1、Unit 3 Life in the future1.1 Warming Up lise sight of 3. for lack of 4. in all directions5. took up his offer 6. made an adjustment to7. Flash a switch 8. very hard to tolerate五、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A (2018天津)Theres a new frontier in 3D printing thats beginning to come into focus
2、: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isnt stopping there.Food productionWith a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can d
3、o that it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather th
4、an farm to table.Sustainability(可持续性)The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute t
5、o the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food“ that lasts years on end, freeing u
6、p shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.NutritionFuture 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So ins
7、tead of eating a piece of yesterdays bread from the supermarket, youd eat something baked just for you on demand.”ChallengesDespite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can
8、use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D foo
9、d printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.1. What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?A. It helps cooks to create new dishes.B. It saves time and effort in cooking.C. It improves the cooking conditions.D. It contributes t
10、o restaurant decorations.2. What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraphs 3?A. It solves food shortages easily.B. It quickens the transportation of food.C. It needs no space for the storage of food.D. It uses renewable materials as sources of food.3. According to Paragraph 4, 3D-printed f
11、ood _.A. is more available to consumersB. can meet individual nutritional needsC. is more tasty than food in supermarketsD. can keep all the nutrition in raw materials4. What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?A. The printing process is complicated.B. 3D food pri
12、nters are too expensive.C. Food materials have to be dry.D. Some experts doubt 3D food printing.5. What could be the best title of the passage?A. 3D Food Printing: Delicious New TechnologyB. A New Way to Improve 3D Food PrintingC. The Challenges for 3D Food ProductionD. 3D Food Printing: From Farm t
13、o Table【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，对 3D 打印技术在食物上的应用取得的进步进行了介绍了，但仍面临着许多方面的挑战。2. D【解析】考查细节理解。根据 Sustainability(可持续性）部分中的“Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料).”可知，3D 打印机可以使用可再生材料作为食物来源。故选 D。3. B【解析 】
14、考查推理判断。根据 Nutrition 部分中的“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins.”食品打印可以让消费者打印定制营养的食物，从而可以推断 出 3D 打印出来的食物可以满足个人营养需求。故选B。4. C【解析 】考查细节理解。根据 Challenges 部分中的“most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and
15、 milk products may easily go bad.”可知，阻止3D 打印食物进一步广泛使用的 原因是原料必须是干的，含水多的肉和牛奶不能应用于 3D打印因为很容易坏。故选 C。5. A【解析 】考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了 3D 打印技术在食物上的应用取得了进展，但目前 仍面临着许多方面的挑战。所以用标题 3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology，故选 A。BLike millions of other houses on this planet, my house is made out of wood, glass an
16、d stone. However, it is also made out of software.If you come to visit, youll probably be surprised the minute you come in, when you will be presented with an electronic PIN (个人身份号码)to wear, which tells the house who and where you are. The house uses this information to give you whatever you need. W
17、hen its dark outside, the PIN turns on the lights nearest you, and then turns them off as you walk away from them. Music moves with you too. If the house knows your favorite music, it plays it. The music seems to be everywhere, but in fact other people in the house hear different music or no music.
18、If you get a telephone call, only the nearest telephone rings.Of course, you are also able to tell the house if you want something. There is a home control console (控制台 ), a small machine that turns things on and off around you.The PIN and the console are new ideas, but they are in fact like many th
19、ings we have today. If you want to go to a movie, you need a ticket. If I give you my car keys, you can use my car. The car works for you because you have the keys. My house works for you because you wear the PIN or hold the console.I believe that ten years from now, most new homes will have the sys
20、tems that Ive put in my house. The systems will probably be even bigger and better than the ones Ive put in today.I like to try new ideas. I know that some of my ideas will work better than others. Todays leading-edge technology will help me build tomorrows better home. But I hope that one day I wil
21、l stop thinking of these systems as new, and ask myself instead, “How will I live without them?”6. According to the passage, the author is probably a(n) .A. musician B. architectC. experienced teacher D. IT expert7. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. A home for the future.B. The function (功能) o
22、f the PIN.C. How to develop a new system.D. Easy life in the future.8. Whats the purpose when the writer wrote the fourth paragraph?A. To let readers know why his ideas are new.B. To explain more easily what the functions of the PIN and the console are.C. To explain the importance of the PIN and the
23、 console.D. To let readers know how special his house is.9. The writers new house is different from ordinary ones mainly because .A. it has your favorite music following youB. you can make a telephone call anywhereC. the writer is able to change his new idea into practiceD. it has been controlled by
24、 computers.10. What does the last sentence mean?A. The writer wont invent new things.B. The writer hopes the systems will become part of everyday life in the future.C. The writer cant live without his systems in his house.D. The writer hopes that he will be able to come up with more new ideas in the
25、 future.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普类说明文。作者以自己的家为例，介绍了一种智能操作系统，用来操控家里的一切，让生活变得特别便利，作者希望这种家在未来可以得到普及。7. A【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段内容 Like millions of other houses on this planet, my house is made out of wood, glass and stone. However, it is also made out of software.并结合全文可推断，文章介绍了一种未来的 拥有高科技功能的房子。故选 A。8. B【解析】写作目的题。本段首句 The
26、PIN and the console are new ideas, but they are in fact like many things we have today.讲述个人身份号码和控制台是一个新想法，然后举例说明，他们实际上就像我们今天有的许 多东西，例如：看电影需要电影票；开车需要车钥匙。你佩戴了个人身份号码或在控制了控制台，房 子就为你服务了。因此推断本段是为了更容易的解释个人身份号码和控制台的功能。故选 B。9. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段句子“However, it is also made out of software.”和第三句第二句“There is a ho
27、me control console (控制台), a small machine that turns things on and off around you.”可知，作者的 家与众不同之处在于它安装了有电脑控制的智能系统，是由电脑控制的。故选 D。六、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers
28、to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profitthat is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. 1 . Commonly called nonprofits，these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. 2 Business ma
29、nagement is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction，and control of the operations of a business. 3 . One is the establishment of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. 4 . The third relates to t
30、he establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管) and guidance by the management in authority. 5 .A. Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.B. Control includes the use of
31、records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.C. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.E. The second aspect relates to the application
32、 of these policies by departments.F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.【语篇解读】文章介绍了一些非营利组织，和经营管理计划的三个方面。1. D 根据后文 Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service provi
33、ders 可知：被普遍认为是非营利组织。所以，上文应该与其内容一致。D 项：然而，一些公 司只挣足够的钱来满足基本的经营费用。这说明它们不赚钱。这与后文内容相符。此处 however 也是关键词，其前讲得是盈利活动，其后是非盈利公司活动。2. A 根 据 空 格 前 面 的 内 容 讲 的 是 不 盈 利 机 构 nonprofits， 可 以 推 知 接 着 是 对 不 盈 利 机 构 进 行举 例 。 故 选 A。3. G 第二段的第一句是总述，接下来从三方面进行分述 the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the ope
34、rations of a business。按顺序先说 planning。故选 G。4. E 根据空格前后的内容可知，前面阐述了 planning，后面 the third阐述了 the control of the operations of a business（商业运作的控制）关系到所有部门的工作标准的建立（The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments），所以空格内容为 the second，用来阐述 direction 关系到部门对各项政策的实行（the applicatio
35、n of these policies by departments），故选 E。七、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Two weeks ago, we reported about developments with 1 (electricity) planes and flying cars. That technology could bring change to commercial and personal travel. Last week, two 2 (company), Kitty Hawk and Uber, announced
36、 their plans to bring flying cars to reality. Sooner 3 you think, flying cars may appear in the skies. Imagine never 4 (have) to worry about traffic, stoplights, or road construction. A flying car could get somewhere much faster than one traveling by road.Kitty Hawk is a start-up tech company suppor
37、ted by Google co-founder. Its first flying cars, 5 travel at a speed of up to 40 kilometers an hour, 6 (expect) to go on sale by the end of 2017. Uber expects to launch flying taxis in Texas and Dubai by 2020. 7 says its flying taxis could travel up to 241 kilometers an hour, with the travel time 8
38、(reduce) from 2 hours on the road to 15 minutes in the air between San Francisco and San Jose, California. Riders could use the Uber app 9 (book) a flying taxi to take them to their destinations. It is estimated that flying taxi travel will be much 10 (expensive) compared with road taxi travel.【语篇解读
39、】本文介绍了飞行汽车不再是梦想，最快可能在 2017 年底就可以上市。1. electric【解析】考查词性转换。此处应该用形容词修饰后面的名词，故填 electric。2. companies【 解析】考查名词的数。根据前面的 two 可知，此处应该用名词的复数形式，故填 companies。3. than【解析】考查连词。根据前面的 sooner 可知，这是比较级，所以填 than 表示“比” 。此处表示 “比 你想的还要快” ，故填 than。4. having【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词 imagine 后应该加动名词，故填 having。5. which【解析】考查定语从句引导词。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 flying cars指物，且在从句 中做主语，故填 which。6. are expected【解析】考查动词时态语态。本句的主语 flying cars 是复数形式，与 expect之间是被动关系， 句意为：它的首批飞行车辆被期望在 2017 年底上市。故填 are expected。7. It【解析 】考查代词。此处用代词代指前文的 Kitty Hawk 这个公司，故填 It。10. more expensive【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据下文的 compared with 可知此处表示比较，所以用比较 级，故填 more expensive。
