1、 必修 4Unit 1 Women of achievement请根据下表的提示写一篇英语短文。1.1930 年 12 月 30 日出生在中国浙江宁波。2.1955 年毕业于北京医学院。屠呦呦 3.发现青蒿素,减少了疟疾患者的死亡率。4. 2015 年获得诺贝尔奖。5.第一位获得诺贝尔奖的中国科学家。你能从她身上学到什么?参考词汇:青蒿素 artemisinin 疟疾 malaria 死亡率 death rate诺贝尔医学奖 the Nobel Prize for Medicine 北京医学院 Beijing Medical CollegeTu Youyou was born in Ningb
2、o, Zhejiang, China on December 30,1930. In 1955, she graduated from Beijing Medical College. After graduation, she was devoted to finding artemisinin. She was awarded with the 2015 Nobel Prize for Medicine for the discovery of artemisinin, a drug that has greatly reduced death rates from malaria. Sh
3、e is the first Chinese scientist who got the Nobel Prize. Personally, she has set a good example to us students and we can learn a lot from her. Not only her perseverance and persistence but also her diligence and optimism are what we can benefit from.1.文章体裁:说明文。2.行文逻辑:人物介绍个人看法。3.词汇短语:运用了较高级的词汇和短语。如
4、:graduate from( 毕业于), be devoted to(全身心地投入到),personally(在我看来 ),set a good example to(为树立好榜样)等。4.句式句法:运用了多样化的句式结构。如:定语从句: that has greatly reduced death rates from malaria, who got the Nobel Prize;并列结构: Not only her perseverance and persistence but also her diligence and optimism;表语从句:what we can ben
5、efit from 等。.单词荟萃1. n.观众;听众; 读者 2. n.突发事件;紧急情况 3. n.一代;一辈 4. n.成就;功绩achieve vt.完成;达到 5. n.专家;专业工作者special adj.特殊的;专门的 specialize vi.专攻;专门从事, 专注于 6. n.连接;关系connect vt.连接 7. n.组织;机构; 团体organize vt.组织 8. vt.(举止或行为 )表现behaviour 行为; 举止;习性 9. vt.观察;观测; 遵守observation n.观察; 观测 observer n.观察者 10. vt.尊重;敬意res
6、pectable adj.体面的,值得尊敬的respectful adj.尊敬的; 表示敬意的 11. vt.辩论;争论argument n.争论; 争辩; 争吵 12. n.款待;娱乐; 娱乐表演entertain vt.款待; 使快乐 13. vt. 鼓舞;激发; 启示inspiring adj. 令人鼓舞的inspired adj. 有灵感的;受鼓舞的inspiration n.鼓舞;灵感 14. vi.谈到;查阅; 参考reference n.参考; 涉及 15. n.疾病;恶心sick adj.生病的 16. vt.计划;打算intention n.打算 17. n.决心;果断det
7、ermine v.决心;下决心 determined adj.有决心的;坚决的 18. n.仁慈;好意kind adj.亲切的;温柔的 19. adj.考虑周到的consideration n.考虑;体谅consider v.考虑 20. vt.递送;生(小孩儿 );接生;发表(演说等) delivery n.发表;递送 .短语检测1. 为而奋斗 2. 处死,处决3. 解决;锻炼身体4. 把贡献给;致力于5. 而不是6. 离开;起程;出发7. 过着的生活8. (想法、问题等) 涌上心头;涌入脑海 9. 蔑视;瞧不起10. 查阅;参考;谈到11. 碰巧;凑巧12. (偶然) 遇见;碰见 13.
8、继续;坚持14. 为而准备;专供 使用的.佳句再现1.“only+状语”置于句首的倒装句Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months (使她得以开始自己的计划). 2.once 引导条件状语从句,意为“一旦”(一旦我停下来), it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. 3.it 用作形式主语Suddenly (我忽然想起) how difficult it was for a woman to get medical t
9、raining at that time. 4.强调句型:It is/wasthat/whoFurther reading made me realize that (是苦干、决心和善良的天性) got her into medical school. 5.形容词短语作状语There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, (在劳累一天之后), went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her. 【巧学助记】构词法记忆名词后缀-ity 用于形容词后
10、personal adj.个人的;私人的personality n.性格; 个性;人格similar adj.相似的similarity n.相似点active adj.活跃的activity n.活动规律记忆词形相近的单词deserve vi.值得reserve vi.保留; 预约 ;预订preserve vi. 保持; 保存observe vi.遵守; 注意到 ;庆祝conserve vi.保护1 behave vt.(举止或行为)表现(1)behave oneself 表现得体 ;有礼貌behave well/badly 举止良好/糟糕(2)well-behaved 表现好的badly-
11、behaved 表现差的(3)behaviour n.U 举止,行为【活学活用】(1)Now that youre married, I expect you to behave like an adult.既然你已经结婚了,我希望你表现得像个成年人一样。(2)The naughty boy was told by his father to behave well(=behave himself) in front of the guests.父亲让这个调皮的男孩在客人面前规矩点。(3)语法填空。Students should be encouraged to develop good ha
12、bits and better behave (they). I think all of us should mind our (behave) in public places. They might have been polite to you if you (behave) like a gentleman just now. The children (behave) badly, the teacher kept them after school. 2 observe vt. (to watch sb/sth carefully)观察,观测;(to obey rules, la
13、ws, etc.)遵守;(to see or notice sb/sth)看到,注意到;(to celebrate festivals, birthdays, etc. )庆祝(1)observe Christmas/New Years Day/festivals庆祝圣诞/元旦/节日observe sb do sth 观察/看到某人做某事(强调动作的过程)observe sb doing sth 观察/看到某人正在做某事(强调动作在进行)observe that 发现,观察(2)observation n. 观察;观测【图形助记】【活学活用】(1)Though having lived abr
14、oad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.尽管在国外生活了多年,很多中国人仍然遵守传统的风俗习惯。(遵守)(2)Chinese people observe Spring Festival in the same way that Western people observe Christmas Day.(庆祝)中国人庆祝春节的方式就像西方人庆祝圣诞节一样。(3)By closely observing the actions of animals, scientists may be able to p
15、redict earthquakes. 通过密切观察动物的行为,科学家们就有可能预测地震。(观察)(4)语法填空。The patient is seriously ill and is being kept under continuous (observe). The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to (observe) the behaviour of the chimps. He observed a stranger (enter) the building a moment ago,but he didnt see clearly w
16、ho he was. He was observed (slip) into the house and help himself to what he liked before the owner came back. 3 respect vt.尊重;尊敬 n.尊重;尊敬; 敬意;问候;方面(1)respect sb=give respect to 尊重某人have/show respect for 尊敬;尊重;重视in every respect/in all respects 在各方面(2)respectable adj. 可敬的;值得尊敬的;体面的respectful adj. 表示敬
17、意的;尊敬的【活学活用】(1)Give respect to him, and it will be returned to you.尊重他,你会得到回报。(2)China is developing very rapidly in all respects and were all proud of our motherland.中国在各个方面发展非常迅速,我们都为祖国感到自豪。(3)If you dont respect(=give respect to) yourself,how can you expect others to respect you?如果你自己不自重,又怎能期望得到别
18、人的尊重呢?(4)语法填空。The youngsters are to be taught to have respect social moral standards. While there is no law stating how you may dress,not all fashions are (respect). Be polite and be (respect) to the children when theyre talking. He had been working in the company for many years and (respect) by eve
19、ryone for his good work. 4 argue vi.证明,表明(1)argue with sb on/about/over sth 与某人争论/辩论某事argue against/for 反对/据理力争argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事(2)argument n. 争论,辩论, 争吵温馨提示 表示“说服/劝说某人做某事 ”的搭配还有:persuade sb into doing/to do sth,reason sb into doing sth,talk sb into doing sth,advise sb to do s
20、th等。【图形助记】【活学活用】(1)Dont argue with the people of strong determination,because they may change the fact!别和意志坚定的人争辩,因为他们可能会改变事实!(2)We tried many ways to argue him into accepting our advice, but in vain.我们尝试了很多办法劝说他接受我们的建议,但都是徒然。(3)Its no use the question with him for he wont change his mind. 和他争论这个问题是
21、没有用的,因为他不会改变主意。(4)语法填空。All the other students argued what he said. As a result, we began to argue him about it. How I regretted (argue) with her about the important question, which made us all unhappy. 5 support vt.赡养(1)support sb/a family 支持某人 /赡养家庭(2)in support of sb/sth 支持/支援某人/某物come to sbs supp
22、ort 援助某人【活学活用】(1)A true friend is someone who accepts your past, supports your present and encourages your future.真正的朋友会接受你的过去,力挺你的现在,鼓舞你的将来。(2)When he was about to give up the struggle, his companions came to his support.正当他要放弃斗争之际,他的同伴们来支持他了。(3)Most of the speakers came out in support of these pro
23、posals.大多数发言者都公开表示支持这些建议。(4)语法填空。We must produce evidence support of our theory. The old man went into the room, (support) by his wife. (support ) such a large family is really a heavy load for her. (5)一词多义。She sold everything shed ever bought in order to support herself through art school. Is this
24、bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries? The vice president insisted that he supported the hard-working people of New York. 6 refer(referred,referring) vt.查阅; 参考(1)refer to 提到;参考,查阅;与相关referto 把提交给refer toas 把称作(2)reference n. 提及, 涉及;参考; 参考书目温馨提示 refer to 中的 to为介词 ,后接名词、代词或动名词等作宾语。【活学活用】(1)If
25、you want to know his telephone number, you may refer to the telephone directory. 如果你想知道他的电话号码,你可以查阅电话簿。(查阅, 参考)(2)In his report, the manager didnt refer to the problems of management. 在他的报告中,经理没有提到管理的问题。(提及, 谈到)(3)I didnt refer to you when I was saying that somebody had made a mistake. 当我说有人犯了一个错误的时
26、候,我并没有指你。(指)(4)What I have to say refers to all of you. 我必须说的事情跟你们所有的人都相关。(与有关)(5)The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.这位科学家把这一发现称作这个领域中最令人兴奋的新发展。(把称作)(6)语法填空。Youd better have your (refer) book within my reach. My demand is that the information (
27、refer) to in my report be e-mailed to Mr Brown without delay. 7 intend vt.(to have a plan)想要, 打算(1)intend to do/doing sth 打算做某事intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事(2)be intended for/to do 旨在,预定用途;为打算的had intended to do=intended to have done本打算做(3)with the intention of 抱有的目的【活学活用】(1)Live as though you intend
28、ed to live forever, and work as though your strength were limitless.活着,就像你要永生; 工作,就像你力量无穷。(2)This poem as well as the stories is intended for the new generation but they are not well received.这首诗和这些故事是专为新一代的人而写的,但并没有受到热捧。(3)I had intended to meet(=intended ) you at the airport, but someone came to s
29、ee me just when I was about to leave. 我本来要到机场去接你的,可在我正要出门时有人来看我。 (4)语法填空。This programme was set up the intention of providing help for homeless people. This book is intended the general readers rather than the students. The international agreement, (intend) to encourage children not to smoke and hel
30、p people kick the habit, was signed yesterday. I (intend ) to call on you yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor. 8 deliver vt.(to bring or transport goods, letters, etc. to the proper place; to take sb somewhere)递送,交付,运载 ;(to help a woman to give birth to a baby)助产;(to give a speech)发表演说等(1)del
31、iver sth (to sb) 投递/传送某物(给某人)deliver a speech 发表演说deliver(= give birth to) a baby 接生(2)delivery n. 投递;送货; 分娩, 生孩子express delivery 快递温馨提示 deliver 后不接双宾语 ,即不能说 deliver sb sth,只能说 deliver sth to sb。【活学活用】(1)The postman was mixed up, so he delivered the package to the wrong house.邮递员糊涂了,所以他将包裹送错地方了。(2)T
32、hat famous progressive thinker was asked to deliver a speech at the meeting.那位著名的进步思想家被邀请在会议上发表演讲。(3)She was safely delivered of(=safely )a boy in the early hours of this morning. 她今天清晨顺利生下一名男孩。(4)语法填空。When the sale is complete, you must deliver the house the new owner. Bad news came that the snowst
33、orm delayed the (deliver) of the mail. Can you give me your guarantee that the goods (deliver) before Friday? The express company will get all these goods received (deliver) to the customers today. 1 look down upon/on 蔑视,轻视,瞧不起look forward to 盼望;期待look into 调查;观察; 窥视look out (for) 注意;留意;留神look throu
34、gh 浏览;仔细查看look up to 尊敬;仰视look on as 把看作; 把 当作【活学活用】(1)Do not look down upon him! I am sure he is a diamond in the rough.别小看他!我坚信他是一个可塑之才。(2)The rich should not look down upon the poor.有钱人不应该看不起穷人。(3)用 look 相关短语的适当形式填空。The police did not begin to the case until yesterday afternoon. Thank you for you
35、r interest in this project. Were working with you! I those who always rely on others. The schoolmaster was a scholarly man. All his pupils him. 2 come across(=run across/into=meet by chance)(偶然)遇见,碰见come about=happen 发生come out 出现;开花; 出版, 发行;显出come 谈到;达到; 被想到come up (太阳) 升起;发生;被提及come up with 找到/提出(
36、答案、办法等)【活学活用】(1)The first week I stayed in the hotel I came across an old friend of mine.我在旅馆住的第一个星期就遇见了一个老朋友。(2)When he came across a new word, he would often look it up in the dictionary and find out its exact meaning.碰到生词时,他总是查字典, 弄清单词的确切词义。(3)用 come 相关短语的适当形式填空。When I a new word, I put it down i
37、n my notebook. How did it that he knew where we were? It suddenly her that she had been wrong all along. 3 carry on 继续;坚持carry on with sth/carry on doing sth继续做某事(相当于 go on with)carry out 执行;实施carry through 帮助渡过难关;顺利完成carry off 赢得;获得【活学活用】(1)We must carry on till success in spite of the extremely di
38、fficult conditions.尽管条件极其困难,我们必须坚持下去,直到成功。(2)The conversation was carried on in a cordial and friendly atmosphere.这次会谈是在一种亲切友好的气氛中进行的。(3)They decided to carry on (with) the work in spite of the weather.不管天气如何,他们都决定继续工作下去。(4)用 carry 相关短语的适当形式填空。Though the task is being , nobody knows whether it will
39、be to the end. Though their task was difficult,their determination them . She is playing so well this year that people expect her to all the big prizes again. 1 Once I stop,it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来,所有的一切都会涌上心头,我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。句型公式come crowding in 涌入【句式点
40、拨】 once 引导条件状语从句,意为“一旦”;crowding in 为现在分词短语作方式状语,意为“涌入”。动词 come 后常接running/flying/speeding/dashing/rushing/crashing/pouring 等现在分词作方式状语。温馨提示 crowded ( adj.) 意为 “拥挤的”。be crowded with 挤满了。【活学活用】(1)Seeing the picture on the wall,many sweet memories came crowding in my head.看着墙上的这张照片,很多美好的回忆纷纷涌上我的心头。(2)T
41、hough difficulties were crowding in on the two, they still had great confidence.尽管他们俩遇到了很多困难,但他们仍然很有信心。(3)On weekends,the students as soon as the the door of the library is open. 每逢周末,图书馆的门刚一打开学生们就涌了进来。(4)语法填空。The rain came (pour) down and of course the football game was cancelled. He came (run) alo
42、ng the platform just as the train was leaving. It was two weeks before Christmas and the mall (crowd) with shoppers. environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover. 2 Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.突然我想到在那个年代,一
43、个女子去学医是多么困难啊。句型公式 It hit/hits sb+从句 某人突然想到 【句式点拨】 it hit/hits sb that是一个固定句型,意为“某人突然想到”,it 在句中作形式主语。类似的句式还有: It struck/strikes sb; It occurred/occurs to sb。【活学活用】(1)After hospital life for a week it suddenly hit me that nothing is more important than health.住院一个星期后,我突然意识到没有比健康更重要的东西了。(2) all of a su
44、dden that I had forgotten her birthday.(hit) 我突然想起我把她的生日给忘了。(3)When Susan got a job offer in Montana, that she was really leaving. (strike) 当苏珊在蒙大拿州找到了工作之后,我突然意识到,她真的要离开了。(4)Now that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.(occur) 现在他突然意识到,他的农场有很大的潜力,而且奶牛的死亡其实也是一种
45、幸运。.单句填空1.Do you want to get this book (deliver) to your house or would you prefer to come to the shop for it yourself? 2.He has decided to get a look at the house and see if it might be worthwhile (buy) it. 3.I (intend ) to take a holiday last year, but I wasnt able to get away. 4.He made such an (
46、inspire) speech that everybody got excited. 5.He gave up the plan chiefly because it (support) by none of them. 6.Joanna left her husband because of his unacceptable (behave). 7.Gun control is a subject which Americans have argued for a long time. 8.It is everybodys duty to observe the rules (keep)
47、our society in order and going on the right track. 9.There is no doubt that flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great (achieve). 10.Only later did hit me that I shouldnt have told her the story. .单句改错1.It is considerate for you not to make any noise while the others are having a rest
48、.2.We did all we could inspire his creative thinking, expecting that he could think up some new ideas for the project.3.Since youre alone, why not joining us in playing the game?4.The woman, together with her husband and two children,all looking anxious,were asking the guard to let them through then.5.The young girl devotes all her spare time to study English.完成句子1. she was not a bit worried, but in fact, she was n
