1、第二部分 题型应对策略 题型一 提示类填空 第1讲 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致,技巧1 留心时间状语, 关注参照动词 【典例】(2018全国卷) Diets have changed in Chinaand so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country _(grow) more corn than rice.,【考场思维】 读句子定成分空格处动词作谓语 时间状语Since 2011参照动词have changed; has 尝试解答: _,has grown,【技法点金】 识清几种常考时态的标志式时间状语及句式 1. 一般现在时: 看到eve
2、ry time, now and then, often, sometimes, usually, occasionally, always, seldom等时间状语, 要想到用一般现在时。,2. 一般过去时: 看到yesterday, last year, in 2015, the other day, two days ago, 段时间+later 等时间状语, 要想到用一般过去时。,3. 一般将来时: 看到tomorrow, next year, in a week, in the future, right away, soon, tonight等时间状语, 要想到用一般将来时。,4.
3、 现在进行时: 看到all the time, at this moment, at present, always, continually, constantly等时间状语, 要想到用现在进行时。,5. 现在完成时: 看到since, recently, lately, already, in the last/past few days, so far, up to now, till now, for+段时间, it is the first time. . . 等标志词, 要想到用现在完成时。,6. 过去完成时: 看到by then, by the end of. . . , by
4、that time, it was the first time. . . 等标志词, 要想到用过去完成时。,【过关检测】 (2017全国卷)Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school _ (come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. ” Chinese people _ (be) fond of enjoying chrysanthemum on Double Ninth Day long before
5、.,came,were,But it isnt all just enjoyment, we have also started doing social work to help people in our neighborhood. We _(organize) activities for small children during the holidays.,have organized/organized,(2018正定二模) March 2, 2017 was his 113th birthday. He was born in 1904 in Massachusetts and
6、_ (die) in 1991. She _(be) in his care since she was a month old.,died,has been,(2017全国卷)Later, engineers _(manage) to construct railway in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known to the tube.,managed,【易错警示】 忽略时间状语, 相近时态混用 Tom, whats wrong with you? You _ (ask) six times about the problem t
7、oday. Oh, I feel puzzled about it.,(变式)Tom, whats wrong with you? You _(ask) once again about the problem just now. Oh, I still felt puzzled about it.,【点拨】题中“ask”这个动作都发生六次了, 说明对说话人产生了影响, 让人不耐烦了。所以用现在完成时, 填have asked。 题根据just now以及答语中的felt可知, 此处用一般过去时, 填asked。,技巧2 把握逻辑关系, 判断主动、被动 【典例】(2017全国卷)When fa
8、t and salt _ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.,【考场思维】 逻辑关系: “fat and salt”与“remove”之间为被动关系 时态判断: 介绍科普知识常用一般现在时; 参照动词tastes 为一般现在时 尝试解答: _,are removed,【技法点金】 牢记几种常考时态的被动语态构成,【过关检测】 (2018泉州一模)In the West, when you go to a restaurant, you choose all that you want to eat
9、; you do not choose a dish to share with others. Your food _(bring) to you , for you alone.,is brought,According to an old story, during the midwinter feast 2, 500 years ago, the King of Wu _(feed) up with all kinds of costly foods and wanted to try various things.,was fed,With his strong ambition i
10、n mind, he was determined to work hard at every subject, particularly English, and as a result, he _(admit) to the best university in his province.,was admitted,Holidays in the United States usually take place at least once a month. Most national holidays _ _ (celebrate) on Monday.,celebrated,are,Pa
11、rt of the reason why releasing balloons _ _ (permit)in so many places is that some balloons do break down eventually. However, it takes about four years to break down completely. It _(say) that the founder of Lao She Teahouse started his business by serving Dawan tea for just two cents each.,is,perm
12、itted,is said,【易错警示】 注意英汉区别 正确选用语态 The books _(sell) well, which were written by Zhou Meisen, a famous writer in Jiangsu. (变式) The books _(sell) out here, which were written by Zhou Meisen, a famous writer in Jiangsu.,【点拨】第一句用sell, 表示“卖得好, 畅销”, 表示状态; 第二句用have been sold表示“卖完了”, 表示动作。,技巧3 牢记三个一致原则, 破解
13、主谓一致难题 【典例】(2018全国卷)While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it _(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.,【考场思维】 读句子定成分空格处动词作谓语 主语是it 谓语用单数 尝试解答: _,is,【技法点金】 一、明晰主谓一致三原则中的常考点 1. 语法一致原则 主语和谓语之间经常插入一些短语, 如with, together with, as well as, lik
14、e, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等引导的短语, 这些短语中的名词常被误认为是主语。这时, 谓语的数要和真正的主语一致。,2. 就近一致原则 (1)由neither. . . nor. . . , either. . . or. . . , not only. . . but also. . . , or等连接并列主语时, 谓语要和位置上最近的主语保持一致。 (2)there be结构中, be动词的数要与距离be动词最近的那个主语一致。,3. 意义一致原则 (1)and 连接的并列成分指同一概念
15、或作为整体理解时, 谓语用单数形式。如The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活非常重要。,(2)集体名词看作整体时, 谓语用单数形式; 看作个体时, 谓语用复数形式。 (3)非谓语动词、从句作主语时, 谓语一般用单数形式。,二、掌握常考的三种特殊情况 1. “many a/more than one+单数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数, 表示复数意义。 2. “half/most/the rest/the remaining/one third +of +名词”作主语时, 若这个结构中的名词为复
16、数, 则谓语用复数形式; 若这个结构中的名词为单数或不可数名词, 则谓语用单数形式。,3. all, the remaining, the rest, what, who, some, most等作主语时, 谓语动词的数根据它们的实际意义而定。,【过关检测】 (2017全国卷)Fast food _(be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Until this day, A Child Called “It
17、” _ (be) still my favorite book. Inspired by this book, Im sure to become a better person.,is,is,(2018西安一模) I believe music _ (have) the ability to convey all sorts of feelings. Another element that I fall in love with this movie _ (be) the plot twist and what it brings to our hero, Miguel, and his family, dead or alive.,has,is,【易错警示】 分析句子结构, 避免误判主语 Henry, rather than Jane and John, _(be) responsible for the loss. Henry, Jane and John _(be) responsible for the loss.,【点拨】题中, rather than Jane and John属于插入成分, 隔开了主语Henry和谓语动词, 故本句填is; 题中的Henry, Jane and John为并列主语, 所以本句填are。,
