1、 2018-2019 学 年 高 二 下 学 期 训 练 卷选 修 八 Unit2 Cloning 英 语 （ 二 ）注 意 事 项 ：1 答 题 前 ， 先 将 自 己 的 姓 名 、 准 考 证 号 填 写 在 试 题 卷 和 答 题 卡 上 ， 并 将准 考 证 号 条 形 码 粘 贴 在 答 题 卡 上 的 指 定 位 置 。2 选 择 题 的 作 答 ： 每 小 题 选 出 答 案 后 ， 用 2B 铅 笔 把 答 题 卡 上 对 应 题 目的 答 案 标 号 涂 黑 ， 写 在 试 题 卷 、 草 稿 纸 和 答 题 卡 上 的 非 答 题 区 域 均 无 效 。3 非 选 择 题
2、 的 作 答 ： 用 签 字 笔 直 接 答 在 答 题 卡 上 对 应 的 答 题 区 域 内 。 写在 试 题 卷 、 草 稿 纸 和 答 题 卡 上 的 非 答 题 区 域 均 无 效 。4 考 试 结 束 后 ， 请 将 本 试 题 卷 和 答 题 卡 一 并 上 交 。一、阅读理解(共 8 小题，每小题 2 分，共 16 分）AResearchers have developed new software using smartphones GPS and imaging abilities that determine the exact location of distant o
3、bjects as well as monitor the speed and direction of moving objects. The software could eventually allow smartphone-armed soldiers to target the location of their enemies. On the home front, the software could be used by everyone, including golfers judging distance to the green and biologists docume
4、nting the location of a rare animal without disturbing it.“The great advantage of a smartphone is that it provides so many tools in a single, readily available, relatively inexpensive package， ” said Wang Qia, a doctoral student who led the development of the software. “For example, on the battlefie
5、ld, a soldier needs a rangefinder, compass, GPS and other tools to get information before calling in an air strike. With our software, the soldier can have all those instruments in one device that can be purchased off the shelf. When that soldier returns from war, she can use the same software to pr
6、otect her family by clocking a speeder near her childrens school and catching the criminal on video.Wang and his colleagues developed their software to locate and track:Targets of known size when the size of the target is known, a single image is enough to pinpoint the targets location.Targets of un
7、known size if the exact size of a target is unknown, the software uses two images to triangulate the location of the target.Moving targets by taking a short video of a moving target, the smartphone software can calculate how fast the target is moving and in what direction it is going.“Currently, our
8、 software is limited by the physical abilities of smartphone hardware, but the devices are improving rapidly， ” Wang said. “We expect that improvements in GPS accuracy, battery life and camera resolution will allow our software to make even more accurate observations.”1. From Paragraph 1 we can know
9、 that the new software can _.A. determine the speed of moving objectsB. locate objects in the distance exactlyC. defend soldiers against their enemiesD. help biologists protect rare animals2. How does the software calculate the speed of a moving object?A. By taking a short video.B. By locating its p
10、osition.C. By taking a single image.D. By measuring its real-life size.3. Whats Wang Qias attitude towards the future of the software?A. Casual. B. Optimistic.C. Cautious. D. Flexible.4. What is the best title of the text?此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 A. Wang Qia, a Talented Doctoral StudentB. Use Smar
11、tphones to Their Full PotentialC. Targeting and Tracking with SmartphonesD. Smartphone Armed Soldiers on the BattlefieldB An extinct mountain goat that was once common in the Pyrenees became the first animal to be brought back from extinction. Researchers used frozen DNA to produce a clone， but the
12、newborn kid died within minutes of birth due to breathing difficulties.The Pyrenean ibex is a type of mountain goat，which is believed to have died out completely in 2000.Before the death of the last known individual (a 13-year-old female known as Celia)，biologists took cells from her skin and ears，w
13、hich were frozen in liquid nitrogen (氮)An earlier cloning attempt to use the skin cells failed. But the latest attempt involved the creation of 439 cloned embryos (胚胎)Of these cloned embryos,57 were put into the female domestic goats，but only one goat gave birth and the newborn cloned kid died after
14、 seven minutes as a result of lung disease.Researchers say that other cloned animals，including sheep，have been born with similar lung disease，but they say that overall the experiment was a major step forward in the effort to bring the ibex back to its mountain home. The leading researcher Jose Folch
15、 says， “The cloned kid was genetically like the ibex. In species such as the ibex，cloning is the only possibility to avoid its complete disappearance.”The failure to produce a living clone from DNA that was frozen only fifteen years ago shows the difficulty researchers would face in trying to bring
16、back species that have been extinct for decades or centuries. Researchers have had the idea of bringing back the Tasmanian tiger, which went extinct in 1936. There are，however, other species that have been seriously suggested for cloning, such as the giant panda, the African bongo antelope, the Suma
17、tran tiger and the pygmy hippo. Supporters believe cloning provides hope of keeping these endangered animals alive before they die out.5. What do we know about the cloned ibex?A. It died of lung disease.B. It was the first cloned animal in the world.C. It lived for thirteen years.D. It was born in 2
18、000.6. We can conclude from the passage that _.A. cloning has developed quickly in developed countriesB. no more animals will die out in the futureC. cloning makes it possible to preserve endangered speciesD. cloning seldom results in physical problems for animals7. Whats the best title for this pas
19、sage?A. Great advancement in cloning goatsB. Difficulties in saving extinct animalsC. Public concerns about cloningD. Cloning brought back an extinct species for a while8. In which part of a newspaper would you most probably read this passage?A. Society. B. Sports. C. Amusement. D. Science.二、语法填空（共
20、10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country _1_（grow ）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _2_ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is _3_ (actual) behind the change: An i
21、mportant part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _4_ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water _5_ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased _6_ (pollut
22、e) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _7_ (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government _8_ (start) a soil-testi
23、ng program _9_ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers-and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. Chinas approach to protecting its environment while _10_ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for ag
24、riculture and food policymakers worldwide.“ says the banks Juergen Voegele.三、七选五 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分） The color of animals is by no means a matter of chance; it depends on many considerations, but in the majority of cases tends to protect the animals from danger by making it less outstanding. Per
25、haps, it may be said that if coloring is mainly protective, there ought to be fewer brightly colored animals. _1_. The kingfisher itself, though so brightly colored, is not easy to see._2_. Thus, for instance, the lion, and the wild donkey are all sandcolored. “Indeed, in the desert, neither trees,
26、brushwood, nor even undulation (起伏) of the surface afford the slightest protection to its enemies._3_.” says an expert.The next point is the color of the mature caterpillars(毛虫 ), some of which are brown. This probably makes the caterpillar even more outstanding among the green leaves. What would yo
27、u do if you were a big caterpillar? Why, like most other defenceless creatures, you would feed by night, and lie hidden by day. _4_. When the morning light comes, they go down the stem of the food plant, and hide among dry sticks and leaves around the ground, and it is obvious that under such circum
28、stances the brown color really becomes a protection. While we may say as a general rule that the large caterpillars feed by night and hide by day, it is by no means always the case that they are brown: some of them still remain green._5_, and that the brown color is a later adaptation.A. So do these
29、 caterpillarsB. Therefore, the color of the animals is brightC. We can say that they formed a good habitD. Desert animals are generally the color of the desertE. We may conclude that the habit of hiding themselves by day comes firstF. However, there are some cases where vivid colors are themselves p
30、rotectiveG. So the color of birds, snakes and even smaller animals, is of one uniform sand color四、短文改错（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）We are going to organizing a bicycle trip to our school farm this Sunday. It lie in the western suburb, covering an area of about 50 acres. There are different kinds of cattl
31、e raised and variety vegetables planted. The products are provided to a school canteen, where we can enjoy a healthy diet happy. On the farm you can combine that you have learned with practice to the fullest.You expected to arrive at there at about 9 oclock. Remember: follows the workers and dont tr
32、y to do anything strange to interest the animals or do damage to the plants during my visit.五、书面表达（共 25 分）2022 年北京-张家口冬奥会将如期在北京和张家口举行。为了确保冬奥会圆满成功，组委会发起了志愿者招募活动。假如你是学生李华，希望能成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括：1. 个人情况；2. 自身优势；3. 服务承诺。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；参考词汇：2022 北京-张家口冬奥会 2022 Beijing-Zhangjia
33、kou Winter Olympic Games_ 2018-2019 学 年 高 二 下 学 期 训 练 卷选 修 八 Unit2 Cloning 英 语 （ 二 ） 答 案一、阅读理解1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. D二、语法填空1.has grown 2. the 3. actually 4. to improve 5. than 6. pollution 7. global 8. started 9. that/which 10. feeding三、七选五1-5. FDGAE四、短文改错第一句 organizing 改成 organize 第
34、二句 lie 改成 lies第三句 variety 改成 various 第四句 a 改成 the；happy 改成 happily第五句 that 改成 what 第六句 You 后面加上 are；删除第一个 at第七句 follows 改成 follow；my 改成 your五、作文Dear Sir/Madam,My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for 2022 Beijing-Zhangjiakou Winter Olympic Games. Im a boy of eighteen years old from
35、 a high school. My spoken English is good and I can communicate with foreigners fluently. Whats more, I have other advantages Im especially fond of sports, familiar with Beijing, good at communication and always glad to help others. Im willing to provide the best service for every athlete in Winter Olympic Games. Therefore, I think Im suitable for serving the Games.I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to be a volunteer.Thank you!Yours faithfully,Li Hua
