1、中医术语翻译总结中医学 Traditional Chinese medicine方剂学 Formula study 中医基础理论 Basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine 中医诊断学 Diagnostics of traditional Chinese medicine 天人相应 Correspondence between nature and human天人合一 Harmony between man and nature表邪入里 exterior pathogen entering the interior；肝气犯胃 liver qi in
2、vading stomach祛风除湿 dispelling wind and eliminating dampness；消肿止痛 dispersing swelling and relieving pain阴阳学说 yin-yang theory阴阳交感 interaction of yin and yang阴阳对立 opposition of yin and yang阴阳互根 mutual rooting of yin-yang 阴阳消长 waxing and waning of yin and yang五行学说 five phase theory(五行相) 生 （mutual ） enge
3、ndering (of five phases(五行相) 克 Restraining of five phases(五行相) 乘 Overwhelming of five phases(五行相) 侮 rebellion of five phases亢害承制 harmful hyperactivity checked for harmony 木曰曲直 Wood bending and straightening火曰炎上 Fire flaring up 土爰稼穑 Earth sowing and reaping 金曰从革 Metal clearing and changing 水曰润下 Water
4、 moistening and descending气虚 Qi deficiency气机失调 Qi movement disorder 气机郁滞 qi movement stagnation气滞 Qi stagnation 气陷 Qi fall/sinking气逆 Qi counterflow气闭 Qi block气脱 Qi collapse十二正经 Twelve (main/principal) meridians 十二经别 Twelve divergent meridians/meridian divergences 十二经筋 Twelve meridian sinews 十二皮部 Twe
5、lve cutaneous regions 奇经八脉 Eight extra meridians 十五络脉 Fifteen collateral vessels 孙络 tertiary collaterals 浮络 Superficial collaterals 阳明 Yang brightness 太阳 Greater yang少阳 Lesser yang太阴 Greater yin少阴 Lesser yin厥阴 Reverting yin督脉 Governor vessel 任脉 Conception vessel 冲脉 Thoroughfare vessel 带脉 Belt vessel
6、 阴跷脉 Yin heel vessel阳跷脉 Yang heel vessel阴维脉 Yin link vessel阳维 Yang link vessel病因 Cause of disease病机 Mechanism of disease疾病 Disease外感 external contraction六淫 six excesses疠气 epidemic pathogen七情 seven emotions内伤 internal damage饮食不节 dietary irregularities劳逸失度 excessive activity外因 External cause内因 Interna
7、l cause不内外因 cause neither internal nor external外邪 external pathogen时邪 seasonal pathogen合邪 combined pathogen肝阳化风 Liver yang transforming into wind热极生风 Extreme heat engendering wind 阴虚内热 yin deficiency with internal heat 阴虚火旺 Yin deficiency with effulgent fire五志(气) 化火 five elements transforming into f
8、ire虚中夹实 deficiency with excess complication表虚里实 exterior deficiency and interior excess上虚下实 upper deficiency and lower excess阴阳偏盛 abnormal exuberance阴阳偏衰 abnormal debilitation阴阳互损 mutual detriment阴阳转化 conversion阴阳格拒 repulsion亡阴 yin collapse亡阳 yang collapse阴阳失调 yin-yang disharmony阴阳两虚 dual deficiency
9、 of yin and yang阴虚内热 yin deficiency with internal heat阴虚阳亢 yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity阴盛格阳 exuberant yin repelling yang阳损及阴 detriment to yang affecting yin阴虚湿热 yin deficiency and dampness-heat阴虚血瘀 yin deficiency and blood stasis阳虚寒凝 yang deficiency with congealing cold阳虚水泛 yang deficiency
10、 with water flood清阳不升 clear yang failing to ascend阳竭阴脱 yin exhaustion and yang collapse半表半里 half-exterior half-interior表寒 Exterior cold表热 Exterior heat表虚 exterior deficiency表实 exterior excess风寒束表 wind-cold fettering the exterior风热犯表 wind-heat invading the exterior暑湿袭表 summer-heat dampness assailing
11、the exterior卫表不固 defense-exterior insecurity表里俱寒 dual exterior and interior cold表寒里热 exterior cold and interior heat寒包火 Cold enveloping fire寒热错杂 cold-heat complex上热下寒 upper heat and lower cold真寒假热 true cold with false heat热极生风 extreme heat engendering wind虚实夹杂 deficiency-excess complex真实假虚 true exce
12、ss with false deficiency外燥 external dryness温燥 warm dryness实火 excess fire食积 food accumulation虚火上炎 deficiency fire flaming upward痰气互结 binding of phlegm and qi痰热内闭 internal block of phlegm-heat血瘀水停 blood stasis with water retention寒湿内阻 internal obstruction of cold-dampness寒凝血瘀 congealing cold with bloo
13、d stasis湿热下注 dampness-heat pouring downward火毒内陷 inward invasion of fire toxin气机失调 disordered qi movement气机不利 inhibited qi movement气机郁滞 stagnant qi movement气郁化火 depressed qi transforming into fire寒凝气滞 congealing cold with qi stagnation中气下陷 sunken middle qi 气虚发热 qi deficiency fever气虚湿阻 qi deficiency w
14、ith dampness obstruction气虚外感 qi deficiency with external contraction气阴两虚 dual deficiency of qi and yin气虚血瘀 qi deficiency with blood stasis气滞血瘀 qi stagnation and blood stasis津液亏虚 fluid-humor deficiency气滞水停 qi stagnation with water retention饮停胸胁 fluid retention in the chest and hypochondrium心气虚 heart
15、qi deficiency心火上炎 heart fire flaming upward热扰心神 heat harassing the heart spirit心移热小肠 transmission of heart heat to the small intestine痰火扰心 phlegm-fire harassing the heart水气凌心 water qi intimidating the heart风寒袭肺 wind-cold assailing the lung风寒束肺 wind-cold fettering the lung肺热炽盛 intense lung heat patte
16、rn/syndrome痰热闭肺 phlegm- heat obstructing the lung痰浊阻肺 phlegm turbidity obstructing the lung暑伤肺络 summerheat damaging the lung vessel脾失健运 spleen failing in transportation脾阳亏虚/不足 spleen yang deficiency脾不统血 spleen failing to control the blood脾虚湿困 spleen deficiency with dampness encumbrance/accumulation脾
17、胃不和 spleen-stomach disharmony肠热腑实 intestinal heat and bowel excess大肠湿热 large intestinal dampness-heat肝郁气滞 liver depression and qi stagnation肝火上炎 liver fire flaming upward肝阳上亢 ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang肝经湿热 dampness-heat in the liver meridian肾不纳气 kidney failing to receive qi太阳病 greater yan
18、g disease太阳经证 greater yang meridian pattern太阳伤寒证 greater yang cold damage pattern太阳蓄水证 greater yang water retention pattern阳明病 yang brightness disease阳明经证 yang brightness meridian pattern阳明腑证 yang brightness bowel pattern阳明腑实证 Yang brightness bowel excess pattern阳明病 yang brightness disease阳明经证 yang
19、brightness meridian pattern阳明腑证 yang brightness bowel pattern阳明腑实证 Yang brightness bowel excess pattern少阴寒化 lesser yin cold transformation少阴热化 lesser yin heat transformation太阳蓄血 greater yang blood amassment热入血室 heat entering blood chamber卫气同病 both defense-qi aspects disease气营两燔 dual blaze of qi nutr
20、ient aspects热入营血 heat entering nutrient-blood aspects热闭心包 Heat blocking the pericardium邪伏膜原 pathogen hidden in the pleurodiaphragmatic interspace湿热瘀阻气机 dampness-heat obstructing qi movement湿重于热 dampness predominating over heat湿热浸淫 spreading dampness heat痰 Phlegm 湿 Dampness 饮 fluid retention 精气 Essen
21、tial qi 元气 source qi宗气 ancestral qi营气 nutrient qi卫气 defense qi肝 liver心 heart脾 spleen肺 lung肾 kidney望诊 Inspection闻 listening&smelling问 inquiry切 palpation解表 release the exterior解肌 release the flesh透表 outthrust through the exterior祛风 dispel wind疏风 disperse wind散寒 dissipate cold宣肺 Diffuse the lung润燥 mois
22、ten dryness清热 clear heat泻火 purge fire泄热 discharge heat降火 downbear fire发汗解表 promote sweating to release the exterior辛温解表 release the exterior with pungent-warm辛凉解表 release the exterior with pungent-cool解肌祛风 Release the flesh and dispel wind清热生津 clear heat and engender fluid清热利湿 clear heat and drain d
23、ampness清气凉营 clear the qi aspect and cool the nutrient aspect透营转气 expel from the nutrient aspect through the qi aspect清热生津 clear heat and engender fluid清热利湿 clear heat and drain dampness清气凉营 clear the qi aspect and cool the nutrient aspect透营转气 expel from the nutrient aspect through the qi aspect寒下 Co
24、ld purgation 温下 Warm purgation 峻下 Drastic purgation轻下 Mild purgation 缓下 Laxation 润下 Lubricant laxation润肠通便 moisten the intestines and relax the bowels泻下软坚 soften hardness with purgation泻下攻积 remove accumulation with purgation泻下逐水 expel water by purgation泻下逐饮 expel retained fluid by purgation温下寒积 remo
25、ve cold accumulation with warm purgation增液润肠 increase humor to relax bowels调和气血 harmonize qi and blood调和营卫 harmonize the nutrient and defense理气 regulate qi行气 move qi调和脾胃 harmonize the spleen and stomach调和肝脾 harmonize the liver and spleen和解表里 harmonize and release the exterior and interior和解少阳 harmon
26、ize and release the lesser yang心肾不交证 heart-kidney noninteraction pattern交通心肾 coordinate the heart and kidney邪伏膜原 pathogen hidden in the pleurodiaphragmatic interspace开达膜原 open onto the pleurodiaphragmatic interspace清热除湿 clear heat and eliminate dampness散寒祛湿 dissipate cold and dispel dampness 清热化湿 cl
27、ear heat and resolve dampness芳香化湿 resolve dampness with aroma苦温燥湿 dry dampness with bitter-warm淡渗利湿 drain dampness with bland利水消肿 induce diuresis to alleviate edema清热化痰 Clear heat and resolve phlegm降逆止咳平喘 Downbear counterflow / to suppress cough and to calm panting清肺 clear润肺 moisten敛肺 constrain泻肺 pu
28、rge温里散寒 warm the interior to dissipate cold温中和胃 warm the middle and harmonize the stomach温阳行水 warm yang to move water温经止痛 warm the meridian to relieve pain行气止痛 move qi to relieve pain疏肝理气 soothe the liver and regulate qi降逆止呕 Direct qi downward to relieve vomitting凉血 cool the blood止血 stop bleeding活血
29、activate blood散瘀 dissipate stasis化瘀 resolve stasis破瘀 expel stasis通经 unblock the meridian活络 activate collaterals通络 free the collateral vessels补益气血 tonify qi and replenish blood健脾开胃 fortify the spleen and invigorate the stomach补肾益气 tonify the kidney and replenish qi滋阴补阳 enrich yin and tonify yang针灸 Ac
30、upuncture & Moxibustion毫针 filiform needle提插捻转法 lifting-thrusting&twirling method中药 Chinese Medicinal草药 Herbs/herbal drug本草 materia medica药材 medicinal material药味 flavor of medicinals药性 Nature/properties of medicinals四气五味 Four Qi and five flavors升降浮沉 upbearing Downbearing floating sinking归经 meridian e
31、ntry道地药材 authentic medicinal炮制 Herbal Processing 中药炮制 processing of medicinals相須 mutual reinforcement 相使 mutual assistance相畏 mutual restraint 相殺 mutual suppression 相惡 mutual inhibition相反 antagonism解表药 exterior-releasing medicinal发散风寒药 wind-cold-dispersing medicinal辛温解表药 pungent-warm exterior-releasi
32、ng medicinal清热药 Heat-clearing medicinal清热泻火药 heat-clearing and fire-purging medicinal清热燥湿药 Heat-clearing and dampness-drying medicinal泻下药 purgative medicinal 攻下药 offensive purgative medicinal温下药 warm purgative medicinal润下药 laxative (medicinal)峻下逐水药 drastic (purgative) water-expelling medicinal祛风药 wi
33、nd-dampness dispelling medicinal祛风湿散寒药 wind-dampness dispelling and cold dispersing medicinal祛风湿清热药 wind-dampness dispelling and heat clearing medicinal化湿药 dampness-resolving medicinal利水渗湿药 dampness-draining diuretic medicinal利水消肿药 water-draining and swelling-dispersing利尿通淋药 strangury-relieving diur
34、etic medicinal利湿退黄药 dampness-draining anti-icteric medicinal温里药 interior-warming medicinal理气药 qi-regulating medicinal消食药 digestant medicinal祛虫药 worm-expelling medicinal止血药 Hemostatic (medicinal)凉血止血藥 blood-cooling hemostatic medicinal化瘀止血药 stasis-resolving hemostatic medicinal收敛止血药 astringent hemost
35、atic medicinal温经止血药 meridian-warming hemostatic medicinal活血化瘀药 blood-activating and stasis-resolving medicinal活血祛瘀药 blood-activating and stasis-dispelling medicinal活血药 blood-activating medicinal化瘀药 stasis-resolving medicinal活血止痛药 blood-activating analgesic medicinal活血行气药 blood-activating and qi-movi
36、ng medicinal活血调经药 blood-activating menstruation regulating medicinal破血消徵药 blood-breaking mass eliminating medicinal重镇安神药 settling tranquillizing medicinal养心安神药 heart-nourishing tranquillizing medicinal止咳平喘药 cough-suppressing and panting-calming medicinal平肝熄风药 liver-pacifying and wind-extinguishing m
37、edicinal开窍药 orifice-opening medicinal补益药 tonifying and replenishing medicinal补气药 qi-tonifying medicinal补阳药 yang-tonifying medicinal补肾药 kidney yang-tonifying medicinal补血药 blood-tonifying medicinal补肝药 Liver-emolliating medicinal补阴药 yin-tonifying medicinal收涩药 astringent medicinal固表止汗药 exterior-securing
38、 anhidrotic medicinal敛汗固表药 sweat-constraining exterior-securing medicinal清热收涩药 heat-clearing astringent medicinal敛肺涩肠药 lung-intestine astringent medicinal催吐药 emetic medicinal消散药 resolving medicinal经方 classic formula理法方药 principles methods formulas and medicinals君臣佐使 sovereign minister assistant and
39、courier汤 Decoction丸 Pill散 Powder膏 Paste浸膏 Extract软膏 Ointment膏药 Plaster药酒 Medicated wine丹 Pellet解表剂 Exterior-releasing formula涌吐剂 Emtic formula攻里剂 Interior-attacking formula和解剂 Harmonizing and releasing formula理气剂 Qi-regulating formula理血剂 Blood-regulating formula祛风剂 Wind-dispelling formula攻下剂 Purgati
40、ve formula温补剂 Warm-tonifying formula清暑剂 Summer-heat clearing formula利湿剂 dampness-draining formula治燥剂 Dryness-treating formula清热剂 Heat-clearing formula泻火剂 Fire-reducing formula祛痰剂 Phlegm-dispelling formula消食剂 Digestant formula安神剂 Tranquilizing formula固涩剂 Securing and astringent formula yin-yang disharmony dual deficiency of yin and yang yin deficiency with internal heat yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity 阴阳失调 阴阳两虚 阴虚内热 阴虚阳亢
