1、中医英语术语翻译重点天人相应 Correspondence of human body and natural environment辨证论治 treatment based onsyndrome differentiation针灸 acupuncture and moxibustion寒凉药物 herbs cold and cool in nature滋阴降火 nourishing yin and reducing fire整体观念 concept of holism开窍(of the five zang-organs) open into生长化收藏 sprout, grow, transf
2、orm, ripen and store同病异治 different therapeutic methods used to treat the same disease异病同治 same therapeutic method used to treating different diseases从阴引阳 drawing yang from yin阴平阳秘 balance of yin and yang寒极生热 extreme cold generating heat热极生寒 extreme heat gernerating cold病机总纲 general rule of pathogene
3、sis祛风散寒 eliminating wind and dispersing cold实则泻之 treating excess syndromes with reduction虚寒证 deficiency cold syndrome实热症 excess heat syndrome潜阳熄风 suppressing yang and eliminating wind补其不足 supplement insufficiency泻其有余 reduce excess五行学说 the theory of five elements木曰曲直 wood characterized by bending and
4、 straightening火曰炎上 fire characterized by flaring up土爰稼穑 earth characterized by sowing and reaping金曰从革 metal characterized by clearing and changing水曰润下 water characterized by moistening and descending母病及子 illness of mother viscera affecting the child one子病及母 illness of child viscera affecting the mot
5、her one相乘相侮 over restriction and counter-restriction心火亢盛 exuberant fire in the heart肾阳式微 declination of kidney yang平肝和胃 soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach水火不济 between water and fire奇恒之腑 extraordinary fu-organs藏象学说 the theory of visceral manifestation藏而不泻 storage without discharge泻而不藏 dis
6、charge without storage形体诸窍 physical build and various orifices其华在面 the luster manifesting upon the face满而不实 full but not to be solid实而不满 solid but not to be full心主血脉 heart governing blood and vessels肺司呼吸 lung controlling breathing脾主运化 spleen governing transportation and transformation肝主疏泄 liver cont
7、rolling conveyance and dispersion肾主藏精 kidney governing storing essence面色无华 lusterless complexion汗血同源 sweat and blood sharing the same origin升降出入 ascending, descending, going out and going in宣发肃降 dispersion, purification and descent后天之本 acquired base of life肝气逆上 upward adverse flow of liver qi先天之精 in
8、nate essence奇恒之腑 extraordinary fu-organs孤俯 isolated fu-organ腐熟水谷 digest water and food七冲门 the seven important portals胆主决断 The gallbladder is responsible for making judgment泌别清浊 separating the lucid from the turbid大肠主津 The large intestine governs thin body fluid小肠主液 The small intestine governs thick
9、body fluid先天禀赋 innateness温养腑脏 warming and nourishing the viscera津血同源 body fluid and blood sharing the same origin气为血帅，血为气母 Qi commands the blood and the blood carries qi.益气固脱 nourishing qi to stop collapse奇经八脉 eight extraordinary vessels十二经筋 tendons of the twelve regular meridians舒经活络 soothing merid
10、ians and activating collaterals刺络拔罐 collateral pricking and cupping therapy腠理闭塞 stagnation of interstitial space湿邪困脾 pathogenic dampness obstructing the spleen外感六淫 six excesses pathogenic factors饮食劳倦 mproper diet and overstrain阳常有余，阴常不足 Yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient.四大经
11、典 Four GreatClassic:Huangdi s Canon of Medicine 黄帝内经Classic of Difficulties 难经Shennong s Classic of Materia Medica 神农本草经Rreatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases 伤寒杂病论四气 four properties:cold,hot,warm,cool五味 five flavors:sour,bitter,sweet,pungent,salty(中药)七情 seven conditions of ingredients i
12、n prescriptionsSingle effect,mutual reinforcement,mutual assistance,mutual restraint,mutual inhibition,mutual antagonism,mutual suppression寒凉派 Liu Wansu-School of Cold and Cool攻下派 Zhang Congzheng-School of Purgation补土派 Li Gao-School of Reinforcing the Earth滋阴派 Zhu Zhenheng-School of Nourishing Yin辛温
13、中药 herbs pungent in taste and warm in nature辛凉中药 herbs pungent in taste and cool in narure向日为阳，背日为阴 The side facing the sun belongs to yang and the reverse side to yin,血液常行的前提条件：心气充沛，血液充盈，脉道通利Normal circulation of blood:abundance of heart qi,sufficiency of blood,vessels are prerequisite.四气；元气 primor
14、dial qi，宗气 pectoral qi，营气 nutrient qi，卫气 defensive qi内生五邪；内风，内寒，内湿，内燥，内火Five internal excesses;internal wind.internal cold,internal dampness,inrenal dryness,internal fire内伤七情 Internal injury due to seven emotions;joy,anger,anxiety,thought,sorrow,fear,fright怒则气上，喜则气缓，悲则气消，恐则气下，惊则气乱。思则气结;excessive ang
15、er drives qi to flow upward,excessive joy makes qi sluggish,excessive sorrow consumes qi,excessive fear drives qi to flow downward,excessive fright disorders qi,excessive thought stagnates qi,六淫：风寒暑湿燥火 wind,cold,summerheat,dampness,dryness,fire阴阳关系：oppose each other,depend on each other,wane and wax
16、 between each other,transform between each other.五行特征：generation,restriction,subjugation,counter-restriction.气的功能：promoting,warming,defending,consolidating,transforming气血关系：qi generates blood,qi propels blood,qi commands blood to circulate inside vessels to avoid bleeding,blood generates qi,blood ca
17、rries qi.气与体液的关系：qi generates body fluid,qi promotes the flow of body fluid,qi controls body fluid,body fluid carries qi,body fluid generates qi.气冲门分类：飞门 flying portal（唇 lips）户门 house portal（齿 teeth）吸门inhaling portal（会厌 epiglottis）贲门 cardia（胃上口 upper oppening of the stomach）幽门 pylorus（胃下口 lower open
18、ing of the stomach）阑门 railing portal（小肠下口与大肠上口连接处 conjunction of the large intestine and small intestine）魄门 corporeal soul portal（肛门 anus）精气为满，水谷为实。五藏但藏精气，故满而不实；六腑则不藏精气，但受水谷，故实而不能满也。essence is characterized by fullness and food by solidness.since the five zang organs only store essence,they can just be full,but not solid;the function of six fu organs is to receive food but not to store essence,they can only be solid but not full.
