1、名师谈外语学习讲座,怎样自学英语,主讲：陈琳教授,陈琳简介,北京外国语大学教授，曾任北外海南分校校长，成人教育学院院长。现任教育部国家英语课程标准专家组组长、北京市人民政府顾问、北京市民讲外语工程组委会专家顾问团团员、中国老教授协会外国语文专业委员会理事长。,座右铭：活着，就要工作。,一、创设英语环境,二、创造英语听说机会,三、系统了解英语语法,四、逐渐提高阅读能力,六、善于利用工具书,五、自学英语的写与译,七、专业英语学习,自学英语的七大难题,一、创设英语环境,老师,书籍,广播,电视,电脑,网络,工具书,语言学习,录音机,磁带,参考书,电影,报纸,杂志,二、创造英语听说机会,1、将听和说的练
2、习结合起来,2、利用背诵提高口语,3、选择适用的口语教材,三、系统了解英语语法,1、如何系统地了解英语语法？,自学者必须系统地学习一两本英语语法书,三、系统了解英语语法,2、如何使用英语语法书？,英语语法：词法+句法,举例： (1) I asked him to do that. “及物动词+宾语+动词不定式（做宾语补语） (2) I stopped him (from) doing that. “及物动词+宾语（+介词from）+动名词”,问题： 如何使用forbid表达“禁止某人做某事”？,推荐： A Comprehensive English Grammar (for foreign s
3、tudents) 综合英语语法 Edited by C.E.Eckersley & J.M.Eckersley,3、有哪些语法书比较实用？,三、系统了解英语语法,四、逐渐提高阅读能力,1、阅读要精泛读并举,2.1 阅读译文2.2 阅读原文简写本2.3 阅读原文,四、逐渐提高阅读能力,2、要逐渐过度到阅读原文,3.1 读懂文章大意3.2 弄清词语含义3.3 分析句子结构,四、逐渐提高阅读能力,3、精读的方法,Mr.and Mrs.(1)Dursley, of number four, Privet Drive(2), were proud to say that they were perfec
4、tly normal, thank you very much(3). They were the last people youd expect to be involved in(4) anything strange or mysterious, because they just didnt hold with(5) such nonsense.Mr. Dursley was the director of a firm called Grunnings, which made drills. He was a big, beefy man with hardly(6) any nec
5、k, although he did have a very large mustache. Mrs. Dursley was thin and blonde and had nearly twice the usual amount of neck, which came in very useful as she spent so much of her time craning over garden fences, spying on the neighbors. The Dursleys had a small son called Dudley and in their opini
6、on there was no finer boy anywhere.-from Harry Patter and the Philoshopherss Stone, by J.K.Rowling,四、逐渐提高阅读能力,3、精读的方法 （例文1）,四、逐渐提高阅读能力,Mr. Mrs. Private Drive Thank you very much. to be the last (people) to be (involved in)Wang Ping is the last student to be late for school.She is the last person to
7、become a surgery, for shes afraid of seeing bleeding. (5) to hold with (6) hardly: I can hardly believe it.,3、精读的方法 （例文1）,There was no possibility of taking a walk(1) that day. We had been wandering(2), indeed, in the leafless shrubbery and hour in the morning; but since dinner (Mrs. Reed, when ther
8、e was no company(1), dined early) the cold winter wind had brought with it clouds so somber, and a rain so penetrating(2), that further outdoor exercise was now out of the question(3).-from Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Bronte,四、逐渐提高阅读能力,3、精读的方法 （例文2）,词法： (1) company (2) penetrating (3) out of the questio
9、n,四、逐渐提高阅读能力,3、精读的方法 （例文2）,句法： of taking a walk We had been wandering,译文：那天再出去散步是不可能了。的确，早上我们曾在枝叶凋零的灌木丛中闲逛了一个小时；但是，自午饭之后（没有客人时，里德夫人午饭吃的较早），袭人的冬风就带来如此阴沉的乌云和透人衣衫的大雨，以致再想做些户外活动是根本办不到了。,四、逐渐提高阅读能力,3、精读的方法 （例文2）,五、自学英语的写与译,1、模仿,2、复述,3、自我修订,4、比较译文,六、善于利用工具书,1、至少有一本“可用的词典”,2、尽早使用“英英辞典”,3、了解辞典特点以充分利用,4、记住词的
10、多样性,六、善于利用工具书,1.1 教材中的生词表,1.2 袖珍小词典,1.3 可用的词典,1、至少有一本“可用的词典”,提供词的读音、词形变化、词类、基本词义和各种转义、与其他词的搭配、与其他词组成的短语和习语以及例句等 ,举例： Smog 汉语释义： 烟雾 英语释义： Smog/smog/noun(u) polluted air that is a mixture of smoke and fog （不可数名词，属于烟与舞的混合物的污浊气体）(from P 1351 Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners 麦克米伦高阶英语词典)
11、,六、善于利用工具书,2、尽早使用“英英辞典”,（1）Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners麦克米伦高阶英语词典特点：在词条的释义中，所用的英语单词不超出2500个。 特别附有“语言提示”专页，就英语的惯用法、修辞手段、构词法、口语话语、英美语差异以及计算机用语等都作了简要介绍。,六、善于利用工具书,3、了解辞典特点以充分利用,（2）Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English 牛津现代高级英语辞典特点：将英语动词在句子中所要求的句型分为25大类。在全书篇首的动词句型部
12、分中列表举例说明；又在辞典正篇每个动词词条里，将该动词所要求的句型按25类中的号码列出，并给出例句。,举例： fast (1) adj. A fast train (2) adv. The train goes very fast.,六、善于利用工具书,4、记住词的多样性,问题： What does “fast” mean in “a fast friend” ?,忠实的、可靠的,1、专业英语(ESP)的概念,七、专业英语学习,2、专业英语与一般英语的联系,自学外语，千万不要东敲一锤，西打一棒。,两点忠告,学习外语没有什么万灵的药方，也不存在捷径。,一、创设英语环境,二、创造英语听说机会,三、系统了解英语语法,四、逐渐提高阅读能力,六、善于利用工具书,五、自学英语的写与译,七、专业英语学习,自学英语的七大难题,！,谢谢各位！,
