1、2014-2015 学年高中英语同步全程训练题（ 3）及答案：Unit4（人教新课标必修 3）主语从句概念引入That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。Whether she is coming or not doesnt matter too much. 她来不来都无关紧要。What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这事。When the plane is to take off has not been announced .飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。语法讲解什么是主语从句？【高清课堂：3
2、67100 名词性从句（一） 主语从句】在复合句中由一个句子作主句的主语的从句叫主语从句。What matters is not winning but participating.I dont know why he is always finding fault with me.My hometown is no longer what it used to be ten years ago. He expressed his hope that he would come to Chengdu again. 其中划横线的部分就是名词性从句。 主语从句 引导词：1. 由 what 等代词引
3、导的从句 ,表示“ 所 的( 东西)”，实际上等于一个先行词加上一个定语从句，也可以由-ever 等代词引导。 比如:What they are talking about is nothing valuable. What I really want is to have a good rest. Whatever she did is wrong.比较：Whatever she did, she is wrong. Whoever passes the exam can get 50 yuan.比较：Whoever passes the exam, I will give him 50 y
4、uan.比较：Who passes the exam is still not clear. 2. 由 that 引导的主语从句 ,通常用形式主语 it 来代替。 That he has disappeared worries his parents.It worries his parents that he has disappeared. It is not likely that he can win the lottery. It is a big surprise that he is still alive.3. 由连接代词、连接副词或 whether 引导的从句。 When s
5、he will be back is still a question. Where they had put the files troubled the spy. Whether he will take part in the play is unclear. Whether or not he will go to Japan is up to her. 在下面 5 种情况下，只能用 whether 表示“是否” ： 1) Whether he will come here still needs to talk about.It is not clear whether he wil
6、l come here.2) I am not sure whether or not he will come here next week.Nobody knows whether the singer will come out or not.引导主语从句的连接词有三类：(1) 连词 that、whether :(从属连词）在从句中不作任何成分 Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference.Whether hell come here isnt clear. That price will go up is certain.W
7、hether we can go to picnic tomorrow is still a question. That the wounded soldier is still alive is a wonder. That Mr. Zhou will come is certain. Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful. (2) 连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 等.连接代词在从句中充当主语，宾语, 表语或定语，不能省略。
8、What she did is not yet known.Who will write the poem has not been decided yet.Whatever he did is right.Whoever breaks the rule should be punished. Who will go makes no difference. Whom she loves is clear enough . 她爱的是谁已经够清楚了。Whose wallet was stolen must be made clear.谁的钱包被偷了必须被搞清楚。（3) 连接副词 when, wh
9、ere, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 等。它们在句中充当状语，不能省略。此类主语从句也可以用带有形式主语 it 的句子转换。How this happened is not clear to anyone. When he will be back depends on the weather.How the pyramids were built is still a mystery.主语从句后置: 为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用 it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语 .例:that we shall be late is c
10、ertain.- Its certain that we shall be late. 1. That the earth is round is known to all. 2. That you missed the chance is a pity. 用 it 作形式主语的结构A. It+系动词+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, unlikely, certain, probable, necessary, right, wrong, important, c
11、ertain, clear, strange，etc.)+that 从句。如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. B. It +系动词+名词词组+that 从句(no wonder, no wonder, an honor , a good thing, a pity, no surprise, a shame, good news, a fact ,etc.)+that 从句。如：Its no wonder that you have achieved so much success. 真可惜你没出席昨天的讲座。Its a pit
12、y that you didnt attend the lecture yesterdayC. It +be+过去分词 (said, told, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, heard, suggested，etc.)+that 从句。翻译成：据(说/报道/认为/预测/ 决定/通知/ 安排/听说/ 建议 ） 如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. It +特殊不及物动词+that 从句D . It+（seems/- ed , appears/
13、-ed, happens/-ed, ）+that It seems that you are against (反对) the plan. 你似乎反对这个计划。It happened to me that I had been away when you called.E. It + doesnt matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如： It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. 注：在主语从句中用来表示 “惊奇，不相信，惋惜，理应如此， 要求，建议”等语时，谓语动词用 “s
14、hould+ do” its necessary /important / strange /natural/+that sb. should do sth. It is a pity ( a shame, no wonder, etc.) that 。 。 。It is suggested (requested, proposed 提议， desired 请求 ) that sb. should do sth. 学生上课认真听讲是很重要的。It is important that the students should listen carefully in class.主语从句是英语写作中
15、经常使用的句型，它常常借助于形式主语 it， 请用 it 改写以下句子：1. That the earth goes around the sun is known to us all. It is known to us all that the earth goes around the sun.2. That he knows nothing about it is strange.It is strange that he knows nothing about it.3. When flood stuck the western areas wasnt reported. It wa
16、snt reported when flood stuck the western areas. 4. Whether he can come or not depends on his parents.It depends on his parents whether he can come or not.5. That he didnt attend the meeting surprised us.It surprised us that the he didnt attend the meeting.6. Whether Class Five can defeat (战胜 ) Clas
17、s Four isnt known yet. It isnt known yet whether Class Five can defeat (战胜 ) Class Four. 4. 主语从句需注意的问题1.“if” 不能引导主语从句，应由 “whether”引导。2.主语从句中用陈述语序3.主语从句的 “that” 一般不能省。4.“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：1）常与其后的名词作表语一致 2）根据句子的语境而定。1. What you left are only several old books.2. What you said is of great importance. 3
18、. Whether hell come here is not clear. 4. if /whether 引导的主语从句5. 表示 “是否”意义时 whether 引导的主语从句可以放于句首、句末，if 引导的主语从句不能位于句首；但如果有形式主语 it 引导时，两者都可用。6. Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.7. Its doubtful whether /if the work can be completed on time. 8. 5.Wh 类连接副词或连接代词引导的主语从句可放于句首，也可放句尾。9. W
19、hen the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear.It has not been made clear when the new road is open to traffic.wh-ever 引导的让步状语从句及名词性从句 比较下列句子：He believes whatever his wife says.( whatever= anything that 名词性从句)He believes his wife whatever she says.(whatever= no matter what 让步状语从句)Whoever breaks the school rules should be punished. ( whoever= anyone who 名词性从句 )Whoever breaks the school rules，he will be punished.( whoever= no matter who 让步状从 )
