1、初中英语语法专项冠 词,中考对冠词的考查主要为：1. 冠词的基本用法；2. 不用冠词 的情况；3. 习惯用语中冠词的位置及使用。.冠词的定义冠词是虚词。通常放在名词之前，用来说明名词所表示的人或事物。冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两类。,要点梳理,.冠词的用法1不定冠词a, an的用法(1)不定冠词表泛指单数的某人或某物。(2)不定冠词a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前； 不定冠词an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。口诀：听其音，忘其形如：a useful book; a desk; an old man; an actor; an “m”。(3)第一次提到某人或某物而非特指时。如：There
2、 is a book on the desk, but the book isnt mine.,(4)表示人或事物的某一类。如：An elephant is bigger than a tiger.(5)用于表时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，有“每一”的意思，相当于every。如： three times a week.(6)某些固定短语与不定冠词有搭配关系。如：have a good time; a few; a little; half an hour等。,2定冠词the的用法(1)定冠词the, 用来特指某人或某物， 双方都知道的人或物的名词前， 或用于第二次提到的某人或某物。Open
3、 the door, please.There is a kite on the wall. The kite is new.(2)表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前（如天体）the sun; the moon; the earth; the sky(3)用在序数词或形容词最高级前。如：March is the third month of a year.He is the cleverest boy in his class.(4)用在某些形容词前， 表示一类人。如：the rich; the poor; the young; the old等。,(5)用在乐器名词前（西洋乐器）。如：play
4、 the violin(6)用在表示方位的名词前。如：in the east/north/west/south(7)用在表示山脉、海洋、江河、湖泊、群岛、建筑物、名胜古迹等专有名词前。如：the Yellow River; the Great Wall; the West Lake; the White House等。(8)用在姓氏复数前，表示一家人或一个家庭。如：the Greens; the Whites等。(9)用于一些固定搭配中。如：look the same; in the end; in the afternoon等。,3不用冠词的情况(1)有些专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词前一般不
5、用冠词。如： China; Japanese; milk; love等。(2)名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等代词时，不用冠词 如：This is my ruler.(3)复数名词表示一类人或事物时， 不用冠词。如：They are teachers.(4) 表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。 如：I dont feel well today, manager.,(5)一日三餐、球类活动、学科名词前。I have lunch at home.He often plays soccer after
6、 class.Science is my favorite subject.(6)在节日、星期、月份、季节等名词前。如：Teachers Day; Mothers Day; on Monday; in May; in summer等。(7)在某些固定搭配里， 名词之前常不用冠词。如：by bus; on foot; at home; at night; go to school; from morning till night等。,感悟中考,【例1】 (2013上海)My mother is _ English teacher in No. 2 Middle School. A. a B. t
7、heC. an D. /解析：本题考查不定冠词的用法。以元 音音素开头的单词前要用不定冠词an， 故选C。,C,【例2】 (2013河北)She learned to play _ piano all by herself.A. a B. anC. the D. 不填解析： 本题考查定冠词的用法。 在乐器名词前要用定冠词the。故选C。,C,【例3】 (2013嘉兴、舟山)Whos that lovely girl?You mean _ girl with long hair? Thats Kate. A. a B. anC. the D. 不填解析：本题考查定冠词的用法。在特指的名词前用定冠
8、词。根据句意“那长头发的女孩”，因此girl 前用the。故选C。,C,【例4】 (2013丽水)Many people think that 2012 is one of _ most successful films. A. a B. anC. the D. 不填解析：本题考查定冠词的用法。形容词最高级前面要用定冠词the。故选C。,C,【例5】 (2013杭州)Do you enjoy your stay in Hangzhou? Yes. Ive had _ wonderful time. A. / B. aC. the D. an解析：本题考查固定短语与不定冠词搭配的关系。have
9、a wonderful time玩的高兴。故选B。,B,【例6】 (2013衢州)Justin Bieber is _ Canadian singer and he has lots of fans. A. a B. anC. the D. 不填解析：本题考查不定冠词与定冠词的区别。根据题意Justin Bieber是一个加拿大歌手，应用不定冠词表泛指，Canadian以辅音音素开头须用a。故选A。,A,【例7】 (2013厦门)Lily is _ active girl and she is fond of playing _ volleyball.A. an; a B. a; theC.
10、an；/ D. a；/解析： 本题考查不定冠词及不用冠词的情况。根据句意“Lily 是一个活泼的女孩”，应用表泛指的不定冠词，且active以元音开头，则选an；球类活动前不用冠词，故选C。,an,/,.单项选择 ( )1. English is _ international language. A. a B. an C/ D. the 解析：考查冠词。language 是可数名词；international是以元音音素开头的单词。不定冠词an在这里指事物某一类。,领悟语法,B,( )2. We usually go to _ school on weekdays, and sometime
11、s go to _ cinema at weekends. A. 不填；the B. the; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填解析：考查冠词。go to school 固定用法, go to a/the cinema 也是固定用法，a/the cinema 表示一类事物。,A,( )3. We will see _ even stronger China in _near future. A. a; the B. an; theC. the; a D. an; a解析：考查冠词in the near future“在不久的将来”是个固定搭配；even是以元音因素开头的词，故选B
12、。,B,( )4. What are you going to be when you grow up, Sam? _ teacher like you. A. A B. An C. The D/解析：考查冠词。a 修饰以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词；an修饰以元音音素开头的单数可数名词。the表特指。句意为“你长大了打算干什么？”“像你一样做一位老师。”故选A。,A,( )5. Look at _ skirt. I bought it for mother on Mothers Day, isnt it nice? Oh, what _ nice present！ A. a; a B. a;
13、the C. the; a Da; 不填解析：考查冠词。特指这条裙子用冠词the; 感叹句中只能用不定冠词不能用定冠词。,C,( )6. This novel can make you laugh and cry at _ same time. A. a B. an C. the D. /解析：考查固定短语。at the same time意为“同时”，该句意为“这本小说能同时让你笑和哭”。故选C。,C,( )7. Lets have _ break; I want to make _ telephone call. A. a; a B. a; theC. the; a D. the; the
14、解析：考查固定短语的构成。have a break是固定搭配，意为“休息一下”；make a telephone call也是固定搭配，意为“打电话”。故选A。,A,( )8. _ are planning to go on vacation. A. Blacks B. A Blacks C. The Blacks D. The Blacks解析：考查冠词。the加姓的复数形式表示“一家人”。,D,( )9. How long does it take us to go to your hometown from here?It takes us _ hour or more to go to
15、 my hometown by _ train. A. an; a B. a ; anC. an；/ D. a；/解析：考查冠词。hour au第一个 字母h不发音，所以一小时应用an hour; by 介词，当交通工具前无修饰词时，用介词by且名词前不用冠词。,C,( )10. Which of the following phonetic transcription(音标) is right for the phrase “the egg”？ A. / eg/ B. /i eg/ C. /i eg/ D. /di eg/解析：考查定冠词。定冠词the在元音因素前发i而不发。e是元音，故选B。,B,
