1、互动课堂疏导引导一、词汇详解1.achieve v.完成；达到；得到【典型例句】By working hard we can achieve anything.只要我们努力工作，任何事情都能成功。We have achieved success in the project.这个项目我们已经取得了成功。He hopes to achieve all his aims soon.他希望尽快达到他所有的目标。These plants achieved a 10 percent increase over 2004 last year.去年这些钢铁厂比 2004 年增产 10%。We have ac
2、hieved a lot in the exam.在这次考试中我们收获很多。【相关链接】achievement n. 成绩；成就achievable adj.可完成的；可达到的2.condition n.状况；状态（pl.）环境；条件【典型例句】The condition of my health prevents me from working.我的健康状况不允许我工作。You can keep the book for long on condition that you protect it well.只要你把书保存好，你就可以长时间借这本书。Ability and effort are
3、 conditions of success.能力和努力是成功的条件。The miners there worked in dreadful conditions.那里的矿工们在极其恶劣的环境中工作。Whats the patients condition?病人的情况如何?【相关链接】be in（out of ） condition 健康状况好（不好）on condition that 条件是；如果on no condition 决不；一点也不on this condition 在这个条件下 make it a condition that.以为条件3.concern v. 就而言with r
4、espect to 关于一事show/have respect for 尊敬某人gain broad respect 受到广泛尊敬8.argue v.争论；争辩；说服【典型例句】He argued against the plan.他据理反对这个计划。We argued the matter over for hours.我们为这事辩论了几小时。Columbus argued that the world was round.哥伦布认为地球是圆形的。We argued her out of going on such a dangerous journey.我们说服她不要去作这样危险的旅行。W
5、e argued him into the adoption of the plan.我们说服他采纳这项计划。【知识小结】argue for/against 为赞成/反对而辩论argue with sb.on/about/over sth.与某人争论某事argue sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事 argue sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事argue that 辩论说argument n.争辩an argument for/against 赞成/反对的理由9.support v.支持；养活；证实；支撑【典型例句】The old man entered
6、 the room supported by his grandson.老人由孙子扶着进了房间。They supported the Democratic Party.他们支持民主党。He has a large family to support.他要养活一大家人。Can you give some examples to support your argument?你能举几个例子来证实你的论点吗?I promised to support him with 3000 yuan.我答应赞助他 3000 元。【相关链接】in support of 为了支持give support to sb.
7、给某人支持support oneself 自力更生10.strike v.解救；解脱；释放 【典型例句】He delivered an important report at the meeting.他在会上作了重要报告。Education delivered him from ignorance.教育把他从无知中解救出来。She delivered twins in the evening.晚上她生了一对双胞胎。Would you deliver my message to your mother?你可以帮我传个口信给你母亲吗？【知识小结】deliver sb.from.救某人脱离【相关链接
8、】delivery n.投递；交付14.mean v. （词语等）表示 的意思；意指；打算；意味着；指定【典型例句】What does the phrase mean?这短语是什么意思?By “the cities” I mean the big cities in particular.我所说的“城市” 主要是指大城市。Do you mean to go without money?你想身无分文就走吗?To a certain extent,to raise wages means increasing purchasing power.在一定程度上,提高工资意味着增加购买力。The hou
9、se is meant for you.这房子是准备给你的。【知识小结】（1） （言词等）表示的意思+（that ） （2）意指；意谓+（that） +wh-（3）意欲；意图；打算+to-v. O1 O2（4）意味着;有的意义 +（that） +v.-ing （+to） （5）指定;预定（+for） +to-v. 【相关链接】means n.方法；方式（单复数形式相同）meaning n.意义；意思by no means 决不 by any means 无论如何by means of 借助于手段by all means 当然可以；一定15.work out 解决；确定；产生结果；发展；成功；计
10、算；（被）算出；想出；制订出；产生出；消耗完【典型例句】Can you work out on the map where we are now?你能在地图上找到我们现在所在的位置吗?He never seems to be worked out.他好像永远都不知道疲倦似的。I worked the maths problem out at last although it was difficult.尽管这道数学题很难，我最后还是做出来了。They worked out a plan.他们制定出一个计划。The result worked out well.结果证明是好的。16.care f
11、or 喜欢；关心；照顾；愿意【典型例句】Would you care for a drink?你想来点喝的吗?Who will care for the house while the family is away?全家人都不在时,由谁照料这间房子呢?He doesnt care for what he eats.他对吃的东西并不计较。He cares for walking.他喜欢散步。17.discover v.发现；发觉；了解到【典型例句】Scientists around the world are working to discover a cure of AIDS.全世界的科学家都
12、在努力地寻找方法治疗艾滋病。e discovered this beach while sailing around the island.我们围绕这个海岛航行时，发现了这个海滩。 have just discovered hang gliding.我刚知道悬挂式滑翔运动。ho discovered the good place?谁发现了这个好地方？【知识小结】（1）discover sth.（2）discover+clause（3）discover+n.+adj.（4）discover+n.+doing【相关链接】discover 指“发现（客观事物的存在） ”；find 指“偶然发现；碰到
13、 ”，后接名词、复合结构或 that 从句；invent“发明”，指原来没有的东西被发明出来。二、句型剖析1.be of+名词【典型例句】Sports and games can be of great value.体育运动是很有用的。They are of great help to learners of English.他们对学习英语的人来讲帮助很大。The two girls are of the same age.这两个女孩年龄一样大。You will find the book of great value.你会发现这本书很有价值。What you said was of no u
14、se.你说的没用。【知识小结】be+of+抽象名词等于 be+very+（和这些名词意思相当的）形容词。2.spend.on/（in ） doing sth.【典型例句】I spent $100 on the bike.我花了 100 美元买下那辆自行车。They spent three months touring Europe.他们花了三个月时间周游欧洲。He spent all his savings on a new house.他把所有的积蓄用来买了一幢新房子。My cousin will spend the weekend with us.我表兄要和我一起度周末。He spent
15、all his whole life looking after the poor.他一生都在照顾穷人。【知识小结】（1）spend money on sth. 花钱在上（2）spend.in doing sth.花（时间等）在上【相关链接】spend 的主语是人，不是物；pay 的主语也是人；cost 和 take 的主语是物，不是人。3.intend 的用法【典型例句】His mother intends him to become an engineer.他妈妈打算让他成为一名工程师。I do not intend to stay long.我不打算久留。Do you intend to
16、 seeing your teacher?你打算去看望你老师吗？The present was intended for you,but he took it away.这礼物是给你的，可是他拿走了。The meeting is intended to deal with some important problems.开会的目的是想处理一些重要问题。【知识小结】intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事be intended for.为而准备be intended to do/doing sth.打算干某事be intended as.目的是作为4.It seems that.
17、好像；似乎【典型例句】It seems that someone is knocking on the door.我好像听到有人在敲门。It seems to me that it will rain tonight.我看今晚要下雨。She seems very happy with the new job.她对新工作好像很满意。【相关链接】seem to do 好像要_It seems as if.好像There seems to be.好像有5.It is.that/who.强调句型【典型例句】It was Jack who helped me settle the problem.是杰克
18、帮我解决这个问题的。It was in this shop that I bought this dress.我是在这家商店里买的这件衣服。It was at 8 that we arrived home.我们昨天是 8 点到家的。【知识小结】强调句的结构为：It is/was+被强调部分that/who+句子剩余部分。强调人用 who/that,强调物用 that。 5.It is.that/who.强调句型【典型例句】It was Jack who helped me settle the problem.是杰克帮我解决这个问题的。It was in this shop that I bo
19、ught this dress.我是在这家商店里买的这件衣服。It was at 8 that we arrived home.我们昨天是 8 点到家的。【知识小结】强调句的结构为:It is/was+被强调部分that/who+句子剩余部分。强调人用 who/that,强调物用 that。 三、难句透视1.Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.（P2 Paragraph 1）我们当天的任务就是观察黑猩猩如何醒来。【剖析】本句是动名词词组“watching a family of chimps
20、wake up”作主语。又如:Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 【归纳】（1）动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。（2）动名词有时有自己的逻辑主语。如:Would you mind my coming late?我来晚了，你介意吗？2.It struck me like lightning how difficult it must have been for a woman to get a medical training so long ago when womens education was always placed second to mens.这个想法闪电般地
21、划过我的脑海，在那久远的年代，当妇女的教育总是低于男性的时候，一个女子去学医一定是相当困难的。 （P6 Paragraph 3）【剖析】（1）struck 为 strike 的过去式,意为“ 某种想法突然出现” 。又如:An idea struck me.我突然有了一个想法。It struck me that I have to pick up my mother.我突然想起我得去接妈妈。（2）must have done 是对过去推测，用于肯定句,在疑问句和否定句中用 can/could have done。如:He can not have done that kind of things
22、.他不可能做那种事。3.Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work?（P6 Paragraph 4）为什么不像林巧稚那样去医学院,继续事业呢?【剖析】“why not do.”表示提出建议， “为什么不干呢?” and 连接两个动词原形 study 和 carry。Why not do.？ =Why dont you do.？Why do sth.？=Why do you do.？“为什么要干？” ，表示谴责。（2）carry on “继续；继续下去”，后接 with+n.或 doin
23、g；如:He carried on with/doing his work.他继续做他的工作。carry out 实施；执行carry off 运走；带走carry forward 进展carry through 达到；渡过难关四、语法详解主谓一致一般说来，谓语动词必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致，即主谓一致。主谓一致涉及三个方面:语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。1.语法一致（1）不可数名词、动名词、不定式或从句作主语，谓语动词动词常用单数。（2）and 连接主语时，注意以下几点:由 and 或 both.and.连接两个单数名词，谓语动词用复数；但由 and 连接的两个词如果指同一人、同一物、同一事或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。凡由 each.and each.，every.and every.,no.and no.,many a.and many a.连接名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。凡由 and 连接两个带 the（a 或物主代词）的单数可数名词时，谓语动词用复数。如
