1、第 33 讲 宾语从句【名题实战】1Its so late.Why not write the report tomorrow?But I dont know _B_ I can do it if not now.(2014，安徽)Awhy Bwhen Chow Dwhere2Could you tell me _A_ he came here?He drove here himself.(2012，安徽)Ahow Bwhy Cwhen Dwhether3Could you tell me _B_？You can take No.16 bus.(2011，黄冈)Ahow can we get
2、to the Olympic parkBhow we can get to the Olympic parkChow did we get to the Olympic parkDhow we got to the Olympic park4There are so many kinds of computers in the shop.I really dont know _B_ to choose.(2010，安徽)Awhat Bwhich Chow Dwhere【考点梳理】从以上考题可以看出，近五年来，安徽中考对宾语从句的考查频率较高，几乎每年必考一题，主要是考查宾语从句的连接词和语序。
3、同时，考生在复习时也要注意宾语从句的时态。高频考向一 宾语从句的引导词宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用 that，在口语中 that 可以省略。如：We believe(that)he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用 if 或 whether。一般情况下，二者可以通用，但从句中有 or not 或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用 whether。如：I dont know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否将来这儿。Sorry，I dont know whether he will come or not.对不
4、起，我不知道他是否会来。宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。如：Could you tell me where the post office is？你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老师问学生他们正在做什么。【例 1】Could you say it again？I cant understand_you are talking about.Ahow Bwhen Cwhat Dwhich解析：how 和 when 在宾语从句中作状 语，而此处宾语从句的引导词在宾语从句中作talk abou
5、t 的 宾语，故排除 A、B 两项；what“什么” ，which “哪一个” ，由句意“我无法理解你正在谈论什么”可知应选 what。答案：_C_【例 2】 Could you tell me_he came here?He drove here himself.Ahow Bwhy Cwhen Dwhether解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。how“怎样” ，why“为什么” ；when“什么时候” ；whether“是否” 。由答语“他是自己开 车来这儿的”可知 问句为“你能告诉我他是怎样来这儿的吗？” 。答案：_A_高频考向二 宾语从句的时态宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的
6、时态来决定的，一般有下面几种情况：主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如：He says he will ask Mr.Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将叫胡先生给吉姆一些工作。主句的时态为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如：She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时，从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如：He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他说
7、太阳比地球大。【例 3】 The official said that they_a new law to protect the tourists the next year.Amakes Bwould makeCmade D have made解析：主句的谓语动词 said 是过去式，因此从句也应用过去的某种时态，由时间状语the next year 可知应用过去将来 时。答案：_B_【例 4】 Can you tell me _he prize，Tom?Last year.Awhen you got Bwhen did you getCwhen will you get Dwhen yo
8、u will get解析：宾语从句的语序须是陈述句语序，排除 B、C 项；由答句 last year 可知从句的时态为一般过去时。答案：_A_高频考向三 宾语从句的语序在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述语序，即“引导词主语谓语其他” 。如：I want to know when the train left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。注意：有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如：Whats wrong with？Which is the way to？What happened to you？Whats the matter/trouble？Who studies the harde
9、st in your class?do you think 后接宾语从句时，特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think 作为插入语。如：Who do you think he is talking with？你认为他正在和谁交谈？由 do，does，did 构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉 do，does，did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如：“Does he sing well？”The music teacher asked him.The music teacher asked him if(whether)he sang well.这个音乐老师想知
10、道他唱得是否很好。如果是 will，be，have，can 组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上，并根据主句的时态作相应的变化。如：“Will you be free tomorrow？ ”She asked me.She asked me if(whether) I would be free tomorrow.她问我明天是否是空闲的。【例 5】 Hi，Bruce.Here is a letter for you.Thanks.I wonder _Awho the letter was fromBwho was from the letterCwho was
11、the letter fromDwho from the letter was解析：宾语从句应用陈述语序，即 be 动词、助动词和情态动词都应放在主语后，在此宾语从句中，主语是 the letter，谓语 was from 应放在主 语后，故排除选项 B 和 C；选项 D将 from 置于主 语前，是错误的。句意“嗨，布鲁斯。 这儿有你的一封信。 ”“谢谢。我想知道这封信是谁寄来的。 ”答案：_A_【例 6】 Can you tell me _his morning?Sorry，Ive no idea.Awhy didnt Daming come to schoolBwhy Daming di
12、dnt come to schoolCwhy doesnt Daming come to schoolDwhy Daming doesnt come to school解析：由 this morning 可知事情发生在过去，故排除 C、D 两项；宾语从句应用陈述句语序。答案：_B_高频考向四 宾语从句的否定前移在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为 think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose 等时，如果主句为 I 或 we 时，从句中表示否定意义的 not 应移到think，believe，expect ，imagine，suppose 等前。如：I dont supp
13、ose he will come.我猜他不会来。【注意】如果主句主语不是 I 或 we，则 not 不前移。如：She thinks she cant arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。【例 7】 翻译：我认为明天不会下雨。_I_dont_think_it_will_rain_tomorrow._高频考向五 宾语从句的转化当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是 hope，wish，decide 等时，从句可转化为不定式结构。如：I hope that I can see you again.I hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到
14、你。当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn 等时，从句可转化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如：I dont know what I should say.I dont know what to say.我不知道该说什么。当主句的谓语动词是 ask， tell，show，teach 等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可转化为“不定式结构”或“疑问词不定式”结构。如：Mr.Hu tells us that we shouldnt draw on the wall.Mr.Hu tells us not to draw on the
15、wall.胡老师告诉我们不 应该在墙上画画。Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps?Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票？有些宾语从句可转化为复合宾语结构，常用动词 find，think，make。如：I think it is necessary for us to learn to wait.I think it necessary for us to learn to wait.I find she is a good girl.I find her a go
16、od girl.由 what 引导的宾语从句可转化为定语从句。如：We did what we could to help you.We did everything (that) we could to help you.Robert saw what Mr.Smith did.Robert saw everything (that) Mr.Smith did.【例 8】 将下列句子改为简单句。The teacher told the boy he shouldnt spend too much time playing games.解析：主句的谓语动词是 tell，宾语从句的主语是主句的间
17、接宾语，故从句可简化为不定式结构：tell sb.not to do sth. 。答案：_The _teacher_told_the_boy_not_to_spend_too_much_time_playing_games._一、单项选择。1Many foreigners feel uncomfortable _D_ they are asked about their private life.Awhat Bhow Cwhy Dwhen2This book is well worth reading because it tells us _D_ to learn a foreign lan
18、guage.Awhat Bwhen Cwhere Dhow3Could you tell me _C_ yuanxiao in China?Usually at Lantern Festival.(2014，天津)Awhen do people eat Bhow do people eatCwhen people eat Dhow people eat4She got a nice skirt as a present on her birthday.Do you know _D_？(2014，呼和浩特)Awhat was it made of Bhow much did it costCwh
19、o buy it for her Dwhere she bought it5I cant decide _D_ on vacation.Any advice?What about Hainan？Its warm in winter.(2014，绍兴)Awhen I will go Bwhere will I goCwhen will I go Dwhere I will go6Alice，do you know _B_ tomorrow ？( 2014，威海)Awhat will we do Bwhen we will startCwhere they went Dhow will they
20、go there7Jack ，could you tell me _A _ for travelling this summer？( 2014，连云港)We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Hainan.Awhere your family will goBhow will your family goChow your family will goDwhere will your family go8Mum，summer holiday is coming.I wonder _B_How about Qinling Wild Zoo？(2014
21、，陕西)Awhere can we go Bwhere we can goChow we can go Dhow can we go9Could you tell me _D_？At 9：20 tomorrow morning.(2014，济宁)Awhat time you arrivedBwho you are coming withCwhen will you be hereDwhat time you are arriving10Thats a nice toy.Could you tell me _B _？I made it with my uncles help.(2014，台州)Ahow did you make itBhow you made itCwho did you make it forDwho you made it for11I want to send the photos onto my weibo.Can you show me _A_ to do it，Maria?Sure，no problem.Ahow Bwhen Cwhat Dwhere12Brother Bob asked me _C_ I heard a big noise from outside.Athey Bwhy Cwhether Dwho
