1、八年级下册,Unit 6,考点精讲过中考,高频词汇,1. train vi. & vt. 接受训练；培训，训练,(1) train作动词时，意为“接受训练；培训，训练”，指促使某人学得知识或技能，以便能够从事某种职业或进行某种工作；用作及物动词时，后接名词或代词作宾语。其名词形式为training，意为“训练”。 train sb./sth. to do sth.训练某人/某物做某事，其中动词不定式作宾语补足语，其被动结构为sb./sth. be trained to do sth.。 train for . 为而训练 train . as . 把训练成 (2) _用作名词时，意为“火车”。
2、by train 乘火车。,帮你归纳,train, (2016扬州)在做这项工作前，他们有必要接受培训。 _ (2016威海)你知道火车是什么时候发明的吗？ _,过中考,考点精讲过中考,It is necessary for them to receive training before doing the task.,Do you know when the train was invented？,2. deaf adj. 聋的,deaf的比较级是deafer，最高级是_。 be deaf to sth. 对某事听不进去。,帮你归纳,考点精讲过中考,deafest,高频词汇,(2015南通)
3、_ people cant hear, so they always use their hands to communicate.,过中考,考点精讲过中考,Deaf,考点精讲过中考,高频词汇,3. elderly adj. 年老的,“_形容词”结构表示一类人或抽象的事物。表示一类具有某种特征或特性的人的时候，通常表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；表示抽象概念的时候，通常表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式。如： All the villagers from the elderly to the young were very friendly. 全村从老人到小孩都非常友好。 The rich g
4、et richer and the poor get poorer. 富人越富，穷人越穷。 The beautiful is not always the good, and the good is not always the true. 美未必是善，善未必是真。,帮你归纳,the,(2015连云港改编)Now more and more young people _(给老人让座) on the bus in our city.,过中考,考点精讲过中考,give/offer their seats to the elderly,考点精讲过中考,高频词汇,4. homeless adj. 无家
5、可归的,homeless是由名词_加后缀less构成的。与此类似的词还有：,帮你归纳,home,hopehopeless 没希望的 harmharmless 无害的 useuseless 无用的 carecareless 不仔细的，粗心的 loveloveless 无爱的 endendless 无尽的,(2017盐城)The poor _(home) boy often did his homework in the street by the light of a restaurant.,过中考,考点精讲过中考,homeless,考点精讲过中考,高频词汇,5. chance n. 机会,ha
6、ve/get a chance to do sth. have a chance of doing sth.意为“有机会做某事”； miss a chance of doing sth. 错过做某事的机会； give sb. a _ 给某人一个机会； by chance 偶然；意外地。,帮你归纳,chance, (2017滨州)The Belt and Road will be a _(机会) to help some countries to develop, so more and more countries want to catch it. ( ) (2017河南)If you fi
7、ght hard, know who you are, and are proud of who you are, youve got a good _ of winning. A. choice B. chance C. decision D. direction,过中考,考点精讲过中考,chance,B,考点精讲过中考,高频词汇,6. similar adj. 同样的，类似的,similar要与same区别开来： be _ to 与相似； be the same as .和一样。如： Their school uniforms are similar to ours. 他们的校服和我们的相
8、似。 Your pen is the same as mine. 你的钢笔和我的一样。,帮你归纳,similar,( ) (2015荆州) Can you tell the difference between these two pictures? Difference? Oh, no. They look quite _ A. similar B. different C. strange D. interesting ( ) (2015滨州)My mother says my friend is similar _ me, but I think she is different _ m
9、e. A. as; from B. to; from C. to; to D. as; to,过中考,考点精讲过中考,A,B,考点精讲过中考,高频词汇,7. achieve vt. 实现，达到,(1) achieve一般只用作及物动词，其宾语可以是“实现”的目标、目的等，也可以是“取得”的胜利、成功、名誉、地位等。如： Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims. 要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。 (2) 因为achieve一般与令人愉快的事，如成功、成就等连用，所以不要受汉语的影响滥用此词表示一般意义的“达到”。 (
10、3) achieve的名词形式是_，意为“成功，成就”。,帮你归纳,achievement,( ) (2016滨州) Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou? Yes, she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Medicine because of her great _ A. surprise B. achievement C. education D. satisfaction (2017扬州)Never give up! Pain always comes with _(achieve) (2015荆州)By bring
11、ing football to the schools, President Xi hopes he can _ his dream and Chinas dream of playing for the World Cup, hosting(举办) the World Cup and finally, winning the World Cup.,过中考,考点精讲过中考,B,achievement,achieve,考点精讲过中考,易混词汇,1. expect, hope与wish,(1) _比hope更正式点，强调客观上可能实现的“期望”，后面不能接带有名词的复合宾语，且常用过去完成时表达过
12、去未曾实现的期望。expect只能作动词。在美国口语里， expect可用以表示“料想、以为”。,帮你归纳,expect,expect n/pron. 盼望/期待 expect to do sth. 期望做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 盼望某人做某事 expect that从句 期望/期待,考点精讲过中考,易混词汇,(2) hope强调主观上的“希望”，后面不能跟复合宾语。 hope可作动词或名词。,hope to do sth. 希望做某事 hope that 从句 希望(在美式英语中， that从句的谓语动词如果是一般现在时，它可以代替一般将来时),考点精讲过中考,易混
13、词汇,(3) _常用来表示客观上不太可能实现的希望或表示祝愿，意为“希望，祝愿”。wish后跟宾语从句时要用虚拟语气。,wish,wish to do sth. 希望做某事 wish sb. n/adj. 祝愿某人 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 wish that 从句 但愿(从句要用虚拟语气)如： I wish (that) I were young again. 我希望重回年轻。 wish sth. done 希望(别人)做了某事,( ) (2016呼和浩特) Did you watch the football game yesterday? Yes, I di
14、d. John is really a dark horse. Nobody _ him to go so far. A. wanted B. encouraged C. expected D. hoped ( ) (2016广东)Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting _ an Oscar and finally he made it. A. to win B. winning C. not to win D. not winning,过中考,考点精讲过中考,C,A,( ) (2016邵阳)She sa
15、id she hoped _ her daughter. A. to see B. you to see C. seeing ( ) (2017东营) Waiter, theres a fly(苍蝇) swimming in my soup. So what do you _ me to do, call a life guard(救生员)? A. warn B. expect C. invite D. encourage,过中考,考点精讲过中考,A,B,考点精讲过中考,易混词汇,2. prize, award与reward,(1) _侧重于对各种竞赛中成绩优秀者的奖励，或对于某种行为的嘉奖。
16、 (2) award常指裁定中的结果，如奖品、奖金等。 (3) reward侧重于对某一行为的回报，即“报酬，赏金”。,帮你归纳,prize,( ) (2017天津) We have won the first _ in the match! Nice work! A.praise B. prize C. price D. pride ( ) (2016泰州) What _ will you get after winning the competition in the programme Whos still standing(一站到底)? A free trip to Bali Isla
17、nd. A. award B. attention C. advice D. ability,过中考,考点精讲过中考,B,A,考点精讲过中考,核心句型,1. They can provide special places for homeless people to stay. 他们可以为无家可归的人提供特别的地方居住。,provide sth. for sb. provide sb. _ sth. 为某人提供某物。如： provide food and shelter for them 为他们提供食物和住所。 The local people like that Italian restau
18、rant because it provides both delicious food and good service. 当地人喜欢那家意大利餐馆因为它不仅提供美味的食物，而且服务也好。,帮你归纳,with,( ) (2016自贡)This restaurant _ people _ delicious food. A. provides; for B. offers; to C. provides; with ( ) (2015鄂州) Would you please provide us _ some information about the school sports meetin
19、g? Sure. Its said that it will start _ the morning of September 20th. A. for; on B. with; on C. for; in D. with; in,过中考,考点精讲过中考,C,B,考点精讲过中考,核心句型,2. Over 40，000 people gave up their spare time for the 2007 Special Olympics World Games.4万多人为2007年世界特奥会放弃了自己的空闲时间。,_ (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事。如： David Beckham
20、 decided to give up playing football forever because he was not energetic enough. 大卫贝克汉姆决定永远放弃踢足球，因为他没有足够的精力了。 当宾语用代词表示时，只能放在give和up之间。如： Jerry disliked his job, so he gave it up. 杰瑞不喜欢他的工作，所以他放弃了。,帮你归纳,give up,( ) (2017滨州) Dont _ hope. Everything will be over soon. Yes. We should learn to be brave
21、when we are in trouble. A. turn up B. give up C. clean up D. take up ( ) (2017凉山) I think its difficult for me to learn English well. _ Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it. A. What a pity！ B. Never give up. C. I hope so. D. Thats right. (2016泉州)It was a difficult time for them, but t
22、hey didnt _(放弃) their hope.,过中考,考点精讲过中考,B,B,give up,考点精讲过中考,核心句型,3. Its great for us to work closely with these special athletes. 对我们来说，能和这些特殊的运动员们紧密合作真是太棒了。,work closely _ . 和紧密合作。如： We work closely with the career advisors in schools. 我们与学校的就业顾问密切合作。,帮你归纳,with,(2015泰州)All the members should work _
23、(密切地) with each other in a team. Many hands make light work.,过中考,考点精讲过中考,closely,考点精讲过中考,核心句型,4. I chat with them, help them practise and make sure theyre safe. 我和他们聊天，帮助他们训练并且确保他们的安全。,(1) _设法保证，确保；弄清楚。后面通常跟从句，而不能跟“宾语不定式”的结构。如： 明天你务必按时来这儿。 正： Make sure that you will come here on time tomorrow. 误： Ma
24、ke sure you to come here on time tomorrow. (2) make sure of . 把弄明白/清楚。如： Youd better make sure of the time before you leave. 你最好在出发之前查明时间。,帮你归纳,make sure,( )(2016昆明)High technology is used in EURO 2016 to _ the matches are fair enough in France. A. make up B. make sure C. come out D. come over,过中考,考
25、点精讲过中考,B,考点精讲过中考,重点语法,1. It is 形容词动词不定式,我们常用“It is 形容词动词不定式”的结构来表达对某事物的看法。在该句型结构中，_为形式主语，真正的主语为其后的动词不定式。如：It is necessary to learn English well. 学好英语是必要的。 注意：该结构也适用于含动词take的句型。如： It took about ten minutes to walk to the railway station. 步行去火车站大约要花10分钟。 动词不定式结构也可以直接置于句首充当句子的主语，但在现代英语中，多用it作形式主语。如： To
26、 clean the parks before National Day is important. 在国庆节前打扫公园是重要的。 Its wise to take a map and a mobile phone.带上地图和手机是明智的。,帮你归纳,It, (2015滨州改编)Its impossible _(separate) Diaoyu Island from China. (2017滨州改编)It is impolite _(enter) a persons room without knocking at the door first.,过中考,考点精讲过中考,to separat
27、e,to enter,考点精讲过中考,重点语法,2. It is 形容词 for 人或物动词不定式,我们可以用“It is 形容词_人或物动词不定式”的结构来表达对某人来说做某事的一个客观态度。在该句型结构中，动词不定式结构的逻辑主语就是for后面的人或物。 for sb. to do sth.通常被称作动词不定式复合结构。如： It is impossible for us to finish the work in an hour. 对我们而言，在一小时内完成这项工作是不可能的。 It is meaningful for us to join Oxfam Trailwalker. 对我们来
28、说，加入“乐施毅行者”是有意义的。,帮你归纳,for,( ) (2016黄石)It is necessary _ us to help our friends out when they meet difficulties. A. to B. of C. with D. for ( ) (2017益阳)Its necessary for you _ the classroom clean, class. A. keep B. keeping C. to keep,过中考,考点精讲过中考,D,C,( ) (2016来宾)It is necessary for us students _ the
29、listening ability. A. to improve B. improving C. improve D. improves ( ) (2017泰州) Was it necessary _ John _ some photos before helping the old man? I think so. In this way, he could protect himself later. A. of; taking B. for; taking C. of; to take D. for; to take,过中考,考点精讲过中考,A,D,考点精讲过中考,重点语法,3. It
30、is 形容词 of 人或物动词不定式,我们可以用“It is 形容词_人或物动词不定式”的结构来表达对某人的行为的看法。如： Its nice of you to bring me the newspaper. 你把报纸带给我真是太好了。 Its silly of you not to forgive others for their mistakes. 你因为别人的错误而不原谅他们真是太傻了。,帮你归纳,of,考点精讲过中考,重点语法,“It is 形容词 for 人或物动词不定式”和“It is 形容词 of 人或物动词不定式”结构的区别： (1) “for sb.”的结构一般用表示客观情
31、况的形容词。如： hard, difficult, easy, important, interesting, necessary, impossible等。“of sb.”的结构一般用表示人物品格、特征等的形容词。如： brave, good, kind, nice, clever, careful, careless, rude, wise, foolish, selfish, silly, honest, generous等。如： It is quite difficult for me to play football well. 对我来说把足球踢好是相当难的。 It was wise
32、 of you to refuse his offer. 你拒绝他的提议是明智的。,考点精讲过中考,重点语法,(2) “It is 形容词 of 人或物动词不定式”的句型一般可以转换成一个带不定式作状语的句子，而“It is 形容词 for 人或物动词不定式”的句型则不可以这样转换。如： It was careless of you to mistake me for your uncle. You were careless to mistake me for your uncle. 你把我误认成你的叔叔真是太粗心了。,( ) (2016大庆)It was careless _ Lingli
33、ng to make _ mistakes A. for; a lot of B. of; a plenty of C. for; an amount of D. of; a number of ( ) (2015龙东五市)It is careless _ him to lose his wallet again. I think it necessary _ him to be more careful next time. A. of; to B. of; for C. for; for ( ) (2017广东)Its very kind _ you to lend me your reu
34、sable shopping bags. A. of B. for C. to D. with,过中考,考点精讲过中考,D,B,A,一、单项选择 ( )1. (2017苏州太仓模拟)The weather report says it will be cloudy with a slight _ of rain later tonight. A. scene B. sense C. change D. chance ( )2. (2017连云港模拟) It is necessary for us _ team spirit. I agree with you. A. to learn B. l
35、earn C. learning D. learnt,过模拟,随堂精练过模拟,D,A,( )3. (2017南京溧水一模)Although you may meet some difficulties in learning English, you should never _ A.put up B. get up C. give up D. grow up ( )4. (2017泰州姜堰一模) What is your son like? He is _ and he believes that he is able to do anything if he tries his best.
36、 A. energetic B. organized C. creative D. confident,过模拟,C,D,随堂精练过模拟,( )5. (2017泰州二附三模) Was this photo taken at Qinhu Lake? Yes. You can see the open water in the _ of the photo. A. form B. shape C. background D. size,过模拟,C,随堂精练过模拟,二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. (2017常熟一模)The professor made a contribution to _
37、(培养) his students listening and speaking skills. 2. (2017盐城阜宁二模) Paul is very _(相像的) in appearance to his brother. They are twins. Dont you know that? 3. (2017南通启东模拟)We are _(期待) to speak to the old politely.,过模拟,training,similar,expected,随堂精练过模拟,4. (2017句容二模)Zhao Yafu is always willing to provide _(智力的) support for the local farmers in Jurong. 5. (2017泰州姜堰一模)I know little about the case. I need a brief _(介绍) of it.,过模拟,intellectual,introduction,随堂精练过模拟,
