1、综合卷(Unit 4Unit 5)(建议用时：100 分钟；分数：120 分)第卷第一部分 阅读理解共两节，满分 40 分第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。ADecisionmaking under StressA new review based on a research shows that acute stress affects the way the brain considers the advantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus
2、 on pleasure and ignore the possible negative (负面的 ) consequences of a decision.The research suggests that stress may change the way people make choices in predictable ways.“Stress affects how people learn， ” says Professor Mara Mather.“People lean better about positive than negative outcomes under
3、stress.”For example, two recent studies looked at how people learned to connect images (影像) with either rewards or punishments. In one experiment, some of the participants were first stressed by having to give a speech and do difficult math problems in front of an audience; in the other, some were s
4、tressed by having to keep their hands in ice water. In both cases, the stressed participants remembered the rewarded material more accurately and the punished material less accurately than those who hadnt gone through the stress.This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to res
5、ist eating cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stressat those moments, only the pleasure associated with such activities comes to mind. But the findings further suggest that stress may bring about a double effect. Not only are rewarding experiences remembered better, but negative consequences
6、 are also less easily recalled.The research also found that stress appears to affect decisionmaking differently in men and women. While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.Men who had been stressed by the
7、 coldwater task tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way. In stressful situations in which risktaking can pay off big, men may tend to do better; when caution weighs more, however, women will win.This tendency to slow down and become more cautious when de
8、cisions are risky might also help explain why women are less likely to become addicted than men: they may more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction.1We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to _Akeep rewards better in their memoryBrecall con
9、sequences more effortlesslyCmake risky decisions more frequentlyDlearn a subject more effectively2According to the research, stress affects people most probably in their _Aways of making choicesBpreference for pleasureCtolerance of punishmentsDresponses to suggestions3The research has proved that in
10、 a stressful situation, _Awomen find it easier to fall into certain habitsBmen have a greater tendency to slow downCwomen focus more on outcomesDmen are more likely to take risksBSuccesses or failures of employees in the workplace can be traced to what kind of father they had，a psychologist argues i
11、n a new book.In The Father Factor，Stephan Poulter lists five styles of fatherssuperachieving ，timebomb，passive，absent and warmheartedwho have powerful influences on the careers of their sons and daughters.Children of the “timebomb” father，for example，who explodes in anger at his family，learn how to
12、read people and their moods.Those abilities make them good at such jobs as personnel managers or negotiators，he writes.But those same children may have trouble feeling safe and developing trust，said Poulter，a clinical psychologist who also works with children in Los Angeles schools. “Ive_seen_more_p
13、eople_hit_their_heads_on_what_they_call_a_glass_ceiling_or_cement_wall_in_their_careers,_and_its_what_I_call_the_father_factor， ” Poulter said in an interview.“What role did your father have in your life? Its this unknown variable that has huge influence because were all sons and daughters.”Styles o
14、f fathering can affect whether their children get along with others at work，have a team spirit，worry too much about their careers，burn out or become the boss.Even absent fathers affect how their children work，he writes.Those children may be overachievers，becoming the person their father never was, o
15、r develop such anger toward supervisors or authority figures that they work best when they are selfemployed ，he writes.Poulter coauthored an earlier book on mothers and daughters called Mending the Broken Bough.The Father Factor is set for release next month by Prometheus Books.4What would be the be
16、st title for the passage?AFathers Influences on How Their Children workBFathers Impact on Their ChildrenCFather and the Family LifeDFather Can Be Important to Family Members5The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 means _Athe person who succeeds in his/her career is affected by his/her fatherBfathers
17、 will help you to overcome difficultiesCthe father factor is very important in ones jobDthe person who often gets trouble in society finds the deep root in his/her father6According to what Poulter has written，the son of a “time bomb” father _Ais good at cooperating with othersBtends to be angry to o
18、thersCoften loses temper at homeDis likely to become a leader in the future7Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AThe person with a “timebomb” father is always confident.BWe are all influenced more or less by our fathers.CThe person without his fathers company will not be affected
19、 by the father factor.DThe father factor is more important than the mother factor.CBaby girls make their way directly for dolls as soon as they can crawl，while boys will head for cars，a study has shown.The findings，the first to show differences in very young babies， suggest there is a biological bas
20、is to their preferences.Psychologist Dr.Brenda Todd from City University London carried out an experiment involving 90 babies aged 9 months to 36 months.The babies were allowed to choose from seven toys.Some were typically boys toysa car，a digger，a ball and a blue teddy.The rest were girls toys: a p
21、ink teddy，a doll and a cooking set.They were placed a meter away from the toys; and could pick whichever toy they liked; their choice and the amount of time they spent playing with each toy were recorded.Of the youngest children(9 to 14 months)，girls spent significantly longer playing with the doll
22、than boys，and boys spent much more time with the car and ball than the girls did.Among the two and threeyearolds，girls spent 50 percent of the time playing with the doll while only two boys briefly touched it.The boys spent almost 90 percent of their time playing with cars，which the girls barely tou
23、ched.There was no link between the parents view on which toys were more appropriate for boys or girls，and the children s choice.Dr.Brenda Todd said， “Children of this age are already exposed to much socialization.Boys may be given toys that go while girls get toys they can care for，which may help sh
24、ape their preference.But these findings agree with the former idea that children show natural interests in particular kinds of toys.There could be a biological basis for their choices.Males through evolution have been adapted to prefer: moving objects，probably through hunting instincts(本能)，while gir
25、ls prefer warmer colors such as pink，the colour of a newborn baby.”8Baby boys and girls have different toy preferences probably because _Ababy boys are much more activeBbaby girls like bright colours moreCtheir parents treat them differentlyDthere is a natural difference between them9Both baby boys
26、and baby girls like to play with _ according to the study.Aa ball Ba teddyCa car Da doll10What can we infer from Paragraph 3?ANinemonth old baby boys dont play with dolls at all.BTwoyearold baby girls sometimes play with cars and balls.CThe older the babies are，the more obvious their preference is.D
27、Parents should teach their babies to share each others toys.11What conclusion did Dr.Brenda Todd draw from the results of the study?AAdults purposely influence their babies preference.BBabies preference isnt affected by social surroundings.CBaby boys preferring to moving toys will be good at hunting
28、.DBaby girls preferring warmer colors will be warmhearted.DIts a nightmare for Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST): within a week，two students committed suicide by jumping off dorm buildings.Officials from the university are reluctant to give interviews.“We had a hard time calming d
29、own students who were shocked at the suicides， ” said Zhang Jingyuan，one official of HUST.“Media coverage may arouse some students negative emotions again.Suicide can be contagious， ” Zhang said.The university reacted promptly to the first suicide on October 23.Advisors and class leaders conducted d
30、ormto dorm checks to find students suffering depression.Then psychologists offered oneonone counseling to them.Notice boards publicizing tips for identifying peers mental problems and offering help were set up in front of dorm buildings.Leaflets carrying similar information were handed out to each d
31、orm.However，the second suicide came seven days later.Both students were described as men of few words.Their schoolmates didnt see anything to indicate suicide.Zhang revealed that the two students had been bothered by mental disorders.But the school didnt know this until the students close friends ou
32、tside school and their parents unveiled the truth after the suicides.According to Zhang，there are only three fulltime counselors working in the universitys counseling center for its 60， 000 students.He complained, “Its unrealistic to rely only on counselors to detect students mental problems.”Effect
33、ive prevention comes from longterm education for life instead of temporary intervention to meet an emergency，said Hu Yian.Hu delivers a course of lectures on life and death at Guangzhou University.He worries that universities have paid little attention to education for life.“Education for life helps
34、 students respect and love life so they wont resort to ending their lives when they have difficulties， ” said Hu.According to Hu，the principles can be incorporated into everyday teaching.Hu is also concerned that some universities are conveying discriminatory message that will hold back students fro
35、m seeking help.When HUST conducted the dormtodorm examination，students with poor academic performance were paid special attention.In March，Peking University also released a controversial policy，which required teachers to have a chat with students “with biased thinking”However，Hu suggested that stude
36、nts step out of their comfort zone to seek reallife communication.12The underlined word “reluctant” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_”Awilling BunhappyCrefused Ddecided13Why did the advisors and class leaders go to the students dorm?ATo learn the first suicide.BTo avoid the second suicide.CTo learn a
37、bout the students suffering depression.DTo offer help to the students.14Which is NOT the measure that the university took to the first suicide?AConducting checks to find out the students depression.BOffering counseling to the students.CSetting up notice boards publicizing tips for identifying peers
38、mental problems and offering help.DHanding out leaflets to each student.15Which of the following is RIGHT according to the text?AOfficials of HUST were willing to give the details about the suicide.BHUST didn t respond to the first suicide.CWhat the university about the suicide was a success.DTheir
39、close friends and parents did know the students had mental disorder.第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。There is an English saying：“16._” Until recently，few people took the saying seriously.Now， however，doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has o
40、n the human body.17._Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body.People watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts，blood pressure，breathing and muscles.It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.18._If laughter exercises the body，it must b
41、e beneficial.Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body.In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs.The group that tolerated(忍耐) the pain for the longest time was the group which listened
42、 to a funny program.19._20_They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing，making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.ALaughter can prolong one s life.BAs a result of these discoveries，some doctors in the United States n
43、ow hold laughter clinics in which they help to improve their patients condition by encouraging them to laugh.CThe reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain.DIt increases blood pressure，the heart beati
44、ng and breathing；it also works several groups of muscles in the face，the stomach and even the feet.EAlthough laughter helps cure the disease，doctors still cannot put this theory into clinic practice.FLaughter is the best medicine.GThey have found that laughter really can improve peoples health.第二部分
45、英语知识运用共两节，满分 45 分第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。There was once a group of young people searching everywhere for happiness，but what they got was only annoyance，grief and misery.So they _21_ Socrates for advice on where happiness _22_But _23_ giving
46、any answers，Socrates asked them to help with building a _24_ first.The group of guys had to _25_ the task，laying aside their own business of seeking happiness.It took them a long time to cut down a tall tree，gouging out (挖空) the center.Through painstaking effort，they made a canoe out of the tree.The
47、y launched the canoe into a river，and then _26_ together in it，singing with _27_Socrates asked， “My children，do you have happiness now？” They answered in chorus， “We _28_ be happier！”Socrates _29_， “Thats it！_30_ you are too busy pursuing something to notice anything bitter，happiness will occur.”Fro
48、m the story I got to know that happiness _31_ hides behind every tiny thing that you are involved in， and that you may only get pleasure through _32_ work and creativity.We may have to _33_ pain in our daily life and in the process of _34_ happiness.Sometimes we tend to look for happiness in _35_ things，like a new car， clothes，etc.True longterm happiness，however，comes from within our _36_ and spirit.So why not turn suffering into _37_ life，and _38_ tears into the light in your heart? Only in this way
