1、1动词一、什么是动词:动词是用来表示主语做什么（即行为动词） ，或表示主语是什么或怎么样（即状态动词）的词，例如：The boy runs fast.（这个男孩跑得快。 ）runs 表示主语的行为He is a boy.（他是个男孩。 ）is 与后面的表语 a boy 表示主语的状态二、动词的分类（一）行为动词:行为动词（实义动词）是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整，可以单独作谓语。例如：I live in Beijing with my mother.（我和我妈妈住在北京。 ）live，住行为动词分为：原形，三单，现在分词，过去式，过去分词（二）连系动词: 连系动词是表示主语“是什么”
2、 或“怎么样”的词，它虽有词义，但不完整，所以不能单独作谓语，必须跟表语一起构成合成谓语，例如：We are in Grade Two this year.（今年我们在两年级。 ）连系动词可具体分为三类：1、表示“是”的动词 be。这个词在不同的主语后面和不同的时态中有不同的形式，is，am ，are ， was，were，have/has been 等要特别予以注意。例如：He is a teacher.（他是个教师。 ）We are Chinese.（我们是中国人。 ）用法归纳：我（I）用 am，你（you）有 are，他（he） ，她（she） ，它（it ）用 is，单数用 is，复数
3、用are，不可数用 is2、表示“感觉”的词，如 look（看起来） ，feel（觉得，摸起来） ，smell （闻起来） ，sound（听起来），taste（尝起来）等，例如：She looked tired.（她看一去很疲劳。 ） I feel ill.（我觉得不舒服。 ）Cotton feels soft.（棉花摸起来很软。 ） The story sounds interesting.（这个故事听起来很有趣。 ）The flowers smell sweet.（这些花闻起来很香。 ） 注意：表示“感觉”的词后面跟形容词。3、表示“变”、 “变成”的意思的词，如 become, get,
4、 grow, turn, 都解释为“变” 、 “变得”，例如：She became a college student.（她成了一名大学生。 ）He feels sick. His face turns white.（他感到不舒服，他的脸色变苍白了。 ）The weather gets warmer and the days get longer when spring comes.（春天来了，天气变得暖和些了，白天也变得较长些了。 ） He grew old.（他老了。 ）（三）助动词: 这类词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能与主要动词一起构成谓语，表示不同的时态、语态、表示句子的否定和疑问
5、。1，do,does,did 用法：用于一般疑问句。do 用于当主语是第一人称 I, 第二人称 you 及复数时（复数包括 we, they, these, those及两个以上的人或者事物。 does 用于当主语是第三人称单数时（第三人称包括 she, he, it, this, that,单独的事物或者人名等） 。 时态是一般过去时，用 did。2，dont,doesnt,didnt 用法：用于否定句。主语是三单，用 doesnt；主语是非三单，用 dont。时态是一般过去时，用 didnt。（四）情态动词: 这类词本身虽有意义，但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、说话人的语气或情态，如“可能
6、”、 “应当 ”等。这类动词有 can, may, must, need, could, might 等。它们不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词（原形）一起作谓语，表示完整的意思，例如：I can dance.（我会跳舞。 ）can, 能, 会动词专项练习题一、用 am, is, are,was,were 填空 .1) I _ a student. 2) You _ a doctor. 3) _she from Jinan? 4) _you American? 5) It_ a car. 6) They _ cars 27) _ your mother in China? 8) _your fri
7、ends in New York?9) These _ buses. 10) Those _oranges. 11) How old _your teacher? 12) I _ a student two years ago. 13),_you at home yesterday?14）Ten and two _ twelve. 15),This _my brother.16),The news _good. 17)There _two books and a pen here.二，判断下面动词是？A，行为动词 B，be 动词 C，感官动词 D，助动词 E，情态动词1,Could you p
8、lease help me?2,My brother is a teacher3. He likes his pupils very much.4, Her face turns pale（苍白）when she heard the bad news.5, Her voice sounds like my mothers.6, Here comes the bus!7,Can you play football?8,Do you go to school?9,I dont go shopping.10,Did you go home yesterday?11,I must go home no
9、w.12,There are some birds in the tree.13,Does my brother wash his homework?14,Tom doesnt go to school.15,Mary didnt go to school.三，用所给单词的适当形式填空。1,I play _(高兴) 2,He looks _(高兴)3,He can _(swim) 4,He is a _（好） student. 5,He played basketball _.（好） 6,The story sounds _（interest）. 7,I am _ in this book.
10、（interest） 8,It _ a round face.（有） 9,I _ a book. （有） 10,He _ a dotor.(变成) 11, His face _ white(变成) 12, The weather _ warmer. (变得) 13, He _ old。 （长成） 14, I can _(swim) 15.She must _(do) her homework. 16,He doesnt _(go)to school. 17, Terry didnt _(play) the guitar. 18,Do you _(go) home? 19,Does he _(g
11、o) home? 20,Did Tom _(go) home yesterday?四找朋友。 do does He _ I _ she_ we_ it _ you_they _ Jack and Tom _ a dog _ 五，用 do,does,did，dont,doesnt,didnt 填空.1. _ he watch TV at night? Yes, he_ 2. _ you go to school everyday? 3. _ Jack and Peter like apples? 4. _ Tina go swimming on Sunday?5. _they play foot
12、ball? 6. _ we have a good teacher? 8. _your dog walk in the zoo? 9. _ I have a big nose? 10. _ your cats eat fish? 11._you go to school yesterday? Yes ,we _12, I _want to go to Chinese restaurant. 13.They _do sports every day. 14. Terry _play the guitar. 15. My father_ like his job. 16. We _go to th
13、e park on the weekend. 17.Tom _ go to school yesterday. 一般疑问句的讲解与练习什么是一般疑问句: 用 Yes 或 No 作答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。一般疑问句还有下列特点：1、以 be 动词、助动词或情态动词开头；2、往往读升调；3、译成汉语，都可以带上“吗”，一，有 be（is,am,are,was,were）动词的句子变一般疑问句：一提二变三问号. 3一提:是提 be 动词到句首 二变：变大小写，一二人称互变 三问号：句末写问号肯定回答和否定回答：用什么问用什么答例 ： She is a girl. Is she a girl? Yes
14、, she is No,she isnt 注意：1, I am . Are you ? Yes,I am No, I am not. (am not 不能缩写)2，This/That is . . Is this/that.? Yes, it is No, it isnt.3,These/Those are . . Are these/those.? Yes,they are No, they arent .练习：1.This is a boy2.It is a cat .3.That is your sister.4.Those are my books.5.These are apples
15、.二，有情态动词（can， could，must，need）的句子变一般疑问句：一提二变三问号. 一提:是提情态动词到句首 二变：变大小写，一二人称互变 三问号：句末写问号肯定回答和否定回答：用什么问用什么答注意：I must/need Must /Need you.? Yes, I must No, I needntToms father can play the piano.Can Toms father play the piano?Yes, he can No, he can;t练习：They can swim. 三，有行为动词/实义动词的句子变一般疑问句：一加二变三问号一加:句首加
16、do，does ，did 二变：变大小写，一二人称互变 三问号：句末写问号肯定回答和否定回答：用什么问用什么答They go to school by bike. Do they go to school by bike? Yes, they do No, they dont Bill gets up at 6:30 every day.Does Bill get up at 6:30 every day? Yes, he does No, he doesnt练习：1.I love my parents. 2.I played computer games every night.3.He h
17、as a TV.陈述句变一般疑问句应注意的事项陈述句变成一般疑问句除了遵循上述规则以外，还应注意下列几点：1.如果陈述句中有第一人称，则变问句时最好要变为第二人称。例：I usually have lunch at school.Do you usually have lunch at school?My father is playing soccer.Is your father playing soccer?2.如果陈述句中有 some, 则变问句时往往要变成 any 。例： There is some water on the playground.Is there any water
18、 on the playground.3，肯定回答和否定回答时，人名改成相应的人称代词。Is Tom a boy? Yes,he is练习：将下列句子改成一般疑问句：并做肯定回答和否定回答1. It is a lovely dog. _Yes,_ No,_2.Tom and Mary are cousins._Yes,_ No,_3. I am a doctor. _ Yes,_ No,_4. There was an animal in the zoo. _Yes,_ No,_5. We have a pleasant home. _ Yes,_ No,_6,We have got a st
19、ory book. _ Yes,_ No,_7.Those are beautiful parks. _ Yes,_ No,_8.That is a big map. _ Yes,_ No,_9. You were a singer. _ Yes,_ No,_10.I can swim. _ Yes,_ No,_11.This is my brother. _ Yes,_ No,_12,These are my friends. _ Yes,_ No,_13.I must go home now._ Yes,_ No,_414.I need go to school. _ Yes,_ No,_
20、15.Tom was a student two years ago. _Yes,_ No,_16,Tom played football yesterday._ Yes,_ No,_17,Tom plays football everyday. _ Yes,_ No,_18,I play football everyday. _ Yes,_ No,_19,Tom does his homework. _ Yes,_ No,_20,Tom did his homework. _ Yes,_ No,_否定句的讲解与练习把肯定句改成否定句分以下情况：1,句中有 be 动词的，在 be 动词后加 n
21、ot；2,句中有情态动词的（can ,should，must ，would） ，在情态动词后面加 not；3,句中有实义动词/行为动词的，在动词前加 dont 或 doesnt /didnt； 句中动词为原形的，加 dont .如： I like apples. I dont like apples.句中动词为三单的，加 doesnt，并将三单的动词还原成原形。如：He likes apples. He doesnt like apples.时态为过去时的,要加 didnt 而且动词过去式要改为原形,例:I went to school yesterday .I didnt go to sch
22、ool yeaterday .注意：见助动词，动词用原形。4.肯定句中的 some 在否定句中应改为 any 如：There are some students in the classroom. There are not any students in the classroom.练习：将下列各句改成否定句1, Toms brother is walking in the park._2,There are some books in the bookcase._3, Im a student._4,Your father can ride a bike._5,They were stud
23、ents two years ago. _6,I have a book. _7,She has a book. _8.We had a book. _9,We had got a book. _10,She must go home now. _11,He does his homework. _ 12,He did his homework. _ 特殊疑问词的用法意思 用法 例句who 谁 问人的身份，姓名等He is LiLie Who is he ?He is my brother. Who is he ?what 什么 问人的职业或事物是什么He is a worker. What
24、is he?He has a book. What does he have ?what color 什么颜色 问颜色（表语） My skirt is red. What color is your skirt?What time 几点 问点时间 We play games at five in the afternoon ?What time do you play games?when 什么时候 问时间 We play games in the afternoon ?When do you play games?where 什么地方 问地点（状语） We play games at hom
25、e on Sunday ?Where do you play games on Sunday?5why 为什么 问原因 He isnt at school today because he is ill.Why isnt he at school today ?how 怎样 问健康状况、做事的方式等He is fine/strong. How is he ?I go home by bike. How do you go home?how old 多大几岁 问年龄 He is ten. How old is he ?how many 多少 跟复数名词，问数量There are thirty b
26、oys in my class.How many boys are there in your class?how much 多少 跟不可数名词问数量或价钱 There is some milk in the bottle.How much milk is there in the bottle?how far 多远 问路程 Its five kilometers away from here? How far is it from here?how soon 多久 问 in+一段时间 He can finish it in half an hour.How soon can he finis
27、h it ?how long 多久 问一段时间，问物体的长短He has lived here for a year. How long has he lived here?The desk is one meters long. How long is the desk ?how often 多久（一次）问频率 I go to see my parents once a month.How often do you go to see your parents?对画线部分提问实际是做一个特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？方法：用一个特殊疑问词代替划线部分，剩下的部分变成一般疑问句特殊疑问句
28、练习题对画线部分提问1,They bought a new bike yesterday. What_they _ yesterday？2,She is a nurse . _ _ she?3,She is my teacher. _ _ she?4,I am looking for my sister . _ _ you looking for?5,I get up at six . _ _ _get up?_ _ _ _get up?6,I am from Hubei . _ are you from?7,I went to school late because I got up lat
29、e. _ are you late?8. It is windy . _ is the weather like today?9. I am getting on well with it. _are you get on with it?10. My bag is red . _ _is your bag?11. I like math best. _ subject do you like best? 12. They are five yuan . _ _ are they?13. I wash it twice a week . _ _ do you wash it?14. He wi
30、ll be back in four days . _ _will he be back?15. I didnt come to class yesterday because I was ill . _ _ you come to class yesterday?16He often has lunch in the factory _ _ he often _ lunch？ 17. My father goes to work by car. _ _ your father _ to work ?18. It take 15 minutes for a ferry to cross the
31、 river. _ _ _ it _for a ferry to cross the river? 19. 3 and 9 is 12. _ is 3 and 9?20，There are thirty boys in my class._ _ _are there in your class?21,There is some milk in the bottle._ _ _ is there in the bottle?622,He has lived here for a year. _ _ has he lived here?23,The desk is one meters long. _ _ is the desk ?
