1、第 6 讲 介词和连词,20092011 年广东省卷考点一览表,一、用适当的介词或连词填空1How are you going to the train station?,Im going there _ bus.,by,2 There is a bridge _ the river.We can cross the river,over,easily.3Hangzhou is famous _ the West Lake.,for,4There are many people doing exercise _ the park.,in,5 Could you tell me if there
2、 is a flight to the capital _,March 25th?,on,6We all agree _ you.Lets start at once.,with,7There is a big shop _ the other side of the road.,on,8You should take more exercise.Its good _ your health.,9It is clear that fish cannot live _ water.,without,10 The fans were _ excited _ they cried when they
3、,saw Jay.,so,that,11_ they are brothers, they dont look like,each other at all.,Although/Though,12The dress was too expensive, _ I didnt buy it.,so,13Study hard, _ you will fall behind.,or,14 You cant learn English well _ you put your heart,into it.,unless,for,but,15Physics is not so easy, _ I like
4、it very much.16Is David at school today?,No.He is at home _ he has a bad cold.17_ we got home it was very late.,18Study hard, _ you are sure to have a good result in,the exam.,and,19Please take a bath _ you go to bed.,before,20 The twins have learned a lot _ they came to China.,because,When,since,二、
5、翻译下列短语,1和(两者)都 _,both.and.,2不仅而且 _,3既不也不 _4或者或者_,either.or.,5如此以致 _6为了,以便 _,7直到才 _8虽然,即使 _9一就 _,not only.but also.,neither.nor.,so/such.that.,so that/in order that,not.until.,even though/if,as soon as,10似乎,仿佛 _11代替,而不是 _12在的前面 _13在和之间 _14在的对面 _,15在某人去的路上 _,as if/though,instead of,in front of,between
6、.and.,across from,on ones way to,介,词,介词的基本用法1介词在句中一般不能单独使用,必须和它的宾语即后面的名词、代词等构成介词短语,才能在句中作状语、表语、定语、补语等。如:He is from Africa.他来自非洲。(作表语)Let me tell you something about him.让我告诉你关于他的一些事情。(作定语)We went there by train.我们乘火车去那里。(作方式状语),2介词后面一般接名词、动名词(动词的现在分词)或(宾格,/名词性物主)代词。如:,We cant live without water.,没有水
7、我们不能生存。(后接名词),I study English by listening to tapes.,我通过听磁带学习英语。(后接动名词、名词),We all went there except him.,除了他没去,我们都去了。(后接宾格代词),My chair is made of wood.What about yours?,我的椅子是木制的。你的呢?(后接名词、名词性物主代词),表示时间的 in, on, at, by, before, after, for, since,from,续表,注意:(1)“after 时间段”与“时间段later”可互换。,如:,He came bac
8、k after an hour.,He came back an hour later.他一小时后就回来了。,(2)ago 是副词,意为“以前”,表示从现在起到过去某一时间点之间的一段时间。与 before 不同,它不能与表示时间点的状语连用,只能与表示时间段的状语连用,放在表示时间段的名词之后,一般只与过去时态连用。如:I met him three years ago.我三年前见过他。,表示地点和方位的 in, at, on, to,表示方位的 above, over, below, under,续表,表示方位的 in front of, in the front of,between 和
9、 among 的区别,between 用 于 两 者 之 间 , 常 和 and 连 用 , 构 成 短 语“between.and.”,表示“在和之间”。among 则用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间。如:,They planted a lot of trees between the two buildings.他们在两座建筑物之间栽了许多树。,Tom has always been popular among his classmates.汤姆在他的同学中一直很受欢迎。,across, through 和 past 表示“穿过”的区别,1across 表示从物体的表面或某一平面“横穿”,
10、如过马,路、过桥等。如:,go across the street/road/bridge/square/river,穿过街道/公路/桥/广场/河流,注意:go/walk across 相当于 cross (动词,意为“越过,横,过”)。,2through 表示从物体内部或某一空间内“穿过”,如穿,过村庄、森林等。如:,through the door/gate/window/jungle/forest/village/park/Sixth,Avenue 穿过门/大门/窗户/丛林/森林/村庄/公园/第六林荫道3past 强调从某物体的一旁“经过”,相当于 by。如:,Our bus drove
11、 past the museum.,我们乘坐的公共汽车经过了博物馆。,in, on, with 和 by 表示方式或手段的区别,by,表示用某种方法、手段或泛指使用某种交通工具。,She makes a living by selling,clothes.她以卖衣服为生。I go there by bus.,我坐公交车去那儿。注意:除了 by 之外,in 和 on 也可以表示使用某种交通工具,但要注意区别。如:by car/plane/boatin a car/plane/boat乘小车/飞机/小船by bus/train/bikeon a bus/train/bike乘公交车/火车/自行车,
12、介词用法助记口诀,at 黎明、午夜、点与分,山脚、门口、价、核心。语言、单位、材料、笔墨与颜色,早、午、晚要用 in。将来时态 in.以后,小处 at 大处 in。,年、月、季节、周,阳光、灯、影、衣、帽 in。步行、驴、马、玩笑 on,关于、农场、值日、收音。节日、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,年、月、日加早、午、晚,of 之前 on 代 in。工具、随同、具有、和 with,有形 with 无形 by,海、陆、空、车、偶、被 by。,this, that, tomorrow, yesterday, next, last, one,,接年、月、季、星期、周,介词省略已习惯。over, u
13、nder 正上下,above, below 则不然。besides, except 分内外,among 之内 along 沿。before, after 表一点,ago, later 表一段。in 内 on 外表位置,山、水、国界 to 在前。,连 词,连词主要分为两大类:并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、短语或句子;从属连词是用来连接从句的词。按照并列连词在句中的作用可分为表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系的连词。,表示并列关系的并列连词,表示并列关系的常见连词有:and (和;又;而且), as well as( 也 ; 和 ), both.and.( 既 又 ), n
14、ot only.but also.( 不仅而且), neither.nor.(既不也不)。如:,Tom and Lily like drawing.汤姆和莉莉都喜欢画画。,Lin Ping as well as his classmates likes watching TV. 林平和,他的同班同学都喜欢看电视。,Neither my parents nor my sister has been to Guangzhou.我父,母和我妹妹都没去过广州。,注意:在并列结构中表示“和”的意思时,and 用于肯定,句,or 用于否定句。如:,There is no air or water on t
15、he moon.在月球上没有空气和水。,但当含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构,此时,要用 and。如:,There is no air and no water on the moon.在月球上没有空气和水。,表示转折关系的并列连词,注意:(1)but 与 however 的区别:,however 意为“然而,不过”,可放在句首、句中或句末, 不能像 but 那样直接连接两个句子,常用逗号与句子其他成分 隔开。如:,()We all tried our best, however we lost the game. ()We all tried our best.However, we
16、 lost the game. ()We all tried our best, but we lost the game.,我们都已尽了最大的努力,不过我们还是输了。,(2)not.but.意为“不是而是”。not 和 but 后面,的用词要遵循一致原则。如:,They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a,human being.,它们不是动物的遗骸,而是人的遗骸。,表示选择关系的并列连词,表示选择关系的常见连词有:or (或者,否则), either.or (或者或者/不是就是)等。either.or.连接多个主语时谓
17、语动词的单复数与后面的主语保持一致。如:,Either he or I am to blame.不是他就是我该受责备。,Would you like tea or coffee?你要茶还是咖啡?,Work hard, or you will fail.,努力学习,否则你会失败的。,表示因果关系的并列连词,1for 表示“因为”时,用来补充说明或表示推测性的理由。不能置于含两个并列分句的句首,只能放在两个分句的中间。如:,It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.昨晚一定,下雨了,因为地面是湿的。,2so 表示“因此,所以”时,不
18、能与 because 连用。如:,He worked hard, so he passed the exam.,Because he worked hard, he passed the exam.他努力学习,所以通过了考试。,从属连词,从属连词用来引导状语从句、宾语从句、主语从句或表语,从句。,可用于引导条件状语从句。如:,if (如果), unless (除非,如果不), as long as (只要)when (当时候), while (当时候), as (当时候;一边 一边), before (在之前), after (在之后), until (直 到), since (自,If yo
19、u dont get up quickly, you wont catchthe early bus.Unless you get up quickly, you wontcatch the early bus.如果你不快点起床,你就赶不上早班车。可用于引导时间状语从句。如:When the UFO landed, I was walking in thestreet.The UFO landed while I was walking inthe street.当飞碟着陆的时候,我正在街上散步。She didnt go to sleep until she finished her,表示目的
20、,可用于引导目的状语从句。如:,(,)1.(2011 年 广 东 )Its time _ the weather,report.Turn on the radio, please.,D,Ato,Bin,Cat,Dfor,解析:题意:现在是天气预报的时间。请打开收音机。Itstime for sth.到了某事的时间了。,(,)2.(2011 年广东)I wont believe that the five-year-old boy,can read magazines _ I test him myself.,D,Aif,Bwhen,Cafter,Duntil,解析:题意:直到亲自测试过这个五岁
21、大的男孩,我才会相信他能看懂杂志。not.until.意为“直到才”。,(,)3.(2011 年 广 东 清 远 )We should protect the animals,_ danger.,B,Aon,Bin,Cof,Dat,解析:题意:我们应该保护处在危险中的动物。in danger处于危险之中。,(,)4.(2011 年广东清远)Jack still came to school _,A,he was ill.AthoughCif,BbutDso,解析:题意:虽然杰克病了,但他仍然坚持上学。本句是个让步状语从句,故选 A。,(,)5.(2011 年广东肇庆)_ you dont gi
22、ve up, your,dreams will come true.,A,AAs long as,BAs soon as,CAs well as,解析:题意:只要你不放弃的话,你的梦想终会实现的。这是一个条件状语从句,故用 as long as (只要)来引导。,(,)6.(2011 年广东广州)_ they are very tired, they,feel happy because theyve finally finished their project.,B,ASoCIf,BAlthoughDBut,解析:题意:他们虽然很累,但是很高兴,因为他们最终完成了任务。前半句是让步状语从句,
23、故用 although 引导。,(of China.,)7.(2011 年广东茂名)Taiwan lies _ the southeast,Ain,Bon,Cto,解析:台湾在中国这个领土范围内,故用介词 in。,(,)8.(2011 年广东茂名)My next door neighbor is so kind,_ he is always ready to help others.,A,Athat,Bwhen,Cbut,解析:题意:我的邻居如此热心,以至于他总是乐于助人。so.that.表示“如此以至于”。,A,(,)9.(2011 年广东茂名)Well have the party _ s
24、he,comes or not.,B,Aif,Bwhether,Cwhen,解析:题意:不管她是否来我们都将举行这个晚会。三个 选项中只有 whether 才能与 or not 搭配,whether.or not 表示 “是否”。,( )10.(2011 年广东梅州)Has Mary been back?,C,Not yet.She will come back _ the evening of June_.,Aat; first Con; the twelfth,Bto; thirtieth Don; the nineteen,解析:表示在具体某一天的早、午、晚用介词 on,排除 A、 B;
25、某一天的日期应用序数词表示,故选 C。,(,)11.(2011 年 广 东 梅 州 )_ Tom _ Peter,are fond of watching TV.,B,解析:not only.but also, either.or, neither.nor 连接两个主语时,谓语动词的单复数要遵循“就近原则”,即与最靠近谓语动词的主语保持一致,而句中的谓语动词是复数形式 are,排除 A、C、D;both.and.连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数。故选 B。,ANot only; but alsoBBoth; andCEither; orDNeither; nor,(,)12.(2011 年 广
26、东 佛 山 )It is not polite to enter others,C,rooms _ knocking on the door.Aby,Bwith,解析:题意:没有敲门就进入别人房间是不礼貌的。介词without 表示“没有,无”,故选 C。,(,)13.(2011 年 广 东 佛 山 )Animals are part of nature,_ should be well protected.,A,Aand,Bor,Cbut,解析:题意:动物是自然的一部分,应该被好好保护。并列连词 and 在句中起连接作用,可以不翻译出来。,Cwithout,(,)14.(2011 年 广 东
27、 深 圳 )Do you often go swimming,A,_ Sunday mornings?Yes.Why not _ with me this Sunday?,Aon; goCon; going,Bin; to goDin; going,解析:表示在具体某一天的上午要用介词 on;why not do sth.意为“为什么不做某事”。,(,)15.(2011 年 广 东 深 圳 )_ Rose _ Jack,D,watched Prince Williams wedding on TV yesterday.What a pity! They missed the exciting
28、moment.,ABoth; andCEither; or,BNot only; but alsoDNeither; nor,解 析 : 由 后 一 句 “What a pity! They missed the excitingmoment.” 可知 Rose 和 Jack 都没有看,表示“两者都不”用neither.nor.。,( )16.(2010 年 广 东 )Connie arrived _ the village_ a snowy night.,Aat; on,Bat; in,Cin; at,Din; on,解析:arrive at 后跟表示车站、村庄等小地方的名词,arrive
29、in 后跟表示城市、国家等大地方的名词;night 前面有形容词修 饰要用介词 on,故选 A。,(,)17.(2010 年广东)_ you _ your brother,can join us.We want one of you.ABoth; andCEither; or,BNeither; nor DNot only; but also,解析:题意:要么你要么你弟弟可以加入我们。我们只要 你们中的一个。由题意可知是只要“其中一个”,表选择关系, 故用 either.or.。,A,C,(,)18.(2010 年广东广州)If you get on well _ your,classmate
30、s, youll enjoy your school life more.,C,AtoCwith,BatDin,解析:get on well with.为固定搭配,表示“与相处得好”。,(,)19.(2010 年 广 东 茂 名 )My sister was born _,September 9th, 1999.,C,Ain,Bat,Con,解析:表示在具体的某一天用介词 on。,(,)20.(2010 年广东茂名)We will go fishing _ it is,fine tomorrow.,B,Awhether,Bif,Cthat,解析:题意:如果明天天气好,我们将去钓鱼。由题意可知这
31、是一个条件状语从句,故用 if 引导。,(,)21.(2010 年广东梅州)The 29th Olympic Games was held,_ August 8th, 2008 in Beijing.,A,Aon,Bby,Cat,Din,解析:表示在具体的某一天用介词 on。,(,)22.(2010 年 广 东 梅 州 )A lot of tourists will come to,Meizhou to visit Haka Museum tomorrow, _ youd better,get up early if you want to visit it.,D,Abut,Bor,Cbeca
32、use,Dso,解析:but 但是,表转折;or 否则,表选择;because 因为,表原因;so 因此,表结果。根据题意可知选 D。,(,)23.(2010 年广东梅州)However, _ that, the city is,B,always open to all kinds of cultures.AbecauseCthough,Bbecause ofDeven if,解析:题意:然而,正是由于那个(原因),这个城市一直都欢迎各式文化。that 此处为代词,前面应用介词,故选 B。,(,)24.(2010 年 广 东 深 圳 )Your bag looks the same,D,_ m
33、ine.Oh, really? Its a gift _ my father.,Awith; toCas; on,Bwith; fromDas; from,解析:the same as.表示“和一样”;from 意为“来自”。,(,)25.(2010 年 广 东 深 圳 )Paper _ wood.We,should not waste paper.,B,解析:纸是由木材制成的,从成品上看不出原材料且要用被动语态,故用 be made from;表示“两面都”用 both。选 B。,I agree.I always use _ sides of paper.Ais made of; eithe
34、rBis made from; bothCmakes of; bothDmakes from; either,(,)26.(2010 年广东佛山)The 16th Asian Games will be held,_ November 12 to 27 in Guangzhou.,B,Aon,Bfrom,Cbetween,解析:表示“从到”用 from.to.。,(,)27.(2010 年广东佛山)He had promised to keep the secret,_ everyone knew about it at last.,A,Abut,Band,Cso,解析:题意:他许诺过要保守秘密,但最后每个人都知道了。前后两句表示转折,故用 but。,