1、,The passive voice of non-infinite,The window is broken. The window was broken by the naughty boy.,Look at the sentences.,当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词用被动语态 。,常见时态的被动语态： 一般现在时：am / is / are done 一般过去时：was / were done 现在进行时：am / is / are being done,过去进行时：was / were being done 现在完成时：have / has be
2、en done 过去完成时：had been done 一般将来时：shall / will be done; be going to be done 当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can / may/ must / have to be done,Passive voice of infinitive： 当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，一般要用不定式的被动式。,Its an honour (for me ) to be invited to the ceremony. Its an honour (for me ) to invite you to the cere
3、mony. 2. She didnt like to be treated as a child. She didnt like to treat the boy as a child.,不定式的被动式在句中作什么成分,作主语,作主语,作宾语,作宾语,3. His dream was to be admitted to a good university. She doesnt seem to like the idea. 4. There are a lot of problems to be discussed. We have a lot of problems to discuss.,
4、作表语,作定语,5. Parents greatly encourage their children to join the club. The shopkeeper saw a thief slip into the store. A thief was seen to slip into the store by the shopkeeper. Im glad to be made chairman. Im glad to have made him our chairman.,作宾补,作宾补,作主补,作原因状语,6. She was sent there to be trained f
5、or the space flight. She was sent there to train the spacemen for the space flight.Those fans hurried to the airport, only to be told that the idol had left. Those fans hurried to the airport, only to find that the idol had left.,目的状语,结果状语,辨析： 1. Do you have anything to wash today? (to wash的逻辑主语为句子的
6、主语you)你今天要洗什么吗？ 2. Do you have anything to be washed? (to be washed不是you做，而是由“我”或其他人来做) 你有什么要其他人洗的吗？,不定式有时要用主动形式表示被动意义 1. 在There be/ seem+主语+to do表示存在的句型中的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义 Theres not enough food to eat. 没有足够的食物吃。 Theres no chair to sit on. 没有椅子坐。,2.在形容词以及含有形容词的名词后的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义，其中形容词常见的有easy, d
7、ifficult, important, impossible等。 The work is impossible to finish in two days. = It is impossible to finish the work in two days.,3. 在一些固定用法，如“挨骂，受责备，受批评” 用be to blame；“（东西等）出租”用to let。(to blame/to let 作表语）He is to blame for what he has done.他应为他所做的受责备。The house is to let. 房子要出租。,passive voice of v
8、ing:动词-ing形式的被动式, 其构成为 “being+done”. 如果动词-ing形式的逻辑主语为所表示的动作的承受者，动词-ing形式要用被动语态.,动词-ing形式的被动式在各句中作什么成分? 1. So being killed by sharks was a common occurrence. 2. He didnt mind being left at home. 3. That building being repaired is our library. 4. Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were qu
9、ite safe. 5. Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip away?,作主语,作宾语,作定语,作状语,作状语,George didnt like being kept waiting.I am not interested in the topic being discussed. The decision having been made was how to make a good plan. He was afraid of being scolded by the teacher.,作宾语,
10、作定语,作定语,作宾语,Its a pleasure being invited to the party. Being offered such a good chance was luck. What I hate most is being looked down upon. Our task is cleaning the canteen.,作主语,作主语,作表语,作表语,The present situation is inspiring.He often watched the boats being unloaded. As we approached the village w
11、e saw new houses being built.,作表语,作宾补,作宾补,*Being badly wounded, the whale soon died. *Having been told many times, she still made the same mistake. *Seeing from the hill, we found the small village beautiful. *Children rushed out, laughing. *Her husband died, leaving her a big fortune and a daughter
12、.,原因状语,让步状语,时间状语,伴随状语,结果状语,He nearly got hit by a car. The old couple were shocked at the news. Go and get your hair cut. The old man had his wallet stolen. Can you make yourself understood?,表语,表语,宾补,He is a man loved by all. =He is a man who is loved by all.The bridge built needs repairing. =The br
13、idge which/that has been built needs repairing. Frustrated, he returned to his homeland.,定语,定语,原因状语,Given more time, I could do it better.Though told many times, the boy wouldnt quit smoking. Seen from the hill, the church looks awesome.,条件状语,让步状语,时间状语,固定用法： *to be honest/frank; to speak frankly; to begin/start with; to put it briefly; to tell (you) the truth *generally speaking; judging from/by; considering; seeing; allowing for *given,
