1、Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,1,IELTS写作,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,2,1. 雅思写作概述及评分标准,1.1 课程目标 1.2 课程安排 1.3 授课理念 1.4 小作文基本情况 1.5 大作文基本情况 1.6 分数计算 1.7 答题纸 1.8 书写格式 1.9 雅思写作评分标准说明,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,3,1.1 课程目标,1.1.1 官方信息来源 1.1.2 全球三大考区总体情况 1.1.3 中国大陆考区总体情况,Xiamen NOS IELTS Researc
2、h Center,4,1.1.1 官方信息来源,http:/www.ielts.org/researchers/analysis_of_test_data/test_taker_performance_2010.aspx Test taker performance 2010,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,5,1.1.2 全球三大考区总体情况,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,6,1.1.3 中国大陆考区总体情况,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,7,1.2 课程安排,雅思写作授课大纲 新东方雅
3、思写作基础教材 剑桥系列,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,8,1.3 授课理念,动脑+动笔 没有理解，练习亦是枯燥 没有练习，理解亦是空白 课堂互动+作业提交,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,9,1.4 小作文基本情况,1.4.1 数据类图表题 1.4.1 非数据类图表题,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,10,1.4.1 数据类图表题,39/48 81% Line 5 Pie 8 Bar 13 Table 12 Combination 1,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research C
4、enter,11,1.4.1 非数据类图表题,9/48 19% Map Diagram Flow,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,12,1.5 大作文基本情况,1.5.1 议论类 1.5.2 说明类,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,13,1.5.1 议论类,Discuss both views and give your own opinion Do the advantages outweigh disadvantages 怎样的观点“正确”？ 怎样写顺手？,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,
5、14,1.5.2 说明类,Problem + Reasons + Solution,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,15,1.6 分数计算,分数构成,That is to say,Overall=40%task1 + 60% task2,Task1: 8 Task2: 3 Overall=3.2+1.8=5,4:6,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,16,1.7 答题纸,12 words per line Task 1 13 lines page1-2 Task 2 20 lines page3-4 见好就收,Xiamen NO
6、S IELTS Research Center,17,1.8 书写格式,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,18,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,19,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,20,1.9 评分标准说明,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,21,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,22,Task Response 是否涵盖要点；是否切题、合理 Coherence and Cohesion 句语句、段与段的衔接 Lexical Re
7、sources 用词的准确性和灵活性 Grammatical Range and Accuracy 语法多样性和准确性,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,23,2. 小作文透析及派图解析,2.1 小作文总体审题特点 2.10 派图介绍 2.2 小作文写作必备能力 2.11 派图的写作技巧 2.3 小作文考点热点 2.12 派图的重难点 2.4 小作文综合预测 2.13 派图词汇基础之占据 2.5 小作文注意事项 2.14 派图词汇基础之倍数 2.6 小作文开头段写法 2.15 派图主语替换技巧 2.7 小作文主体段要求 2.16 派图的常用句型 2.8 小作文主
8、体段顺序 2.9 小作文结尾段写法,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,24,2.1 小作文总体审题特点,2.1.1 审题 2.1.2 构思,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,25,2.1.1 审题,先阅读introduction的内容，找到两个基本要素 描写对象 & 时间 找出描写对象： 有助于加速写出引言段 找出时间：有助于确定时态,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,26,2.1.2 构思, 各类题型构思方向Line graph 曲线图：按时间顺序 Bar chart 柱状图：按时间顺序（含时间要
9、素）与其他对象比较（无时间要素） Pie chart 派图：类似柱状图 Table 表格：注意纵向、横向比较 Diagrams 图表：注意顺序承接性&被动语态 （流程图&地图）,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,27,2.2 小作文写作必备能力, 迅速确定描写对象&构思方向 迅速筛选出有用信息 迅速根据筛选出的信息组织相应的语句,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,28,2.3 小作文考点热点,数据类图表为主导 派图：占有 线图：趋势，速度 柱图：比对 表格：数据分析,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center
10、,29,2.4 小作文综合预测,关注公共邮箱,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,30,2.5 小作文注意事项, 看清属于什么题型的图表，是一幅图还是两幅或者 是以上的图； 注意不同类型图表的技巧（包括时态、语态、关键 描述词语与句型）； 划出并分析题目中的关键内容，分析图表中的关键 特征点（依据各种图表的特点来决定） 考虑结构（开头引言，描述特征，可能总结）,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,31,2.6 小作文开头段写法,同意替换,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,32,Opening 轻松写,第
11、一句之单词改写：The diagram below showschart = graph = diagram (line/curve, pie, bar)table = figures = statisticsdiagram = pictureShow= display / reveal / indicate / reflect= illustrate / demonstrate= give information about = unfold a clear picture of,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,33,Opening 轻松写,第一句之万用句型
12、：1, This bar chart displays the number of men and women enrolled in future education in Britain during three periods.2, It is immediately apparent from the diagram that in 1970 the processions in Malaysia were almost totally dominated by men.3, The percentage of various types of households struck by
13、 poverty in Australia in 1999 is indicated in the table.4, As is revealed in the diagram, the number of hours per week spent on unpaid work is unequally distributed between men and women.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,34,时间的描述,1, In + 月份、年、年代In 1980s;In the period betweenand. 2, Fromto , Between
14、and , At / by the end of, Until / before / after, About /someFrom 2008 onwards till At / by the end of this year / centuryAbout / some 200 years ago 3, For / during + 时间段, Over a year period, Throughout , When it enters, At the turn of the During the first/second half of the year;During the remainde
15、r of the year;Over a ten year period=over a decade;Throughout the 20th century;When it entered 2009;At the turn of the new century,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,35,Opening 轻松写,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,36,Opening 轻松写,Paraphrase单词替换 Demand=used / need / requirement / consumption Typical=ave
16、rage / representative / common use=consume Home=household / family,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,37,Opening 轻松写,Compound SentenceThe curve chart reveals the electricity needed in England during average days in winter and summer and the pie graph indicates how electricity is consumed in a typical
17、English household.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,38,Opening 轻松写,Passive VoiceThe need for electricity in England during average days in winter and summer and how the electricity is consumed in a typical English household are revealed in the charts.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,39,Opening 轻松写,
18、Paraphrase单词替换 proportion=percentage / share / statistics / figures Different=various Category=type / kind / group Family=household / home Families living in poverty = poor families= families (who were living) in poverty= families (who were) struck by poverty,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,40,Open
19、ing 轻松写,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,41,Opening 轻松写,1, The table gives information about the percentage of various types of households who were living in poverty in Australia in 1999.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,42,Opening 轻松写,2, The table gives a breakdown of different types of family who
20、were living in poverty in Australia in 1999.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,43,Opening 轻松写,3, The percentage of various types of households struck by poverty in Australia in 1999 is indicated in the table.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,44,Opening 课堂练习,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,45,Opening
21、 课堂练习,Travel = tour / trip / visit The UK = Britain (not England!) Most = top Popular = favorite / fashionable / stylish Country = nationUK residents to visit = UK travelers / visitors / tourists,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,46,Opening 课堂练习,The diagrams reveal visits to and from Britain and the
22、top 5 favorite nations in 1999 for UK tourists.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,47,Opening 课堂练习,Visits to and from Britain and the top 5 favorite nations in 1999 for UK tourists are revealed by / in the diagrams.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,48,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,49,Xiamen NOS IEL
23、TS Research Center,50,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,51,2.7 小作文主体段要求,数字 文字 比对 The percentage of males and females arrested during the last 5 years and causes of arrest in 2007 are revealed in the diagrams.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,52,Pizza is the most popular fast food among American teena
24、gers. Teenagers like hamburger more than pizza.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,53,From the chart, in 1979, grams per person per weeks maximum was 225, beef. The minimum was 70 ,fish. 225 grams beef were eaten by a single people on a daily basis, which is the most popular choice. On the contrary, t
25、he minimum consumption was fish, at 70 grams.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,54,2.8 小作文主体段顺序,数据类 非数据类,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,55,2.9 小作文结尾段写法,数据类加结尾 非数据类省结尾,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,56,Ending 轻松写,Ending常用套句：1, From the diagram it can be safely concluded that in the years 1978-1987
26、 Florida developed much more rapidly than the United States as a whole.2, What is worth mentioning is that nuclear power didnt make its debut until 1998.3, As a whole / In general / To sum up / In conclusion / In summary / In a nutshell, the data suggest that the increased presence of women in the p
27、aid work force has yet to lead to an increased role for men at home.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,57,Ending 轻松写,Overall the table suggests that households of single adults and those with children were more likely to be living in poverty than those consisting of couples.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research
28、 Center,58,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,59,The line chart illustrates the data about people at a London subway station from 6 am to 10pm.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,60,2.10 派图介绍,单派 双派 多派,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,61,2.11 派图的写作技巧,图中找类别 按类分段,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,62,2.12 派图
29、的重难点, 如何准确把握图中的信息 如何正确转述图中的信息 如何灵活运用词汇、短语、句型，避免用词单一、句式表达雷同 如何精炼语言，避免赘述、啰嗦，避免给评卷人套模板的印象,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,63,2.13 派图词汇基础之占据,Represent Occupy Stand for Account for,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,64,2.14 派图词汇基础之倍数,基础教材 133页,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,65,2.15 派图主语替换技巧,基础教材 16页,Xia
30、men NOS IELTS Research Center,66,2.16 派图的常用句型,“占”：account for, hold, make up, take up, constitute, comprise, represent . 百分比：percentage，proportion, share . “约”：the majority of, most of, a considerable number of, a minority of , just over, slightly more than/less than, nearly half 确切数字(1) 分数与百分比的转化：o
31、ne third, two fifths .(2) 常见表达：a quarter, a half .,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,67,整体+局部,The following two pie charts illustrate the energy use in the U.S.A. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information given in the pie charts below.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,68,Xia
32、men NOS IELTS Research Center,69,P1,The following two pie charts illustrate the energy use in the U.S.A. The two pie charts describe the data of the energy use and the residential energy use in detail in the United States.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,70,P2,It can be seen from the first pie char
33、t that the energy is used for four purposes.Specifically, industry accounts for the largest proportion(41%) of the used energy while demand of transportation makes up 26% of the total need of energy. The Residential and commercial represent 19% and 14% respectively.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,
34、71,P3,According to the second pie chart, it clearly shows that heating and air conditioning account for the largest proportion (62%) in the residential energy use while the small appliances makes up the least proportion (10%). The heating water and miscellaneous ( including cooking) constitutes 15%
35、and 13% respectively.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,72,P4,From the chart, we may have a basic understanding of the situation of energy use in the United States.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,73,ABC比较,The graphs below show the annual expenditure of university students in three countries in 2003
36、.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,74,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,75,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,76,The two graphs show the main sources of energy in the USA in the 1980s and the 1990s. .,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,77,Electric energy production in US,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,
37、78,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,79,The proportion of population in the world,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,80,3. 线图柱图及表格图解析,3.1 线图审图技巧 3.2 线图的写作技巧 3.3 线图的重难点 3.4 线图写作点展开之上升及相关词汇 3.5 线图写作点展开之下降及相关词汇 3.6 线图写作点展开之平稳及相关词汇 3.7 线图写作点展开之波动及相关词汇 3.8 线图写作点展开之极点及相关词汇 3.9 线图的常用句型,Xiamen NOS IELTS Resear
38、ch Center,81,3.10 柱图审图技巧 3.11 柱图的写作技巧 3.12 柱图的重难点 3.13 柱形图的常用单词 3.14 柱形图的常用句型 3.15 表格图审图技巧 3.16 表格图的写作技巧 3.17 表格图的重难点 3.18 表格图的常用单词 3.19 表格图的常用句型,3. 线图柱图及表格图解析,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,82,3.1 线图审图技巧,趋势描述 速度描述 极点交点起点重点的描述,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,83,3.2 线图的写作技巧,趋势描述多样化,Xiamen NOS IELT
39、S Research Center,84,3.3 线图的重难点,交点难掌控 图内对比看不出,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,85,3.4 线图写作点展开之 上升及相关词汇,Increase Climb Go up Soar Rocket Shoot up,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,86,3.5 线图写作点展开之 下降及相关词汇,Decrease Fall Drop Dip Go down,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,87,3.6 线图写作点展开之 平稳及相关词汇,Keep stabl
40、e Remain stable Unchanged,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,88,3.7 线图写作点展开之 波动及相关词汇,Vary Fluctuate,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,89,3.8 线图写作点展开之 极点及相关词汇,Peak at Bottom at Reach a plateau,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,90,3.9 线图的常用句型,3.9.1 先(上升/下降)后(下降/上升)，之后便平稳 3.9.2 对峰值和低谷的描述 3.9.3 趋势相同描述 3.9.4
41、 对未来的表述 3.9.5 对波动的描述,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,91,3.9.1 先(上升/下降)后(下降/上升)，之后便平稳,1. According to the data , the years from tosaw/witness a rise/climb/drop in the number/rate/percentage/proportion of 对象 from 数据 to 数据，which was followed by a rapid decrease/reduce/increase over the . years,Xiamen
42、NOS IELTS Research Center,92,2. The number/ratedropped/went up again fromin XXX year toin XXX year and then went up/climbed gradually until XXX year ,when there was a leveling off/leveling out at 数据 for 一段时间,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,93,1. Also it can be noticed that in XXX year ,the number/p
43、ercentage reached the bottom . However/on the contrary, XXX year saw the peak during this period. 2. 时间点 ，when the number/percentage reached (amounted to) to a peak of / a high point at 3. 时间点,when the number/percentage bottomed out (at),3.9.2 对峰值和低谷的描述,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,94,The propor
44、tion/number of 对象 in the xx and xx are similar and follow the same trend. In XX the figures were xx% and xx% respectively, rising to xx% and xx% respectively in XXX ,after dipping to xx% and xx% respectively in XXX. Thereafter .,3.9.3 趋势相同描述,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,95,3.9.4 对未来的表述,is projec
45、ted to as to is expected to as for is forecasted to is estimated to,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,96,3.9.5 对波动的描述,as can be seen from the graph, the two curves show the fluctuation of fluctuated dramatically between xx% and xx% during period.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,97,Xiamen NOS IELTS R
46、esearch Center,98,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,99,Radio and television audiences in the UK, October-December 1992,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,100,The graph below shows the differences in wheat exports over three different areas.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,101,The line graph below give
47、s information on cinema attendance in the UK.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,102,The graph shows Underground Station Passenger Numbers in London.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,103,3.10 柱图审图技巧, 关键是“比较”&“对比”找出similarity & difference既要横向总结所有柱状图的共性特征，又要分别描写 各个柱形的个性特征,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Cente
48、r,104,3.11 柱图的写作技巧, 单柱 如果是以时间为横轴的话，就写一下趋势 如果是以组为横轴，则直接写。 多柱 如果数据比较多，就取几个最大或者最小的就行， 也就是说在比较的过程中想要拿到想要的结果就要 找对比鲜明的那一对。把对比最鲜明的几个柱子描 述清楚，其他的可以一带而过。,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,105,3.12 柱图的重难点,当图中出现多于20个柱,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,106,3.13 柱形图的常用单词,线图 派图,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,107,3
49、.14 柱形图的常用句型,The bar chart illustrates that. According to the bar chart, . From the bar chart, we can see clearly that. It is clear/apparent from the chart that. The bar chart depicts (that) the bar chart leads us to the conclusion that.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,108,The graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960, 1980 and 2000.,Xiamen NOS IELTS Research Center,109,
