1、-ed form,used as an adjective or adverb,Grammar and usage,一、The -ing form used as Attribute（-ing形式作定语）,These female pigs are cloned. So we call them _pigs,These female pigs are cloned. So we call them pigs_,that/which are cloned,cloned,The kidnappers were using a _car. (steal) The name _in the lette
2、r was unknown to me.（mention) The firemen were rescuing the people _ in the fire. (trap),stolen,mentioned,trapped,Scientific experiments which are carried out by students can be dangerous.,Scientific experiments _by students can be dangerous.,carried out,A few verb-eds before nouns can express past
3、meanings instead of passive meanings.,boiling water,比较,boiled water,fallen trees/ leaves escaped animals a retired president a lost envelope,falling leaves an escaping criminal a retiring president,比较,We can also put an adverb or something else before a verb-ed to form a compound verb-ed form.,广泛运用的
4、技术 训练有素的工人 手写的信件 欠发达地区 受过良好教育的市民 倍受尊敬的教授,a widely-used technique well trained workers hand-written letters underdeveloped regions well-educated citizens a well-respected professor,Rewrite the following sentences with verb-ed form. I think cloning that is done by scientists is dangerous.The problems
5、that are created by cloning will be clear.,I think cloning done by scientists is dangerous.,The problems created by cloning will be clear.,We dont want beasts that are created by scientists to replace us one day. The only thing that is needed is a cell from your old pet.,We dont want beasts created
6、by scientists to replace us one day.,The only thing needed is a cell from your old pet.,二The verb-ed form can also be used as predicative of a sentence. eg.,My grandfather was delighted to hear I had passed exams,The problem stayed _after 3 days discussion. (unsettle),unsettled,注意： get verb+ed.de结构
7、eg. get paid/injured/hurt.,As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. （01全国）（A） A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed,Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you wont have time to _ before the party. （04全国I） A get changed B get change C get changing D get to change,工人们都是按月计酬的Mary终于从那次受伤中恢复过来了,Workers
8、 get paid by the month.,Mary finally got recovered from the injury.,We need to further discuss the problem _unsolved.remained B. to remain C. remaining D. to be remained,三 The verb-ed form can be used as object complement of a sentence. eg. 1). As he knows very little English, he finds it difficult
9、to make himself _. (understand) 2). I _ yesterday. (寄信） 3). You must make yourself when you talk in front of the class. （hear) 4). After the robbery, they found the windows _.(break) 5). You mustnt make the secret between us _to the public. (know),understood,had my letter delivered,heard,broken,know
10、n,The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _the next year. Acarry out Bcarrying out Ccarried out Dto carry out,Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music. (2004高考广西卷) making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D. to make herself heard,四 The verb-ed f
11、orm can be used as adverbial of a sentence to express,1). TimeWhen taken to the hospital, the boy began to crySeen from the space, the earth looks blue.,When he was taken to the hospital, the boy began to cry,When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.,It shames me to say it, but I told a lie
12、when_ at the meeting by my boss. （04全国IV）A questioning B have questioned C questioned D to be questioned,introduceWhen first_ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. When first _myself to my parents-in-law, I felt a bit nervous.,introduced,introducing,Whenever I am in trouble , I will l
13、ock myself alone at home , always _myself many whys. (question),questioning,2). Reason Shocked by the article, the woman wrote a letter to the newspaper.,Because he was shocked by the article, the woman,Digitally _ (record) in the studio, the disc can carry much more information than normal ones.,re
14、corded,Because it was digitally recorded in the studio, the disc.,1). by the beauty of nature , the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm . （04辽宁） 2). _a large number of people, the show was indeed a great success.AAttracting BAttracted CTo be attracted DHaving attracted,B,A
15、,3). Condition Treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts.,If it is treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts.,If it is taken three times a day , the medicine will work better.,Taken three times a day , the medicine will work better.,_ time,
16、 hell make a fist-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given,五verb-ing and verb-ed as adjectives,This is so_ a lesson that so many students are _of it. (bore),相似动词总结：tire/disappoint/move/exciting/frustrate/touch satisfy/amaze/convince/encourage/exhaust,boring,bored,an interes
17、ting crosstalk,有趣的相声,Because of interesting performances given by Fenggong and Niuqun, I have become interested in crosstalk.,We use verb-ing forms to describe someone/something that causes certain feelings, and they are usually active in meaning; while we use verb-ed forms to say how we feel about
18、someone or something, and they are usually passive in meaning as they describe how someone/something is affected by an action.,小结：,This is an _win over the best team in this region. (encourage) He was so _in this exam that his instructor was _.(disappoint) They were all _(move) by the _story. (touch
19、) With so many _evidences , the police are now _that he has committed the crime. (convince),encouraging,disappointing,disappointed,moved,touching,convincing,convinced,Mr. Smith,_ of the_ speech, started to read a novel. （03北京春季）Atired; boring Btiring; boredCtired; bored Dtiring; boring,六A verb-ed ca
20、n follow a verb , such as stand , sit and lie when the two actions are happening at the same time or it can be used on its own or followed by an adjective /adverbial.(伴随状语）,She lay trapped under the building for three days.,She lay there and was trapped .,改写：The pop-star stood there and was surround
21、ed by his fans for half an hour.,The pop-star stood surrounded by his fans for half an hour.,After his journey front abroad, Richard Jones returned home, _ exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted,She left the restaurant , disappointed.,She left the restaurant and was disappoin
22、ted.,他度假回家，累的要死,He arrived back home from vacation, dead tired.,几个特殊的过去分词的运用： lost /given/dressed/seated lost: I can not find my lost wallet. When he came into my room , I was lost in thought.He is not understood by his friends , so he often sits alone ,feeling extremely lost given:鉴于，考虑到; 指定的,规定的 G
23、iven his health, we will have to send for a doctor. Given more time , I will do the job better. We are to finish the task at the given time,相当于,considering,_ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. （2000北京春季） Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given,
24、_ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. （05湖南卷） Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed,The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _as the plane was making a landing. （04上海春季）A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating,_ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police (05江苏卷) A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing,Thank you,
