1、九年级英语专题复习名词导学案了解名词的含义和分类及用法 名词的概念：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：door, apple, China, air等。名词分为：_名词和_名词两大类。普通名词又分为_名词和_名词 两种。考点一：不可数名词1、不可数名词 包括物质名词和抽象名词，它们不能直接和表示数字的词或不定冠词连用，也没有_形式。常考的不可数名词有：news（新闻）, information（信息）, 建议_, 天气_, 家庭作业_, 时间_, 钱_, 纸_，音乐_ 等。2、不可数名词 可以借助_来表示一定的数量。但也可以用 much（许多）, some/any（一些）, a litt
2、le(一点点),little(几乎没有) plenty of（很多） , a lot of(=lots of)（许 多）等修饰不可数名词。如：一则新闻：a piece of news ; 两瓶水： two bottles of water ; 四条建议_ ; 六张纸_ ；你能借给我一些钱吗 ？Could you lend me_?【中考真题再现】( ) 1. All the _ are made of _ , not plastics.A. glass; glass B. glasses, glass C. glasses , glasses D. glass, glasses( ) 2. J
3、enny gave us _ on how to improve English.A. some advices B. many advices C. some advice D. an advice考点二：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律1、一般直接加 -s: 比如： girl-_ map-_2、以-s, -x, -sh, -ch 结尾的单词常在词尾加 es: 比如：bus _ brush-_3、以辅 音字母 +y 结尾变 y 为 i，再加 es: 比如： story-_ baby-_4、以-o 结尾的名词变复数常有下列 2 种变化：【口诀：黑人和英雄正在吃士豆和西红柿。】说明：Negro(黑
4、人)， hero(英雄),potato( 土豆) ，tomato(西红柿)，这四个名词变复数时，在词尾加-es。其它以 o 结 尾的名词一般加 -s,radio_ zoo_ kangaroo_(袋鼠) photo_(照片) kilo_(千克)5、以“f”和“fe”结尾，一般改 f 或 fe 为 v,再+es【口决：树叶多半自己黄，妻子拿刀去割粮。架后窜出一只狼，就像盗贼逃命忙。】说明：leaf(树叶) ，half(半)，self(自己)， wife(妻子 )，knife(刀子)，shelf(架子)，wolf(狼) ，thief(盗贼)， life(生命) 这九个名词变复数时都要变 f 或 fe
5、 为 v, 再加-es。比如: leaf_ half _ myself_ wife_ knife_特殊： roof- roofs(屋顶) reef -reefs(暗礁) chiefchiefs(首领)6、【可数名 词变 复数名词的不规则变化】1)改变单数名词中的元音字母或其它形式。foot_ (脚) tooth-_ (牙齿) goose_ (鹅) woman -_ (女人) man -_ (男人) child -_ (孩子) mouse -_ (老鼠) 与 man 和 woman 构成的合成词，两部分都要 变成复数形式。e.g.: woman doctor -women doctors（女医生
6、） man drivermen drivers (男司机)2)巧记某国人单复数常有下列三种变化。Chinese (中国人)- _ Japanese(日本人) -_ 将 man 变为 men Englishman-_ Frenchman-_其余全在后面加 s German-_ American-_Indian_Canadian-_Australian-_【口诀：中日友好是一致，英法联盟 a 变 e, 余国词尾添 s。】【中考真题再现】( ) 1. They are from _ . Theyre _.A. Germany; Germans B. Germans ; Germany C. Germ
7、an; Germany D. Germany; Germen( ) 2. -Could you take _ for these_? - They are very beautiful.A. any photos; tomatoes B. some photos ; tomatoes C. some photos; tomatos D. any photo; tomatoes( ) 3. How many _ are there in the international village?A. Chinese B. Russian C. American D. Germen3)有些名词只有复数形
8、式。_ (人们) _ (裤子) _ (衣服) _ (长裤) _ (短裤)_ (眼镜) _ (袜子) _ (鞋子) scissors(剪刀)7、有些名词虽 然以 s 结尾却表示单数。如：_ (消息，新闻 ) _（草） _ (政治) _ (物理) 8、即可做可数名 词也可做不可数名词： room“房间”，可数 There are five rooms here.“空间” ，不可数 Can you make room for the old woman? chicken“小鸡”，可数 I think chickens can swim.“鸡肉” ，不可数 Help yourself to some
9、chicken. orange“橘子”，可数 There are a few oranges on the tree.“橘子汁” ，不可数 Would you like another bottle of orange? experience “经历” ，可数 It is a wonderful experience to travel to Beijing.“经验” ，不可数 He has much experience after working so many years. hair“几根头发”，可数 My mother has some white hairs.“指整个头发” ，不可数
10、 Kates hair is long. work“作品”，可数 The works of Luxun(鲁迅)are very popular.“工作” ，不可数 I have a lot of work to do today. exercise“练习”，可数 Doing morning exercises is good for your health.“锻炼” ，不可数 You must take enough exercise. time“次数”，可数 We have meals three times a day.“时间” ，不可数 Lets hurry! Theres little
11、 time left. glass“ 玻璃杯” ，可数 There are two glasses of milk on the table.“玻璃” ，不可数 Glass can be made into bottles paper“报纸, 试卷” ，可数 Please help me hand out the papers“纸张” ，不可数 Please give me a piece of paper.01. 【2013 湖南娄底 】29. What can I do for you?Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and_. A. som
12、e chickens B. any chickens C. some chicken02. Would you like some _? -Yes, please. Im a little thirsty. A. bread B. meat C. beef D. orange03. If you dont take more _, youll get fat. A. medicine B. exercise C. lessons04. Could you move over a little and make some _ for me? -Sure, please. A. place B.
13、seat C. room D. ground05. He had something to write down and asked me for _.A. a paper B. some papers C. some pieces of papers D. a piece of paper06. I have _ to do this evening. A. a lot of works B. many work C. a lot of work D. some works07. Youd better do morning _ every day. Its good to do lots
14、of _.A. exercise, exercise B. exercises, exercise C. exercise, exercises D. exercises, exercises08. Do you like _? -No. I prefer rose, the color of your dress. A. orange B. oranges C. carrot D. carrots9. 名词做定语 作定语的名词用单数（man 和 woman 除外）1. 1）一棵香蕉树 五棵香蕉树 一位男教师 七位男教师 2）（2010 攀枝花）Its said that more than
15、100 will attend this meeting in Shanghai.A man teachers B woman teachers C men teachers D womans teachers2. a shoe shop 一家鞋店 a bike factory 一家自行车工厂01. 【2014 黔西南州】_ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _ teachers. A. A number of; women B. A number of; woman C. The numb
16、er of; women D. The number of; woman02. 【2013 广西贺州】 What kind of porridge would you like, Alice?I would like _.A. egg porridge B. eggs porridge C. fish porridges D. fishes porridge03. There are three _ assistants in that _ shop.A. women, shoe B. woman, shoe C. woman, shoes D. women, shoes04. The mus
17、ic made me think of the _ of a running stream（溪流）. A. shout B. noise C. voice D. sound05. 【2014 甘肃白银】The boy didnt sleep well last night because of the _ from the factory.A. voice B. noise C. music D. song06. How well she sings! -Yes, she has a very sweet _. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. mouth07. Lo
18、ud noise may cause hearing _ for a short time or even for ever. A. results B. questions C. accidents D. problems08. 【2013 山东泰安】23. The food safety is a serious_ in our country. We should try to solve it. A. subject B. program C. problem D. opinion10“数词+名词单数” “数词+名词单数+形容词”构成复合形容词，做前置定语“数词+名词单数”做前置定语相
19、当于时间名词的所有格形式三天的假期 1 2 六个月的英语课程 1 2 “数词+名词+形容词”1 一个 8/18/80/11 岁的人 2 一篇 800 词的作文 3.一座 30 米宽的桥 4.一栋 40 米高的楼房 11.专有名词 专有名词大致五类，人名、地名、时间名、报刊名、单位团体名。比尔.盖茨 海南 一周七天 ;十二个月 中国日报 九年级一班 考点三：名词所有格1)名词所有格用来表示名词和名词之间的所属关系 。意为：“的”名词所有格有几种形式： 名词+s ， 名词 s ，名词+of+名词A)表示有生命的东西的名词所有格，一般在名 词的 词尾加“ s ”，(1)如果词尾不是以 s 结尾，要加
20、 “ ”这男孩的母亲 the _ mother 儿童节 _(2)如果词尾是以 s 结尾，只加 “ ”e.g.: 双胞胎的房间 the _ bedroom 教师节-_(3)表示时间、距离、国家、地点和自然现象等无生命名 词的所有格也用“-s ”的形式。todays paper 今天的报纸 two hours rest 两个小时的休息 Its about _ from school to her home every day. 每天从学校到她家需要十分钟的走路路程。(4)表示商铺、某人的家、 诊所、或餐馆等的名词所有格，其后名词可以省略。e.g.: at my uncles 在我叔叔的家里 at
21、the doctors 在医生的诊所里(5)表示一件东西为多人共有，只需在最后一个人的名字后加 s ;若表示各自所有，则需在每个名字后都加 s ;e.g.: Alan and Bains computer (共同所有) _ very beautiful. (be) Alans and Bains computers(各自所有） _ very beautiful.(be) (6)表示某一事物与一个群体的所属关系，应用表这一群体的名词的复数形式。e.g.: a womens hat-womens hats 女士帽 a childrens doctorchildrens doctors 儿科医生 _
22、 女子学校 _男子俱乐部 _ 运动会B)表示无生命东西的名词所有格，一般以 “of + 名词”的结构来表示。e.g.: (A) 教室的窗户_ (B) _ was broken. 房门坏了。C)双重所有格结构 即s 结构和 of 结构相结合。a, an, some, any, no, another, several, this, these, that, those +名词of +名词性物主代词/+名词的s 所有格 比如：我的一个朋友： a friend of mine（a+名词+of+ 名词 性物主代词 ）布朗太太的一辆车： a car of Mrs. Browns（a+名词+of+ 名词的
23、s 所有格）D）有些名词用 to 来表示所有格。1)the key to the room 房间的钥匙 2)the answers to the following questions 下面问题的答案3) the way to the school 去学校的路 4）entrance to the theatre 戏院的入口5) a witness to an accident 事故的目击者 6) a ticket to the match 比赛的票【中考真题再现】( ) 1、The _ was too much for the child to carry.A. boxs steel B. b
24、ox of a steel C. steel box D. box of the steel ( ) 2、_ are big and bright.A. The classroom window B. The window of the classroomC. The windows of the classroom D. The classrooms windows( )3.（2010 河北）I dont think looking after children is just work.A woman B womans C women D womens1. 中考怎么考？22. Its a
25、wise _ to wear the white tie. It matches your shirt well. A. agreement B. support C. choice D. condition 65.Whats your favorite season?I like best. Its a good time to have a swim in hot weather. 69. How many (visit) come to Jingzhou every year?More than one million, I think. 25. Did your mother do a
26、nything special on your birthday?Yes. She made me a cake in the _ of a heart. A. height B. shape C. style D. number2. 中考考什么？3. 常见的可数名词：noodles 面条 / vegetables 蔬菜/ 常见的不可数名词：面包 金钱 娱乐建议 天气 新闻，消息音乐 信息 家庭作业 药物bread money fun advice weather news music information homework medicine米饭 帮助 知识 设备 家具rice help k
27、nowledge equipment furniture01. 【2014 菏泽】My teacher gave me much _ on how to study English well when I had some trouble. A. advice B. question C. suggestion D. problem02. 【2014 扬州】What a good _youve given me! Thanks a lot. My pleasure.A. information B. news C. suggestion D. advice03. 【2014 黔西南州】Coul
28、d you please get me some _? Im hungry. A. apple B. water C. bread D. egg 04. 【2014 广州】Yesterday for dinner I had a piece of beef, vegetables and _.A. some rice B. a few rice C. a little rices D. a rice05. 【2013 甘肃白银】51. Just search the internet, you can get almost all the _ you need.A. informations
29、B. information C. picture D. story06. There is good _ for you. Ive found your lost watch. A. news B. ideas C. messages D. thoughts07. Swimming is _ in summer. A. a great fun B. great fun C. great funs D. great a fun08. What do you have for breakfast? -I often have _ or _.A. breads , noodles B. bread
30、, noodles C. breads, noodle D. bread, noodle09. 【2013 湖北随州】26. Mum, I am hungry. May I have some _?Of course. But dont eat too much. A. bread B. noodle C. dumpling D. Hamburger4. 名词用法比较不可数名词 可数名词单数 复数量词短语a bottle of watertwo bottles of watersome kilos of meata bag of applesa pair of shoestwo kilos o
31、f pearsmany “许多”，后只接复数 many booksmuch “许多”，后只接不可数 much meata lot of = lots of “许多”后接复数和不可数都可以a lot of meat a lot of booksa few “有几个”表肯定，后只接复数 a few booksfew “没几个 ” 表否定，后只接复数 few booksa little “有一点”表肯定，后只接不可数 a little meatlittle“没多少” 表否定，后只接不可数 little meatplenty of “大量的，充足的”后接复数和不可数都可以plenty of meat
32、plenty of booksa number of “许多”后只接复数 a number of booksa bit of “一点”后只接不可数 a bit of food01. 【2013 四川遂宁】22. Im so hungry. Please give me to eat.A. three bread B. three pieces of bread C. three pieces of breads02. 【2013 湖北黄冈】 33.What would you like to drink, girls?，_ please.A. Two glass of water B. Two
33、 glass of waters C. Two cups of tea D. Two cups of teas03. Can I help you? -Id like _ for my twin daughters.A. two pair of shoes B. two pairs of shoe C. two pair of shoe D. two pairs of shoes04. The foreigner spoke so fast that I understood _ of his speech.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little05. A
34、lot of story books are on sale, but _ good ones. A. any B. some C. few D. many06. Theres _ milk at home. We have to buy some this afternoon. A. a little B. little C. a few07. Would you like some milk in your tea? -Yes, please. But just _. A. little B. a little C. a few08. Youve stayed in this school
35、 for several days, havent you? -Yes. I think Ill be here for _ more days. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little09. Could I have something to eat? -Sure. Heres some _. A. chicken B. tomatoes C. orange5. 加连字符结构的用法：常放在名词前作定语 ,并且其中的名词要用单数例：He is a 12yearold boy. 他是一个 12 岁的孩子。a twoday holiday = a two day
36、s holiday 两天的假期6. 名词的所有格一般在词尾加 s 例：his brothers book 他的兄弟的书以 s 结尾的只加 例：the students books 学生们的书两人共同所有，在后一个名词尾用所有格 例：Lily and Lucys father 莉莉和露西的父亲两人分别所有，两个名词尾都用所有格 例：Lilys and Kates fathers 莉莉的父亲和露西的父亲所有格后的名词有时省略： 例：This is not my book, but Jims. (=Jims book 吉姆的书 )Jim is staying at the doctors. (=do
37、ctors room 医务室)7. 双重所有格：有两种表示法of + 名词所有格 例：He is a friend of my fathers. 他是我父亲的一个朋友。of + 名词性物主代词 例：This is a child of theirs. 这是他们的一个孩子。01. 【2014 长沙】Is the schoolbag under the desk yours? No, its my _. He left it there just now. A. brother B. brothers C. brothers02. 【2014 鄂州】Its convenient to travel
38、 from Ezhou to Wuhan by taking the newly-built green railway. Yes. Its said that _ is enough.A. fifteen minutes drive B. fifteen-minutes drive C. fifteen minutes drive D. fifteen minutes drive03. 【2014 东营】When is Day?Its on June 1st, Dave.A. Child B. Children C. Childs D. Childrens04. 【2014 苏州】The p
39、ark is far away from here indeed its about _ walkA. Three hour B. a three hours C. a three-hours D. a three-hour05. 【2014 甘肃白银】Mr. Black is a teacher of _. She and her classmates like him very muchA. my sister B. my sisters C. my sisters D. my sisters06. 【2013 山东威海】40. _ fathers cant go to the class
40、 meeting because they have gone to business. A. Jack and Mikes B. Jacks and Mikes C. Jack and Mike D. Jacks and Mike07. 【2014 河北】We must protect plants. They are friends of _. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 08. Our school is just ten _ walk from my home. A. minutes B. minutes C. minute09. The man saved
41、three _ lives in the accident. A. childrens B. children C. child D. childs10. 【2013 广西贺州】 36. Look at the man over there. He is _ uncle.A. Jims and Tims B. Jims and Tim C. Jim and Tim D. Jim and Tims11. 【2013 贵州安顺】20. Kate is _ girl. Shes very happy at school.A. a eighteen-year-old B. an eighteen-ye
42、ar-old C. an eighteen-years-old D. a eighteen-years-old12. 【2014 呼和浩特】How far is it from Tianjin to Changsha？It is a _ flight from Tianjin to Changsha. A. 2-hour-long B. 2-hours-long C. 2 hours long D. 2 hour long13. 【2014 宜宾】In this test, were asked to write a passage of about _.A. 80-words B. 80-w
43、ord C. 80 words D. 80 words8. 常见名词用法区别a number of “许多”，谓语动词用复数 例：There are a number of places to see in Beijing.the number of “-的数量 ”，谓语动词用单数 例：The number of the apples is eight.noise 嘈杂吵闹等不愉快的声音 例：The noise of the street kept me awake.sound 指任何可以听到的声音 例：Did you hear the strange sound from the next
44、door.voice 嗓音，指人唱歌说话或笑的声音 例：The little girl has a beautiful voice.question 指广泛的问题，回答英语，史地等问题叫做：answer the question例：Read the text and answer the questions.problem 指难题。解数理问题称为：solve the problem例：This problem cannot be solved.9. people 本身是复数意义 例：Some people are playing over there. 一些人正在那边玩。the+姓氏复数，表示“某人一家” 例：the Greens 格林一家10.中国单位只用单数 例：10 yuan / 5 jin / 10 li /外国单位有单复数 例：1 dollar/ 4 dollars/ 4 kilos/11.fish fruit drinkfood 是不可数名词，但表示不同种类时，用复数。例：I want to buy some fruit. （表示总体，是不可数名词）She likes pears, apples and other fruits. （表示不同种类水果，用复数）专题检测单项选择1. 【20
