1、ST/ESA/M.86/Rev. 1 Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services 2010 (MSITS 2010) Department of Economic and Social Affairs Statistics Division United Nations asdf International Monetary Fund World Trade Organization United Nations Conference on Trade and Development asdf World Tourism Or
2、ganization Geneva, Luxembourg, Madrid, New York, Paris and Washington D.C. 2011 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Statistical office of the European UnionDESA is a vital interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental compiles, generates and analyses
3、a wide range of economic, social and environmental data and information on which Members States of the United Nations draw to review common problems and to take stock of policy options; it facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to ad
4、- dress ongoing or emerging global challenges; and it advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build national capacities. Not
5、e not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations, particularly concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers analytical convenience and does not imply any assump
6、tion regarding political or - tions “developed” and “developing” are intended for statistical and analytical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. United Nations publication Sales No.E.10.XVII.14 ISBN
7、 978-92-1-161542-5 Copyright 2011 United NationsAll rights reserved. Printed by the United Nations, New Yorkiii Foreword The revision and publication of the Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services were undertaken by our seven organizations and managed through the mechanism of the int
8、er-agency Task Force on Statistics of International Trade in Services. The Manual was published following its adoption, on 26 February 2010, by the United Nations Statistical Commission at its forty-first session, held in New York from 23 to 26 February 2010.* The Manual on Statistics of Internation
9、al Trade in Services 2010 (MSITS 2010) sets out an internationally agreed framework for the compilation and reporting of statistics of international trade in services in a broad sense, which addresses the needs, includ- ing those of international trade negotiations and agreements, for more detailed,
10、 more comparable and more comprehensive statistics on this type of trade in its various forms. The recommendations presented, which are promoted by our seven organizations, will enable countries to progressively expand and structure the information they compile in an internationally comparable way.
11、MSITS 2010 conforms with and explicitly relates to the System of National Accounts 2008 and the sixth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual. The preparation of MSITS 2010 has benefited from strong cooperation among the international organizations, the advice
12、 of specialist consultants, the invaluable input of a large number of member countries experts and the many comments received dur- ing the successive worldwide reviews, in 2006, 2008 and 2009, conducted under the auspices of the Task Force. It is intended for use by national and international organi
13、- zations, and we commend it to countries for their progressive implementation, taking into account their national information needs, priorities and resources. The electronic version of MSITS 2010 is available on the Internet.* The annexes, including the correspondence tables, should be viewed as li
14、ving documents which may be modified over time as the impacts of the new classifications become better understood. Adelheid Burgi-Schmelz Director Statistics Department International Monetary Fund Paul Cheung Director United Nations Statistics Division United Nations Martine Durand Chief Statisticia
15、n and Director Statistics Directorate Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Hubert Escaith Chief Statistician World Trade Organization Henri Laurencin Chief Statistician United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Walter Radermacher Director General Statistical Office of the
16、European Union Mr. Taleb Rifai Secretary-General World Tourism Organization * See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2010, Supplement No. 4 (E/2010/24), chap. I.B, decision 41/104, para. (b). * See http:/unstats.un.org/ unsd/tradeserv/TFSITS/msits2010. htm; and http:/unstats.un.org
17、/ unsd/tradeserv/TFSITS/msits2010/ annexes.htm.v Acknowledgements The Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services, the first edition of which was issued in 2002, has been jointly revised by the participants in the Interagency Task Force on Statistics of International Trade in Services ma
18、ndated by the United Nations Statistical Commission. Convened by the Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development (OECD), this Task Force includes representatives from the World Trade Organization (WTO), the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), the International Monetary Fund (IMF),
19、 the Statistical Office of the European Union (Eurostat), the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the World Tourism Organization, as well as leading experts from Germany, Italy, Japan and the United States of America.1 This revision was carried out between 2006 and 2010.
20、The contents of the new edition of the Manual (MSITS 2010) were aligned to the revisions of well-established revised international statistical standards, in particular the sixth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, the System of National Accounts 2008, and
21、 the revised OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment (4th ed., 2008) as well as the system of tourism statistics. MSITS 2010 also includes a new chapter discussing the measurement of services “modes of supply” to respond, inter alia, to information needs related to the General Agreeme
22、nt on Trade in Services. The successive drafts of MSITS 2010 were subject to three rounds of worldwide consultations of expert groups, national statistical agencies, national central banks, international organizations, trade negotiators and other users. The consultations were coordinated by IMF, UNS
23、D and the World Trade Organization. Reviews of the revision process of MSITS 2010 were also undertaken during meetings of the IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics, of the group of OECD-Eurostat Experts in Trade in Services Statistics and, afterwards, of the OECD Working Party on Internati
24、onal Trade in Goods and Trade in Services, and the OECD Workshop on International Investment Statistics; and at regional workshops for national statisticians conducted by the United Nations Statistics Division, in cooperation with the regional commissions and national agencies, and at seminars of IM
25、F, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and the World Trade Organization, among others. The Task Force benefited immensely from the advice received at those various meetings and seminars, and also from comments received from the more than 100 economies that provided feedback during the three con
26、sultations. MSITS 2010 also reflects the work of the UNSD Tech- nical Subgroup on the Movement of Persons Mode 4 which had been established by the Task Force in 2004. The work of this group was terminated in 2006. Between 2002 and 2010, the Task Force was chaired, through 2008, by Wil- liam Cave (OE
27、CD), followed by Bettina Wistrom (OECD). In revising MSITS 2010, participants of the Task Force shared the work by assigning responsibilities for indi- vidual chapters and annexes, as follows: Ronald Jansen and Karoly Kovacs, UNSD (chap. I, and EBOPS 2010-CPC, Version 2.0 online correspondence table
28、); Joscelyn 1 Other experts were involved, both national and from other organiza- tions such as the World Health Organization (WHO), the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and the Secretariat of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA).vi Manual on Stat
29、istics of International Trade in Services 2010 Magdeleine and Andreas Maurer, World Trade Organization (chaps. II and V, and W/120-EBOPS 2010 online correspondence table); Thomas Alexander and Margaret Fitzgibbon, IMF (chap. III); William Cave and Bettina Wistrom, OECD (chap. IV and annexes I and II
30、 and online annex on MSITS 2010 and the System of Health Accounts); Antonio Massieu and Marion Libreros, World Tourism Organization (annex V); Mush- taq Hussain, Daniela Comini, Franca Faes-Cannito and Szymon Bielecki, Eurostat (annex II and EBOPS 2010-ICFA, Rev. 1, online correspondence table); and
31、 Robert Hamwey, Michael Hanni and Astrit Sulstarova, UNCTAD (glossary). Throughout the revision process, the Task Force also benefited from the input of experts at: Deutsche Bundesbank (Almut Steger); Ufficio Italiano dei Cambi and Banca dItalia (Giovanni Giuseppe Ortolani); Bank of Japan (Tetsuma A
32、rita, Satoru Hagino, Joji Ishikawa, Toshie Koori, Kuniko Moriya, Takehiro Nobumori and Eika Yamaguchi); and United States Bureau of Economic Analysis (Maria Borga, Michael Mann, Obie G. Whichard, Robert Yuskavage and William Zeile). The Task Force wishes to express its appreciation to the following
33、colleagues who provided it with advice: Claude Peyroux (Banque de France); Chawe Mpande-Chuulu and Themba Munalula (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa); Robert J. Pember (International Labour Organization); Robert Dippelsman, Natalia Ivanik, Ralph Kozlow and Neil Patterson (IMF); Eivind H
34、offmann (Norwegian Directorate of Immigration); Nadim Ahmad, Charles Aspden, Ayse Bertrand, Massimo Geloso Grosso, Anne Harrison, Thomas Hatzichronoglou, Rainer Lanz, Andreas Lindner and Sbastien Miroudot (OECD); Iluminada Sicat and Regina Juinio (Bangko Sen- tral ng Pilipinas); Jos Antonio Isanta F
35、oncuberta (Instituto Nacional de Estadstica, Spain); Eduardo Rodriguez-Tenes (Banco de Espaa); Michael Atingi-Ego (Bank of Uganda); Sanja Blazevic and Masataka Fujita (UNCTAD); Claudia De Camino (Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean); Lydia Deloumeaux (United Nations Educational,
36、Scientific and Cultural Organization); Alessandra Alfi- eri, Ralf Becker, Ivo Havinga and Vladimir Markhonko (UNSD); Matthias Helble (World Health Organization); Carlos Mazal (World Intellectual Property Organiza- tion); Rudolf Adlung, Barbara DAndrea-Adrian, Antonia Carzaniga, Martin Roy and Jayash
37、ree Watal (World Trade Organization); and Julian Arkell. In late 2009, Mark Pollard, a consultant financed by OECD and the WTO, was entrusted with the task of carrying out a thorough review of MSITS 2010, so as to ensure cross-chapter consistency. Secretarial and administrative support, particularly
38、 by Fabiana Cerasa, was contributed by OECD. Editorial support was financed by UNSD. The present Manual was submitted to, and adopted by, the Statistical Commis- sion at its forty-first session, held in February 2010.vii List of acronyms AMNE activities of multinational enterprises BD4 Fourth editio
39、n of the OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment BPM6 Sixth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual c.i.f. cost, insurance, freight (also CIF) CPC Central Product Classification EBOPS Extended Balance of Payments Services Classification Eurostat
40、 Statistical Office of the European Union FATS foreign affiliates statistics (as used in this Manual) FDI foreign direct investment FDIR Framework for Direct Investment Relationships FISIM financial intermediation services indirectly measured f.o.b. free on board (also FOB) FTE full-time equivalent
41、GATS General Agreement on Trade in Services GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GDP gross domestic product HS Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System ICFA ISIC, Rev.4 Categories for Foreign Affiliates in services ICSE International Classification of Status in Employment (Internati
42、onal Labour Organization) ILO International Labour Organization IMF International Monetary Fund IMTS International Merchandise Trade Statistics IRTS International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics ISCO International Standard Classification of Occupations (International Labour Organization) ISIC
43、 International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities ITRS International Transactions Reporting Systems MFN most-favoured-nation (treatment) MNE multinational enterprise NPISH non-profit institution serving households NPO non-profit organization OECD Organisation for Economic
44、Co-operation and Development RSIM recommendations on statistics of international migration SNA System of National Accounts SPEs special-purpose entities TFSITS Task Force on Statistics of International Trade in Services TRIPS Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rightsviii Man
45、ual on Statistics of International Trade in Services 2010 TSA tourism satellite account UCI ultimate controlling institutional unit (used in respect of foreign affiliates) UN United Nations UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development W/120 Services Sectoral Classification List (see Wor
46、ld Trade Organization document MTN.GNS/W/120)ix Contents Page Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47、. . . . . . . . . . . v List of acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiI. General introduction and foundations of the Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1A. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1B. Overview of changes to the Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2C. Foundations of the Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31. Mod
49、es of supply identified by the General Agreement on T rade in Services 32. International standards for economic statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4D. Set of recommended elements for phased implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51. Recommended core elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52. Other recommended elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63. Metadata requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7E. Organization of th
