1、19A Unit4 Computer 知识点和练习一基础篇 （一） 核心单词1important a. 重要的 importance n. 重要性2necessary a. 必要的 need v. aux. 必须3happy a. 快乐的，幸福的 happily adv. 幸福地4planplanned ，v. 计划 plan n. 计划5hide (hid, hidden) V. 隐藏6break (broke, broken) V. 打破，违犯freeze (froze, frozen) V. 使结冰，使冷冻7calculator n. 计算器8operate v. 动手术How do y
2、ou operate this new machine ?operation n.手术9electric a. 电的 electric light 电灯 electricity n. 电 electronic adj. 电子的10weigh v. 称的重量weigh sth for sb.The watch weighs 0.45 kg.weight n. 重量11agree v. 同意 12. What does Joyce think of Sichuan food? 觉得怎么样？- How does Joyce like Sichuan food?比较： What does the th
3、ief look like? 某人长什么样？How does the thief look?13.taste n. 味道，味觉 taste v. 品尝The dish tastes good.He tasted the dish and found it was quite tasty.14. copy n. . 副本，拷贝 v. 抄写a copy of the questions ；a copy of Shanghai Students PostI copied the text twice yesterday.15.history n. 历史 historical adj. 历史的16.d
4、evelop v. 发展 development n.17.difficult a.困难的 difficulty n. 困难18.businessman n 女商人 businesswoman n. 男商人busy a. 忙的 business n. 生意business hours / letters19. possible a. 可能的 impossible a.不可能的 possibly adv. 可能地220.like v. 喜欢 dislike v. 不喜欢21.honest a. 诚实的 honesty n. 诚实 dishonest a. 不诚实的22.length n. 长度
5、long a. 长的height n. 高度 high a. 高的weight n. 重量 wide a. 宽的，宽阔的23. mouse n. 老鼠 鼠标24. knowledge n. 知识 know v. 知道， 认识25. type n.类型 v. 打字26print v. 打印 印刷27judge n. 法官 v. 判断 审判28thus adv. 如此；这样；因而29.几组反意词 fast - slow, high - low, heavy - light, flat - rough（二）词组1. plan to do sth. 计划做某事I plan to study abroa
6、d next year.(v.)2. operate on sb. 为某人开刀 3. give a computer instructions by putting a program into it.通过往计算机中输入程序来给计算机指令by doing sth 通过干。 。 。 。He decorated a Christmas tree by using a lot of coloured lights.他用很多彩灯来装饰圣诞树4.raise questions 提问, raise one hand 举手raise a pet 养宠物, raise some money 酬钱,raise
7、v. 举起 提升；提出； 提高； 及物动词 后接宾语 rise v. 上升 上涨； 增长；起立；不及物动词 ，后不接宾语比较：The river rose two feet.The sun rises in the east.He rose early to do more reading.He rose to answer the question.5. be made of wood 用制成6. lose weight 减肥 , put on weight 增肥7. agree with sb 同意某人8so that 以便He got up early so that he could
8、catch the school bus.-He got up early in order to catch the school bus.9. a number of +复数名词 很多，一些（谓复）A number of people have seen this film.10.depand on 依靠 依赖3He has grown up. So he hasnt depended on his parents any longer.他已长大了，他不再依靠父母了mon knowledge 常识It is common knowledge that the earth moves aro
9、und the sun.地球围绕太阳转是常识。12.for these reasons 由于这些原因13. the answer to the question 这个问题的答案 to 表示 “. 的”类似用法： the key to the door the solution to the problem 14. for the time being 暂时 眼下15.create new ideas 创造新思想16. have nothing to do 无所事事17. change our lives 改变我们的生活18. a human being 人类19. make a mistake
10、 犯错误20.for example 例如（用作插入语） ,后接句子：such as 例如（只加 sth 或 doing sth）后接单词或词组In many countries, Italy, for example, family life is much more important than here.People such as my sister get excited easily.21. in history 在历史上（三） 英文解释1depend on ：rely on ; need 依靠，依赖Do not depend on your dictionary all the
11、time.2for the time being ：at present; now ; 暂时 眼下 现在Ill let you keep the book for the time being, but you must return it to me next week.3for example 例如（用作插入语）： such as 例如（只加 sth 或 doing sth）In many countries, Italy, for example, family life is much more important than here.People such as my sister
12、get excited easily.4. realize : come true 实现5.over: more than 超过6. be able to : can 能够7. hardly ever: almost none 几乎不练习1 We often call computers_ brains. (electricity)2 It is _that students should attend all the lectures.(importance)3 Would you like to buy me a packet of _food? ( freeze)4 I can use
13、a word processor but I dont understand its_.( operate).5 Bananas are always sold by_.( weigh)46 He finds it _ to stop smoking.( difficulty)7 She looks _enough, you can believe her.(honesty)10. Yangzi River is about 6300 kilometers in_( long)11. Whats the _ of the mountain? (high)12. Could I have a w
14、ord with you, if you are not too_. ( business)13. Come as quickly as_(possibly).14. My mother _seeing you with me because you are dishonest.( like)15. She will _be the greatest writer in the future. ( possible)16. The sun _ in the east and _ in the west.A .riseset B. raise set C. risessets D. raises
15、sets17.She likes to play outside_ swimming in the river and climbing mountain, etc.A. for example B. so as C. such as D. so that18.In western countries, Children over 18 should depend on themselves.A. develop B. rely on C. live on D .spend 19. _visitors from home and abroad will visit Shanghai in 20
16、10 .A. A number of B. The number of C. Huge amounts of D. An amount of20.She is seriously ill, doctors are preparing for operating_ her.A. in B. for C. at D. on二提高篇 1Unhappy a. 不幸的，不快乐的2plan to do sth : be going to do sth 计划做某事3broken arm, frozen food , hidden helpers 4hardly ever : almost neverWe h
17、ardly ever get frost in Guangzhou.5 everywhere : here and there, in every partFootball is played everywhere in the world.6. be unaware of : be not knowing about 没有意识到The student was unaware of his mistake.be aware of 意识到7common knowledge : something that is known by most people 常识It is common knowle
18、dge that the Japanese eat sushi.8calculate v. 计算 calculation n. 计算，考虑9rarely : not often ; seldom 很少地People rarely eat snake in England.Peter is rarely late, is he ?rarely, never, hardly, seldom, little, few 表示否定10the answer to this question5the key to the doora visit to the factorythe ticket for th
19、e film11essential : very important , necessaryWater is essential to/for life.12hold each others hand 握手, hold ones breath 屏住呼吸hold on a minute 稍等片刻 , hold a sports meeting 举行一个校运会13hold sth v. : be filled by 容纳This room can hold 100 people.14salesman n. 男销售员 saleswoman n. 女销售员15be made in 2001， be m
20、ade in China be made from wood16dear / expensiveThe coat was $100. It seemed rather dear.Houses are very expensive in this area.dear 指价格比一般情况高，expensive 指超过购买者的能力17have a history of . Years 拥有. .年的历史I like history.18The number of. .的数量The number of the students in this school is 1200.三语法 形容词的原级、比较级和
21、最高级（1） 本课出现的形容词1.cheap _cheaper_ the cheapest, 2.fast_ faster_the fastest3. far_ farther_ farthestfar_ further_ furthestfurther 既可表示 farther 的有形距离的“较远” ， “更远” 。 也可表示“更多的” ， “另一些” ，“进一步的”等4. bad / ill - worse worst5.tasty - tastier - the tastiest6. beautiful _more beautiful _the most beautiful（2）考查重点
22、中考试题对形容词的考查涉及形容词原级，比较级和最高级的各种句型、形容词作定语的位置、易混淆的形容词用法辨析等。其中，形容词比较等级句型、形容词修饰不定代词something，anything，everything ，nothing 时的位置，易混淆的形容词用法辨析等是考查的热点。一、形容词的一般用法61.作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。例如，Its a cold and windy day.2.作表语，放在系动词的后面。例如，He looks happy today.3.形容词修饰 something，anything，nothing，everything 等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。例如，
23、Would you like something hot to drink？4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。例如，How long is the river？ Its about two hundred metres long.5.只能作表语的形容词：afraid 害怕；alone 独自的；asleep 睡着的；awake 醒着的；alive 活着的；well 健康的；ill 病的；frightened 害怕的例如，The man is ill.（正）The ill man is my uncle.（误）6.貌似副词的形容词：lonely 独自的；friendly
24、友好的；lively 生动的；lovely 可爱的二、形容词常用句型1.“Its +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么样” 。注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词， kind（友善的） ，nice（友好的）， clever（聪明的） ，foolish（愚蠢的）等例如，Its very kind of you to help me.（=You are very kind to help me.）Its very rude of her to say such words.（=She is very rude to say such words. ）Its fo
25、olish of him to go alone.（=He is foolish to go alone.）2.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样” 。注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有 important（重要的） ，necessary（必要的） ，difficult（困难的） ，easy （容易的） ，hard（艰难的） ，dangerous （危险的） ，safe （安全的） ，useful（有益的） ，pleasant（舒适的） ， interesting（有趣的） ，impossible（不可能的）等。例如，Its not easy for them
26、 to learn a foreign language.（ =To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.）Its very important for students to listen to teachers carefully.（=To listen to teachers carefully is very important for students.）Its necessary for us to get to school on time.（=To get to school on time is necessary fo
27、r us.）三形容词的比较级、最高级 （一）规则变化1.一般在词尾直接加 er 或 est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest2.以不发音的字母 e 结尾的单词在词尾直接加 r 或 st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的词，把 y 变为 i，再加 er 或 est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加 er 或 est，例如，big-bigger-biggest5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加 more 构成比较级和 most 构
28、成最高级，例如， 7beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful（二）不规则变化（见考纲）一、原级的用法1.只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so ，too例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。My brother runs so fast that I cant follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。2.原级常用的句型结构（1） “甲+be+ +as+形容词原级+as+ 乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同 ”例如，Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆 凯特年龄一样大。（2） “甲+
29、be+ not+ as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙例如，This room is not as/so big as that one. 这个房间不如那个大。二、比较级的用法1. 可以修饰比较级的词，much，a lot，far ，的多 a little，a bit，一点儿even 甚至，still 仍然例如，Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。This train runs much faster than that on
30、e.这辆火车比那辆跑地快。She drives still more carefully than her husband.她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真。但注意 many more 和 much more 的区别, many more 后接可数名词,而 much more 后 接不可数名词2.比较级常用的句型结构（1） “甲+be+ 形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”或“甲比乙几倍”例如，Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。（2） “甲+be+ 形容词比较级+than +any other+单数名词（+介词短语） ”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都” ，含义是
31、 “甲最” 。例如，The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河流。注意：The Yangtz
32、e River is longer than any river in Japan.长江比日本的任何一条河都长。(3)“比较级+and+比较级”表示 “越来越” 。例如，He is getting taller and taller.他变得越来越高了。The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作业越来越认真了。(4)“the+比较级， the+比较级”表示“越，越” 。例如，The more careful you are，the fewer mi
33、stakes youll make.你越认真，犯的错误8越少。(6)“特殊疑问词+be+ 形容词比较级，甲 or 乙？”例如，Which is bigger ，the earth or the moon？哪一个大，地球还是月球？“特殊疑问词+实意动词+副词比较级，甲 or 乙？”例如，Who draws better，Jenny or Danny？谁画得比较好，詹妮还是丹尼？3.最高级常用句型结构(5)“主语+be+ the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of 短语” 表示“是中最的” 。例如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the studen
34、ts.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。This apple is the biggest of the five.这个苹果是五个当中最大的。“主语+实意动词+(the)+副词最高级+单数名词+in/of 短语”表示“是中最的” 。例如，I jump (the) farthest in my class.我是我们班跳得最远的。(6)“主语+be+ one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of 短语”表示“是中最之一” 。例如，Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中国最大城市之一。(7)“特殊疑问词+be+ the+最高
35、级+甲，乙，or 丙？”用于三者以上的比较。例如，Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？“特殊疑问词+be+ the+副词最高级 +甲，乙，or 丙？”用于三者以上的比较例如，Which season do you like (the) best，spring，summer or autumn？你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天？形容词练习1 I have _to do today.A. anything important B. something importantC. import
36、ant nothing D. important something2 Is chemistry more difficult than physics？No，chemistry isnt as _as physics.A .easy B. difficult C. easier D. more difficult3.Beijing is becoming_ _ and_.A. more beautiful，more B. beautiful，beautifulC. more，more beautiful D .more beautiful， more beautiful4._ childre
37、n there are in a family，_their life will be.A. The less，the better B. The fewer，the betterC .Fewer，richer D. More，poorer5.The experiment was _ easier than we had expected.A. more B .much more C. much D. more much96 Oct 15th was one of _ days in 2003.The Shenzhou-V was sent up successfully.A. excitin
38、g B. more exciting C .the most exciting D .much exciting7.I feel even_ now.A. bad B. well C. worse D. worst8He is taller than_ in his class.A any boy B. any C .any other boy D. some other boys9. The car is running _.It seems to be flying.A. more and faster B. more and fast C. fast and fast D. faster
39、 and faster10.English is as _ as Chinese. You should learn it well.A. important B. more importantC. the most important D. much more important11. Music is not so useful as science. Its _ useful than science.A. fewer B. less C more D .a lot12.You must wear glasses. They can keep your eyes_.A. soft B.
40、safe C. safely D. safety13.He is _ enough to carry the heavy box.A. stronger B. much stronger C. strong D. the strongest14.The box is _ heavy for the girl_ carry.A. too，to B. to，too C. so，that D. no，to15.Do you have _ to tell us？A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything16.Do
41、you think the fish tastes_？She cooked it_，I think.A good，good B well，good C well，well D good，wellI. Choice1. Is chemistry more difficult than physics？No，chemistry isnt as _as physics.A .easy B. difficult C. easier D. more difficult2.Beijing is becoming_ _ and_.A. more beautiful，more B. beautiful，bea
42、utifulC. more，more beautiful D .more beautiful，more beautiful3._ children there are in a family，_their life will be.A. The less，the better B. The fewer，the betterC .Fewer，richer D. More，poorer4.The experiment was _ easier than we had expected.A. more B .much more C. much D. more much5.I feel even_ n
43、ow.10A. bad B. well C. worse D. worst6. The car is running _.It seems to be flying.A. more and faster B. more and fastC. fast and fast D. faster and faster7.English is as _ as Chinese. You should learn it well.A. important B. more importantC. the most important D. much more important8. Music is not
44、so useful as science. Its _ useful than science.A. fewer B. less C more D .a lot9.He is _ enough to carry the heavy box. A. stronger B. much stronger C. strong D. the strongest10.The box is _ heavy for the girl_ carry.A. too，to B. to，too C. so，that D. no，to11.Do you think the fish tastes_？She cooked it_，I think.A good，good B well，good C well，well D good，wellII.Translation1. Mary 和 Kate 的年龄一样大。2. 这个房间不如那个大。3. 第一课比第二课容易得多。4. 汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。5. 这个街道比那个宽。
