1、号灯与号型,号灯与号型的作用 表明船舶的存在； 表明船舶的动态，如舷灯和尾灯表示在航； 表明船舶的工作性质或船舶的种类，如垂直红白红三盏环照灯和球菱球号型表示操纵能力受到限制； 表明船舶正在进行的作业或执行的任务，如拖带灯表示正在从事拖带作业； 表明船舶的大小，如仅显示一盏桅灯的机动船长度小于50m. 号灯和号型不能用来表示船舶的实际航向，但根据船舶显示的航行灯可以大致判断出其航向或航向区间。,号灯与号型,PART C-LIGHTS AND SHAPES RULE 20 Application (a) Rules in this Part shall be complied with in a
2、ll weathers. (b) The Rules concerning lights shall be complied with from sunset to sunrise, and during such times no other lights shall be exhibited, except such lights as cannot be mistaken for the lights specified in these Rules or do not impair their visibility or distinctive character, or interf
3、ere with the keeping of a proper look-out.,号灯与号型,(c) The lights prescribed by these Rules shall, if carried, also be exhibited from sunrise to sunset in restricted visibility and may be exhibited in all other circumstances when it is deemed necessary. (d) The Rules concerning shapes shall be complie
4、d with by day. (e) The lights and shapes specified in these Rules shall comply with the provisions of Annex to these Regulations.,号灯与号型,第二十条 适用范围 1.本章（第三章）各条在各种天气中都应遵守。 2有关号灯的各条规定，从日没到日出时都应遵守。在此时间内不应显示别的灯光，但那些不会被误认为本规则条款订明的号灯，或者不会削弱号灯的能见距离或显著特性，或者不会妨碍正规了望的灯光除外。 3本规则条款所规定的号灯，如已设置，也应在能见度不良的情况下从日出到日没时显
5、示，并可在一切其他认为必要的情况下显示。 4有关号型的各条规定，在白天都应遵守。 5本规则条款订明的号灯和号型，应符合本规则附录一的规定。,号灯与号型,号灯号型的显示时间 号灯 日没到日出以及能见度不良的白天应显示号灯。 在其他认为必要的情况下，如能见度不良水域附近或低云层较暗的情况，也可以显示号灯。 号型 应在白天显示,号灯与号型,号灯号型的显示时间 号灯和号型同时显示 晨昏蒙影 能见度不良的白天 有关号灯和号型的规定，在各种天气条件下均应遵守.,号灯与号型,不应显示的灯光 会被认为是本规则订明的灯光； 会削弱号灯能见距或显著特性； 妨碍正规了望的灯光 包括：甲板照明灯、舱室照明灯光的外泄、
6、海图室照明灯或过亮仪表指示灯等。 可以显示的灯光 有些大型船舶在主甲板边缘显示照明灯（向下）。 船舶不应显示不符合本船情况的号灯。,号灯定义,Rule 21 Definitions (a) Masthead light means a white light placed over the fore and aft centerline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahe
7、ad to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel.,号灯定义,Rule 21 Definitions (b) Sidelights means a green light on the starboard side and a red light on the port side each showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 112.5 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right a
8、head to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on its respective side. In a vessel of less than 20 meters in length the sidelights may be combined in one lantern carried on the fore and aft centreline of the vessel.,号灯定义,Rule 21 Definitions (c) Sternlight means a white light placed as nearly as practicable at
9、the stern showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 135 degrees and so fixed as to show the light 67.5 degrees from right aft on each side of the vessel. (d) Towing light means a yellow light having the same characteristics as the sternlight defined in paragraph(c) of this Rule.,号灯定义,R
10、ule 21 Definitions (e) All round light means a light showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 360 degrees. (f) Flashing light means a light flashing at regular intervals at a frequency of 120 flashes or more per minute.,号灯定义,第二十一条 定义 1. “桅灯(Masthead Light)”是指安置在船的首尾中心线上方的白灯，在225度的水平弧内
11、显示不间断的灯光，其装置要使灯光从船的正前方到每一舷正横后22.5度内显示。 2. “舷灯(Sidelights)”是指右舷的绿灯和左舷的红灯，各在112.5度的水平弧内显示不间断的灯光，其装置要使灯光从船的正前方到各自一舷的正横后22.5度内分别显示。长度小于20米的船舶，其舷灯可以合并成一盏，装设于船的首尾中心线上。,号灯定义,3.“尾灯(Stern light)”是指安置在尽可能接近船尾的白灯，在135度的水平弧内显示不间断的灯光，其装置要使灯光从船的正后方到每一舷67.5度内显示。 4. “拖带灯(Towing Light)”是指具有与本条3款所述“尾灯”相同特性的黄灯。需要时，它设置
12、于尾灯的垂直上方。 5. “环照灯(All-round Light)”是指在360度的水平弧内显示不间断灯光的号灯。 6. “闪光灯(Flashing Light)”是指每隔一定时间以每分钟120次或120次以上的频率闪光的号灯。,号灯的光弧,号灯的光弧,号灯的光弧,桅灯的光弧 界限内5，发光强度减弱不超过50% 界限外5切实断光。,号灯的光弧,舷灯的光弧 前方 界限外1-3切实断光。 正横后22.5 界限内5，发光强度减弱不超过50%， 界限外5切实断光。,号灯的光弧,尾灯的光弧 界限内5，发光强度减弱不超过50%， 界限外5切实断光。 尾灯应尽可能装设在船尾附近（未要求在首尾中心线）,号灯
13、的光弧,根据看到的号灯，可以判断来船的航向区间： 看到他船绿舷灯，该船的航向区间约为：TB+67.5 TB+180； 看到他船红舷灯，该船的航向区间约为：TB-67.5 TB-180； 看到他船尾灯，该船的航向区间为约：TB-67.5 TB+67.5； TB为他船的真方位。,号灯的能见距离,Rule 22 Visibility of Lights The lights prescribed in these Rules shall have an intensity as specified in Section 8 Annex to these Regulation so as to be
14、visible at the following minimum ranges: (a) In vessels of 50 metres or more in length: - a masthead light, 6 miles; - a sidelight, 3 miles; - a sternlight, 3 miles; - a towing light, 3 miles; - a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 3 miles.,号灯的能见距离,(b) In vessels of 12 metres or more in le
15、ngth but less than 50 m in length: - a masthead light, 5 miles; except that where the length of the vessel is less than 20 meters, 3 miles; - a sidelight, 2 miles; - a sternlight, 2 miles; - a towing light, 2 miles; - a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles.,号灯的能见距离,(c) In vessels of
16、less than 12 metres in length: - a masthead light, 2 miles, - a sidelight, 1 mile, - a sternlight, 2 miles, - a towing light, 2 miles; - a white, red, green or yellow all-round light, 2 miles. (d) In inconspicuous, partly submerged vessels or objects being towed; a white all-round light, 3 miles.,号灯
17、的能见距离,第二十二条 号灯的能见距离 本规则条款规定的号灯，应具有本规则附录一第8节订明的发光强度，以便在下列最小距离上能被看到： 1. 长度为50米或50米以上的船舶： 桅灯，6海里； 舷灯，3海里； 尾灯，3海里； 拖带灯，3海里； 白、红、绿或黄色环照灯，3海里。,号灯的能见距离,2. 长度为12米或12米以上但小于50米的船舶： 桅灯，5海里,但长度小于20米的船舶，3海里； 舷灯，2海里； 尾灯，2海里； 拖带灯，2海里； 白、红、绿或黄色环照灯，2海里。,号灯的能见距离,3. 长度小于12米的船舶： 桅灯，2海里； 舷灯，1海里； 尾灯，2海里； 拖带灯，2海里； 白、红、绿或黄
18、色环照灯，2海里。 4. 不宜察觉的、部分淹没的被拖船或物体： 白色环照灯，3海里。,在航机动船,第 二 十 三 条 在航机动船1在航机动船应显示： （1）在前部一盏桅灯； （2）第二盏桅灯，后于并高于前桅灯；长度小于50米的船舶，不要求显示该桅灯，但可以这样做； （3）两盏舷灯； （4）一盏尾灯。,在航机动船,Rule 23 Power-driven Vessels underway (a) A power-driven vessel underway shall exhibit: (i) a masthead light forward; (ii) a second masthead li
19、ght abaft of and higher than the forward one; except that a vessel of less than 50 meters in length shall not be obliged to exhibit such light but may do so; (iii) sidelights; (iv) a sternlight.,在航机动船,Rule 23 Power-driven Vessels underway (b) An air-cushion vessel when operating in the non-displacem
20、ent mode shall, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule exhibit an all-round flashing yellow light. (c) A WIG craft only when taking off, landing and in flight near the surface shall, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit a high intens
21、ity all-round flashing red light.,在航机动船,Rule 23 Power-driven Vessels underway (d) (i) A power-driven vessel of less than 12 meters in length may in lieu of the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule exhibit an all-round white light and sidelights: (ii) a power-driven vessel of less than 7 m
22、eters in length whose maximum speed does not exceed 7 knots may in lieu of the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule exhibit an all-round white light and shall, if practicable, also exhibit sidelights;,在航机动船,Rule 23 Power-driven Vessels underway (d) (iii) the masthead light or all-round wh
23、ite light on a power-driven vessel of less than 12 meters in length may be displaced from the fore and aft centreline of the vessel if centreline fitting is not practicable, provided that the sidelights are combined in one lantern which shall be carried on the fore and aft centreline of the vessel o
24、r located as nearly as practicable in the same fore and aft line as the masthead light or the all-round white light.,在航机动船,在航机动船,在航机动船,在航机动船,在航机动船,在航机动船,在航机动船,在航机动船,在航机动船,2气垫船在非排水状态下航行时，除本条1款规定的号灯外，还应显示一盏环照黄色闪光灯。 3除本条第1款规定的号灯外，地效船只有在起飞、降落和贴近水面飞行时才应显示高亮度的环照红色闪光灯。,在航机动船,在航机动船,在航机动船,在航机动船,在航机动船,4. （1）长
25、度小于12米的机动船，可以显示一盏环照白灯和舷灯以代替本条1款规定的号灯； （2）长度小于7米且其最高速度不超过7节的机动船，可以显示一盏环照白灯以代替本条1款规定的号灯。如可行时应显示舷灯； （3）长度小于12米的机动船的桅灯或环照白灯，如果不可能装设在船的首尾中心线上，可以离开中心线显示，条件是其舷灯合并成一盏，并应装设在船的首尾中心线上，或尽可能地装设在接近该桅灯或环照白灯所在的首尾线处.,在航机动船,机动船在航包括对水移动和不对水移动状态，均应显示舷灯、尾灯、桅灯 本条中“机动船”不包括： 从事拖带作业的机动船； 从事引航任务的机动船； 从事捕鱼的船舶； 操纵能力受到限制的船舶； 失去
26、控制的船舶,在航机动船,在航军舰作为特殊构造或用途的船舶，可以显示政府为其确定的尽可能符合规则要求的号灯 船长小于12米的在航机动船可用一盏环照白灯代替其桅灯和尾灯，因其桅灯和尾灯能见距要求相同。,拖带或顶推,Rule 24 Towing and Pushing (a) A power-driven vessel when towing shall exhibit: (i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i) or (a)(ii), two masthead lights in a vertical line. When the l
27、ength of the tow, measuring from the stern of the towing vessel to the after end of the tow exceeds 200 metres, three such lights in a vertical line; (ii) sidelights; (iii) a sternlight; (iv) a towing light in a vertical line above the sternlight; (v) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 metres, a
28、 diamond shape where it can best be seen.,拖带或顶推,Rule 24 Towing and Pushing (b) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are rigidly connected in a composite unit they shall be regarded as a power-driven vessel and exhibit the lights prescribed in Rule 23. (c) A power-driven vessel when
29、pushing ahead or towing alongside, except in the case of a composite unit, shall exhibit: (i) instead of the light prescribed in Rule 23(a)(i) or (a)(ii), two masthead lights in a vertical line; (ii) sidelights; (iii) a sternlight.,拖带或顶推,Rule 24 Towing and Pushing (d) A power-driven vessel to which
30、paragraph (a) or (c) of this Rule applies shall also comply with Rule 23(a)(ii). (e) A vessel or object being towed, other than those mentioned in paragraph (g) of this Rule, shall exhibit: (i) sidelights; (ii) a sternlight; (iii) when the length of the tow exceeds 200 metres, a diamond shape where
31、it can best be seen.,拖带或顶推,Rule 24 Towing and Pushing (f) Provided that any number of vessels being towed alongside or pushed in a group shall be lighted as one vessel, (i) a vessel being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit, shall exhibit at the forward end, sidelights; (ii) a vessel be
32、ing towed alongside shall exhibit a sternlight and at the forward end, sidelights.,拖带或顶推,Rule 24 Towing and Pushing (g) An inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel or object, or combination of such vessels or objects being towed, shall exhibit: (i) if it is less than 25 metres in breadth, one all-roun
33、d white light at or near the forward end and one at or near the after end except that dracones need not exhibit a light at or near the forward end; (ii) if it is 25 metres or more in breadth, two additional all-round white lights at or near the extremities of its breadth; (iii) if it exceeds 100 met
34、res in length, additional all-round white lights between the lights prescribed in sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii) so that the distance between the lights shall not exceed 100 metres; (iv) a diamond shape at or near the after most extremity of the last vessel or object being towed and if the length of th
35、e tow exceeds 200 metres an additional diamond shape where it can best be seen and located as far forward as is practicable.,拖带或顶推,Rule 24 Towing and Pushing (h) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel or object being towed to exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed in parag
36、raph (e) or (g) of this Rule, all possible measures shall be taken to light the vessel or object towed or at least to indicate the presence of such vessel or object. (i) Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel not normally engaged in towing operations to display the lights p
37、rescribed in paragraph (a) or (c) of this Rule, such vessel shall not be required to exhibit those lights when engaged in towing another vessel in distress or otherwise in need of assistance. All possible measures shall be taken to indicate the nature of the relationship between the towing vessel an
38、d the vessel being towed as authorized by Rule 36, in particular by illuminating the towline.,拖带或顶推,第 二 十 四 条 拖带和顶推 1机动船当拖带时应显示： （1）垂直两盏桅灯，以取代第二十三条1款（1）项或1款（2）项规定的号灯。当从拖船船尾量到被拖物体后端的拖带长度超过200米时，垂直显示三盏这样的号灯； （2）两盏舷灯； （3）一盏尾灯； （4）一盏拖带灯垂直于尾灯的上方； （5）当拖带长度超过200米时，在最易见处显示一个菱形体号型。,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带
39、或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,2当一顶推船和一被顶推船牢固地连接成为一组合体时，则应作为一艘机动船，显示第二十三条规定的号灯。 3机动船当顶推或旁拖时，除组合体外，应显示： （1）垂直两盏桅灯，以取代第二十三条1款（1）项或1款（2）项规定的号灯； （2）两盏舷灯； （3）一盏尾灯。 4. 适用本条1或3款的机动船，还应遵守第二十三条1款（2）项的规定。,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,5. 除本条
40、7款所述者外，一艘被拖船或被拖物体应显示： （1）两盏舷灯； （2）一盏尾灯； （3）当拖带长度超过200米时，在最易见处显示一个菱形体号型。 6任何数目的船舶如作为一组被旁拖或顶推时，应作为一艘船来显示号灯： （1）一艘被顶推船，但不是组合体的组成部分，应在前端显示两盏舷灯； （2）一艘被旁拖的船应显示一盏尾灯，并在前端显示两盏舷灯。,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,拖带或顶推,7一艘不易觉察的、部分淹没的被拖船或物体或者这类船舶或物体的组合体应显示： （1）除弹性拖曳体不需要在前端或接近前端处显示灯光外，如宽度小于25米，在前后两端或接近前后两端处各显示一盏环照白灯； （2
41、）如宽度为25米或25米以上时，在两侧最宽处或接近最宽处，另加两盏环照灯； （3）如长度超过100米，在（1）和（2）项规定的号灯之间，另加若干环照白灯，使得这些灯之间的距离不超过100米； （4）在最后一艘被拖船或物体的末端或接近末端处，显示一个菱形体号型，如果拖带长度超过200米时，在尽可能前部的最易见处另加一个菱形体号型。,拖带或顶推,8凡由于任何充分理由，被拖船舶或物体不可能显示本条5或7款规定的号灯或号型时应采取一切可能的措施使被拖船舶或物体上有灯光，或至少能表明这种船舶或物体的存在。 9凡由于任何充分理由，使得一艘通常不从事拖带作业的船不可能按本条1或3款的规定显示号灯，这种船舶在
42、从事拖带另一艘遇险或需要救助的船时，就不要求显示这些号灯。但应采取如第三十六条所准许的一切可能措施来表明拖带船与被拖带船之间关系的性质，尤其应将拖缆照亮。,在航帆船和划桨船,Rule 25 Sailing Vessels underway and Vessels under Oars (a) A sailing vessel underway shall exhibit: (i) sidelights; (ii) a sternlight. (b) In a sailing vessel of less than 20 metres in length the lights prescribe
43、d in paragraph (a) of this Rule may be combined in one lantern carried at or near the top of the mast where it can best be seen. (c) A sailing vessel underway may, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit at or near the top of the mast, where they can best be seen,
44、 two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower green, but these lights shall not be exhibited in conjunction with the combined lantern permitted by paragraph (b) of this Rule. (d) (i) A sailing vessel of less than 7 metres in length shall, if practicable, exhibit the lig
45、hts prescribed in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Rule, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision. () A vessel under oars may exhibit the lights prescribed in this Rule fo
46、r sailing vessels, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision. (e) A vessel proceeding under sail when also being propelled by machinery shall exhibit forward where it c
47、an best be seen a conical shape, apex down wards.,在航帆船和划桨船,Rule 25 Sailing Vessels underway and Vessels under Oars (a) A sailing vessel underway shall exhibit: (i) sidelights; (ii) a sternlight. (b) In a sailing vessel of less than 20 metres in length the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this R
48、ule may be combined in one lantern carried at or near the top of the mast where it can best be seen.,在航帆船和划桨船,Rule 25 Sailing Vessels underway and Vessels under Oars (c) A sailing vessel underway may, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit at or near the top of t
49、he mast, where they can best be seen, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower green, but these lights shall not be exhibited in conjunction with the combined lantern permitted by paragraph (b) of this Rule.,在航帆船和划桨船,Rule 25 Sailing Vessels underway and Vessels unde
50、r Oars (d) (i) A sailing vessel of less than 7 metres in length shall, if practicable, exhibit the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Rule, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision. () A vessel under oars may exhibit the lights prescribed in this Rule for sailing vessels, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision.,
