)It is fun+doing 在以上两种结构中常用动名词作主语。Its no use crying over sp
6、ilt milk.(覆水难收）There is no joking about the matter.It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。,2. 用作宾语,1）作动词的宾语 某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy,appreciate,dislike, finish, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, delay, practise, resist, sugge
7、st, . give up, cannot help depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, cant stand, be used to, get used to, devoteto, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to等。如： 1.The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates. 2.It is better for you to practise speak
8、ing English every day. I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上走真是乐事。,为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：,后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜：,避免，错过，（少）延期建议，完成，（多）练习喜欢，想象，禁不住承认，否定，（又）妒忌逃避，冒险，（多）原谅忍受，保持，（不）介意,avoid, miss, postpone/put off,suggest, finish, practice,enjoy, imagine, cant help,admit, deny, envy,escape, risk, excuse,sta
9、nd, keep, mind,2）作介词的宾语 We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。Shall we have a rest or get down to _(do) our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活？ Despite they lack money, his parents sent him to a good university.He was late again because of _(get)up late.Lock the doors and windows be
10、fore go out. What/How about the two of us_(play) games？,doing,lacking,getting,going,playing,注意：to 在下列短语中是介词，常跟动名词作宾语。be/get used to look forward toget down to pay attention todevote oneself to lead to contribute to object to（反对）turn to see to stick to Eg :1. Lets get down to preparing for the exam.
11、2.Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isnt of much help when it comes to shop and eat.,shopping,eating,动名词用在下列词组后作宾语：give up, cant help, feel like, be worth, be busy, set about, put off, think of，insist on等 1.She cant help crying at the sad sight. 试比较：I am so busy and
12、I cant help clean the room now. 2.Do you feel like having a break? 试比较：I would like to have a cup of tea now. 既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有：1)意思相同的动词：like hate begin start continue intend prefer love Eg It continued raining/to rain hard . 2)意思发生变化的有：,1.remember/forget /regret,to do 动作尚未发生,doing 动作已经发生,2. try,t
13、o do 设法、努力去做，尽力,doing 试试去做（看有何结果）,3. mean,to do 打算做（主语一般是人）,doing 意味着（主语一般是物）,4. stop/ go on,to do停下去做另外一件事,doing 停止做手头的事情,He tried_( stand) up but failed. Lets try_(tell) him about the sad news. 2.I regret _(tell) you that I cannot come. I really regret_(miss) his lecture. 3. I meant_(buy) some bre
14、ad,but I forgot. Wasting time means_(kill) life. 4. I forgot _(wake) him up this morning. He forgot _(turn) the light off and went back to have a check. 5. Shall we go on _(discuss) the next question of insurance?After a short rest, he went on _(write) the same letter. 6. Please remember_(give) my b
15、est regards to your family.,to stand,telling,to tell,missing/having missed,to buy,killing,to wake,turning/having turned,to discuss,writing,5.） need, require, want作“需要”解时, 后接动词-ing形式作宾语, 主动形式表示被动意义, 相当于to be done。如： The radio needs / requires / wants repairing / to be repaired.,另外：deserve doing=to be
16、 done Eg: 1.Such a trouble maker deserves to be punished/punishing. . 2 Whoever has done such a thing deserves to be fired from our club sooner or later.,3.动名词做表语：解释前面的名词 1.Your task is cleaning the windows.=Cleaning the windows is your task. 2. What I hate most is being laughted at. 3.Her first del
17、ight was going to the Tower.,4.动名词做定语： a walking stick= a stick which is used for walking A washing machine=a machine for washing A reading room= a room .,）动名词的逻辑主语及复合结构 Would you mind _（我开窗户吗）？ Would you mind my / me opening the window? my/ me 称为动名词的逻辑主语 I cant understand Jack /Jacks leaving his wi
18、fe. I cant understand his/him leaving his wife. Jacks/ His leaving his wife is unbelievable. 动名词的逻辑主语 动名词动名词的复合结构,动名词的几个注意事项,动名词的复合结构,动名词前可以加一个 物主代词或 名词所有格来表示 这个动名词逻辑上的主语 ，构成动名词的复合结构或动名词短语 1).形容词性物主代词 / 名词所有格 + 动名词 在句中作主语/宾语: Marys coming late made her teacher angry. Do you mind my smoking? Do you m
19、ind my reading your paper?Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.Roses going wont be of much help.2).人称代词宾格 / 名词 + 动名词在句中作宾语:Im sure of him coming on time. He has never heard of a woman being a pilot. I dont mind Jack (him) going.She hates young people (them) smoking.,2. 动名词的被动形式: bein
20、g doneThe officers narrowly escaped _(kill) in the hot battle. 3. 动名词的否定形式：not doingnot having done You will be punished for not finishing your homework on time.,being killed,1.The news that our team had been defeated was disappointed. 2.Lucy doesnt mind to lend you her MP3. 3.After take his measure
21、, they decided to give him the position. 4.I still remember taken to Shanghai when I was a child.,disappointing,lending,taking,being,Correct the mistakes in each sentence.,5.I am not used to be spoken to like that. 6.We would appreciate to hear from you soon. 7.People sometimes cant help to buy some
22、thing they wont need. 8.I can hardly imagine Peter sails across the river. 9.Tony was very unhappy for having not been invited to the party.,being,hearing,buying,sailing,not having,选择题：,1. My watch needs _,but I have no time to go to town to have it _. to repair; repaired B. to be repaided; repairin
23、g C. repairing; repaired D. being repaired; repaired2. You should apologize to your sister for _ her the truth. telling B. not telling C. telling not D. not tell3. -The light in the office is still on.-Oh, I forgot _ it off. A. turning B. turn C. to turn D. having turned,4. Hearing the bad news, the
24、 mother couldnt help _. to cry B. crying C. cry D. cries5. Our teacher told us to spend some time _ English every day. to practise speaking B. practising speaking C. to practise to speak D. practising to speak6. It is no use _ without doing. to promise B. promising C. promise D. to be promised,Homework,Finish all the exercises in Word Study and Grammar in the textbook and the workbook.,Thanks !,
