1、目标：To master the important language points in this lesson.课堂 互动探究核心词汇 讲练悟1. spirit(n.) 意为 “精神，心灵；灵魂；幽灵，妖精；情绪”用法：1) 表示“精神，心灵”时，用作可数或不可数名词。短语in spirit意为“在心里，在精神上”。e.g.Although the team lost, they showed great spirit. 那队虽然输了，但却表示了顽强的精神。I shall be with you _ _.我的心将和你在一起。2) 表示“灵魂”时，是不可数名词；表示 “幽灵，妖精” 时，是可
2、数名词。e.g.The priest says that the human spirit never dies. 牧师说，人的灵魂永远不死。3) 表示“情绪，心情 ”时，常用复数形式spirits。此外spirits还可表示“烈性酒”。 常用于下列短语：be down in spirits 情绪低落out of spirits 意志消沉，没精打采in high/great spirits 情绪高昂，兴高采烈in low/poor spirits 情绪低落，意志消沉e.g.Recently she has been in high spirits. 她最近情绪极高。He is _ _ _. 他
3、意气消沉。2. voyage(n.) 意为“航海，航空”拓展：来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_Kgo on/make/take a voyage 去航海，去航行on a/ones voyage 在航行e.g.She went on a long sea voyage. 她乘船在海上作长途旅行。They _ _ _ across the Pacific by air. 他们乘飞机飞过太平洋。辨析：voyage/journey/trip/tour/trave lvoyage主要指远距离的水上旅行，也可以指空中旅行；journey通常指陆地上从一地到另一地的远距离“旅行” ； trip 一般指时间短、距
4、离近的“旅行，远足”，往往暗示会回到原出发地；travel作“旅行、游历”解，一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时间、远距离的“旅行”,尤指出国旅行。应用：They have got everything ready to make a _ across the Atlantic.A. trip B. travel C. voyage D. tour (C)3. further(adv./adj.) 意为“更远，较远；更多的，更进一步的”e.g.He can swim further than I can.他游泳比我游得远。There will be a _ discussion
5、about the problem.关于这个问题，将要进一步讨论。应用：We need _information before we can decide. A. far B. farther C. further D. furthest (C)4. persuade(vt.) 意为“说服，劝服”用法拓展：persuade sb. (not) to do sth. 说服某人(不) 做某事persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事persuade sb. out of (doing) sth. 说服某人不做某事persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
6、persuade sb. that 使某人相信e.g.Who persuaded you to join this society? 谁说服你参加这个团体?I persuaded him _ _ smoking.=I persuaded him _ _ smoking.我劝服他戒烟。Can you persuade her _ wearing that dress? 你能劝她穿那件衣服吗？I am almost persuaded _ his honesty. 我几乎相信他是诚实的。We persuaded Harry that he was wrong. 我们使亨利相信是他错了。应用：He
7、is sure to come. Ive _ him to attend our meeting.A. advised B. tried to persuade C. persuaded D. suggested (C)I _ him to take my advice, but he wouldnt.A. managed to persuade B. tried to persuade C. failed to persuade D. persuaded (B)解析：persuade 意为“劝说，说服”，做题时，我们应考虑题干中所提供的语境来判断劝说是否成功。词性拓展：persuasion(
8、n.) 劝说；说服力persuasive(adj.) 有说服力的；令人信服的5. unknown(adj.) 意为“不知道的，未知的”拓展：be unknown to sb. 不为某人所知e.g.It was an unknown country to me. 这个国家对我来说是陌生的。The fact _ _ _ him.他不知道事实。6. eventually(adv.) 意为“ 最终，终于 ”e.g.Eventually he was tired of trying so hard.最终他厌倦了如此艰苦的尝试。He ran and ran and _ reached home in ti
9、me.他跑啊跑啊，最后终于及时到家了。7. apologise(vi.) 意为“道歉”拓展：apologise to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做) 某事向某人道歉apology(n.) 道歉，认错make an apology 道歉，认错offer an apology 主动道歉accept an apology 接受道歉e.g.Jack _ _ his teacher _ his being late this morning. 杰克为今天上午迟到向老师道了歉。She _ _ _ for not going to the party yesterday. 她因昨天没去参
10、加聚会而道歉。重点短语1. set sail (to/from/for) 意为“启航”e.g.Early in the morning, they set sail southward.一大早，他们扬帆启航向南行驶。With cheers from the crowd, the new ship _ _ _ Europe.那艘新船在人们的欢呼声中启航去欧洲。2. according to 意为“根据，依照”e.g.We are paid according to how much work we do. 我们的工资随工作量而定。_ _ the weather report, there wil
11、l be a heavy rain this afternoon.根据天气预报，今天下午将会有一场大雨。3. get into trouble 意为“陷入麻烦，陷入困境”e.g.Dont waste your time, or you will get into trouble.别浪费时间，否则你会陷入麻烦中的。You will _ _ _ if you drive after drinking. 你如果酒后开车便会遇到麻烦。拓展：get out of trouble 摆脱困境get sb. into/out of trouble 使某人陷入/摆脱困境 be in trouble 处于困境中a
12、sk/look for tr ouble 自找麻烦make trouble 制造麻烦save trouble 省事，避免麻烦put sb. to the trouble of doing sth. 麻烦某人做某事take trouble over sth./to do sth. 不辞辛劳地做某事ha ve trouble with sth./(in) doing sth. 做某事有困难/费劲 应用：当别人有困难时，帮助他们是正确的。It is good to help others when they _ _ _. 我费了好大的劲才找到他需要的那本书。I _ _ _ finding the b
13、ook he wanted.很抱歉麻烦你换这么大的票子。 Im very sorry to _ _ _ _ _ _ changing such a large note.他不辞辛劳地带着儿子参加各种音乐培训班。He _ _ _ to take his son to take music classes.(get into trouble/are in trouble; had much trouble; put you to the trouble of; took great trouble)4. in search of 意为“寻找，寻求 ”(相当于in ones search for，常
14、在句中作状语)e.g.I looked everywhere in search of my glasses.我到处寻找眼镜。来源:学。科。网Z。X。X。KIm always _ _ _ someone who can understand me. 我一直在寻找一个能理解我的人。 拓展：in ones search for 寻找，寻求search for 寻找，寻求 search for 搜查以找到search out 搜(查) 出，探出 search through 把仔细搜寻一遍重难句导学1. They achieved this long before Columbus ever set
15、 sail. 他们早在哥伦布到来之前就已经到达那里了。解析： 句中before引导时间状语从句，意为“在之前”，“long before+从句”表示“在之前很久”。此外，long before还可用作副词，表示 “在之前很久，很久以前”，常用于过去完成时或一般过去时的句子中。e.g.I knew Smith _ _ I knew you.早在认识你之前我就认识史密斯了。Long before, there was a big museum here. 很久以前，这里有一座大博物馆。She said she had seen the film _ _. 她说她很久以前就看过这部电影。注：long
16、 before常用于句型“It is/was not (wont be) long before”， 意为“不久就 ”。e.g.It wasnt long before he came back. 过不了多久他就会回来。It wont be long before we see each other.不久我们又会见面的。辨析：long before/before longbefore long相当于soon，意为“很快，不久以后”， 常与将来时、过去时态连用，在句中作状语。e.g.The book will be published before long. 那本书不久将要出版。_ _ he
17、came to Canada to go on with his education. 不久以后他去了加拿大继续深造。应用：He said that he had been to Hong Kong _ and that he would go there _. A. long before; before long B. before long; long beforeC. long ago; before long D. before long; before long (A)2. By around 900 AD, there were many places in Northern E
18、urope where the Vikings chose to live. 大约到公元900年期，北欧很多地方都有海盗选择居住。Eric reached Greenland and discovered that people could live in the place where he landed. 埃里克到达格陵兰岛后发现他登陆的地方可以居住。解析：两句中where the Vikings chose to live 和where he landed是定语从句，修饰先行词places和place，关系副词where在定语从句中作状语。e.g.The company where my
19、 father works is not far from the city center. 我父亲上班的公司离市中心不远。Do you still remember the place _ we first met?来源:学科网ZXXK你还记得我们第一次相遇的地方吗？应用：来源:学科网ZXXKId like to live in a place _ the sun shines all year round. A. which B. that C. where D. in which (C)3. In 982 AD, when a man called Eric the Red decide
20、d to set sail further west, there were as many as 10,000 Vikings living in Iceland. 公元982年冰岛生活着多达一万人的北欧海盗，就在此时一个叫埃里克雷德的人决定向西远航。解析：(1) 句中called Eric the Red为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词man，它相当于一个限制性定语从句，即who was called Eric the Red。现在分词短语living in Iceland作后置定语，修饰前面的名词Vikings ，它相当于定语从句who lived in Iceland。过去分词
21、作定语往往用来表示一个被动或完成的动作；现在分词作定语往往用来表示一个主动或进行的动作。e.g.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.应邀参加晚会的大多数艺术家来自南非。The girl _ on the platform is a friend of mine.站在台上唱歌的那个女孩是我的一个朋友。 (2) 短语as many as常用在人或物的具体数量前，侧重于具体数目，修饰可数名词，意为“多达”。as much as与as many as同义，但常用在“时间量、重量、钱数 ”等方面，表示总量和单位量的大小，修饰
22、不可数名词。e.g._ _ _ 100 people were killed in the air crash.这次空难中多达一百人丧生。Building costs ran up to _ _ _NT$ 20 million. 建筑费用涨到高达新台币两千万。4. According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway, Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder, for which he got into trouble. 根据冰岛和挪威的
23、传说，埃里克雷德因一起谋杀案而惹上麻烦，被迫离开冰岛。解析：(1)短语be forced to do sth.意为“被迫做某事”，其相应的主动式为：force sb. to do sth.，意为“强迫某人做某事 ”。 e.g.We _ _ _ take that action. 来源:Zxxk.Com我们被迫采取那个行动。The thief forced her to hand over the money. 那个小偷逼她把钱交出来。(2) 句中短语commit a murder意为“犯谋杀罪”，动词commit在此用作及物动词，表示“犯 (错误、罪)，干( 坏事)”之意。此外，commit
24、还可表示 “使承担义务，向( 某人)做出保证，把交托给，提交”之意。常见短语如下：commit a crime/mistake/error 犯罪/错 commit suicide 自杀e.g.A robbery was committed last night. 昨晚发生了一起盗窃案。 If you _ _ _ you can never escape being punished. 你要是犯罪，就逃脱不了要受惩罚。 He would not _ _ in any way. 他不愿做出任何承诺。5. Eric set sail once again, this time with 25 shi
25、ps, of which only 14 made it to Greenland. 埃里克再次启航，这次有25艘船与他同行，但其中只有14艘最终抵达格陵兰岛。解析： (1) 句中of which only 14 made it to Greenland是“介词of +关系代词which”引导的非限制性定语从句，用来补充说明先行词ships的情况。当of which/whom和some ，all，both ，one ，two等词连用时，some，all，both ，one ，two等词可以置于of which/whom前或后。e.g.Ive got many novels, some of w
26、hich(=of which some) are very interesting. 我有很多本小说，其中一些很有趣。Her sons, _ _ _ work abroad, ring her up every week她的两个儿子，都在国外工作，每周都给她打电话来。应用：Jenny gave six magazines to me, _ were printed in our factory.A. four of them B. four of which C. four of that D. four in which (B)(2) 句中短语make it to意为“到达”，其中的it是泛
27、指的事物，没有具体所指，to是介词，后接表地点的名词。e.g.I made it to the classroom before seven oclock. 七点前我到达了教室。I just _ _ _ the bathroom before throwing up.我忍住呕吐，及时冲进了卫生间。此外，make it是英语口语中十分有用的一个习语，可表示“取得成功，设法做成某事，约定时间 ”等意思：e.g.You neednt worry; he will make it. 你不必担心，他会办成的。Lets make it at seven oclock on Tuesday morning
28、at my office. 我们把时间定在星期二早上七点，地点就在 我办公室。应用：When shall we meet again?_ any day you like; its all the same to me.A. Make it B. Do it C. Decide it D. Fix it (A)6. Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric, but he was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land, from where he event
29、ually reached Greenland. 比阿尼希望找到和埃里克在一起的父亲，但他被吹得偏离了航线，不知不觉到了一个不知名的地方，从那里他最终抵达格陵兰岛。解析： (1)句中短语off course意为“偏离航程”，名词course在此意为 “ 航向，航线”。e.g. The plane was on/off course.飞机向正确方向飞行/偏离航程。(2) 句中 found himself in an unknown land为动词find的复合结构，介词短语in an unknown land作宾补。短语find oneself意为“发现自己(处于某种状态) ，不知不觉地发现”，
30、后常跟介词短语、现在分词、过去分词等构成复合结构。e.g.Then I found myself surrounded by a group of children.然后我发现自己被一群孩子围着。 He _ _ _ in the direction of Mikes place.他不知不觉地朝Mike的住处走去。When he came to, he found himself in hospital. 他苏醒过来后，发现自己在医院里。(3) 句中from where he eventually reached Greenland是“介词from +关系副词where”引导的非限制性定语从句，
31、用来补充说明先行词land的情况。关系副词where 作介词from 的宾语，from where 意为“从的地方，从那里 ”。e.g.She stood at the window, from where she could see the park far away. 她站在窗户边，从那里她可以看到远处的公园。We climbed up a mountain _ _ we had fantastic views. 我们爬上了一座山，从那里我们看到了美妙的风景。7. Leif followed Biarnis directions and sailed to what is believed
32、 to be the coast of present-day Canada. 赖伊夫依照比阿尼的指点，航行到被认为是现在的加拿大海岸的所在地。解析：(1)句中what is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada是what引导的宾语从句，作介词to 的宾语，连词what意为“的地方”，在宾语从句中作主语。e.g.If the south had won the war, what is now the US might have been divided into several countries.要是南方赢了战争，现在是美国的地方或许
33、就已分成好几个国家。(2) Sb./Sth. be believed to do是一个常用句型，意为“据认为某人/物”。这个句型还有以下两种表现形式：It is/was believed that sb./sth. .People believe/ believed that sb./sth. .8. They are the first records we have of Europeans sailing to the Americas. 他们是记载中最早航行到达美洲的欧洲人。解析: 句中we have of Europeans sailing to the Americas是省略了关系
34、代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词records，关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语，可省。 动名词复合结构 Europeans sailing to the Americas作介词of 的宾语；短语have records of表示“有 的记载”。e.g.This is the very factory (that) we visited last year. 这就是我们去年参观的那个工厂。Language Points核心词汇1. in spirit; in low spirits 2. made a voyage 3. further 4. to stop; out of; into;
35、of 5. is unknown to 6. eventuall y 7. apologised to, for; made an apology重点短语1. set sail for 2. According to 3. get into trouble 4. in search of重难句导学1. long before; lo ng before; Before long 2. where 3. invited; singing; As many as; as much as 4. were forced to; commit a crime; commit himself 5. both of whom; made it to 6. found himself walking; from where
